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KNH 209 > Chapter 8: The Blood and Lymphatic Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 8: The Blood and Lymphatic Systems Flashcards

1
Q

erythrocytes

A

red blood cells; transport oxygen

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2
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cells; fight infection

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3
Q

thrombocytes

A

platelets; small scab-makers of the body

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4
Q

hemoglobin (Hgb)

A

protein that grabs onto oxygen when oxygen levels are high and releases it when levels are low

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5
Q

types of white blood cells

A

neutrophils, lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophils

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6
Q

immunoglobulins

A

protective proteins

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7
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

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8
Q

hem/o, hemat/o

A

blood

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9
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

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10
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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11
Q

phleb/o, ven/o

A

vein

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12
Q

lymph vessels

A

carry immune proteins to all parts of body

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13
Q

lymph nodes

A

filter out dangerous things like infectious agents and cancerous cells

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14
Q

components of lymphatic system

A

lymph vessels, tonsils, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus

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15
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph

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16
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow, spine

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17
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

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18
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsils

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19
Q

thym/o

A

thymus

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20
Q

splen/o

A

spleen

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21
Q

-penia

A

deficiency

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22
Q

anemia

A

reduction of red blood cells noticed by the patient as weakness and fatigue

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23
Q

ecchymosis

A

large bruise

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24
Q

hematoma

A

mass of blood within an organ, cavity, or tissue

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25
Q

hemophilia

A

condition in which the blood doesn’t clot, thus causing excessive bleeding

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26
Q

hemorrhage

A

excessive blood loss

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27
Q

petechia

A

small bruise

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28
Q

lymphadenopathy (LAD)

A

any disease of a lymph gland (node); used to refer to noticeably swollen lymph nodes, especially in the neck

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29
Q

lymphedema

A

swelling caused by abnormal accumulation of lymph, usually in the extremities

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30
Q

splenalgia

A

pain in the spleen

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31
Q

splenodynia

A

pain in the spleen

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32
Q

complete blood count (CBC)

A

a machine counts the number of each type of cells in the blood

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33
Q

erythrocytosis, polycythemia

A

higher-than-normal number of red blood cells

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34
Q

neutropenia

A

deficiency of neutrophils

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35
Q

leukocytosis

A

high number of white blood cells, a common marker for infection

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36
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

low platelet numbers, can lead to easy bleeding and bruising

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37
Q

thrombocytosis

A

too may platelets, indicates inflammation

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38
Q

microcytosis

A

small RBCs, anemia with it can be caused by iron deficiency and lead poisoning

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39
Q

macrocytosis

A

enlarged RBCs, anemia with it can be a result of folate deficiency or B12 deficiency

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40
Q

normocytic anemia

A

can be caused by bleeding or chronic disease

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41
Q

spherocytes, elliptocytes

A

two types of blood cells with abnormal shapes

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42
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

swollen, painful lymph nodes

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43
Q

splenomegaly

A

enlarged spleen

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44
Q

lymphedema

A

swollen lymph vessels that can cause swelling in arms and legs

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45
Q

lymphangiogram

A

image that examines lymph vessels

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46
Q

asplenia

A

absence of a spleen

47
Q

embolism

A

blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus

48
Q

embolus

A

mass of matter present in the blood

49
Q

hematopoiesis

A

formation of blood cells

50
Q

hemolysis

A

breakdown of blood cells

51
Q

leukocyte

A

white blood cell

52
Q

leukopenia

A

deficiency in white blood cells

53
Q

thrombocyte

A

cell that helps blood clot; also known as a platelet

54
Q

thromboembolism

A

blockage of a vessel (embolism) caused by a clot that has broken off from where it formed

55
Q

thrombosis

A

the formation of a blood clot

56
Q

thrombus

A

blood clot (clot of blood that is stationary, whereas embolus is a foreign object that is in motion)

57
Q

hepatosplenomegaly (HSM)

A

enlargement of the liver and spleen

58
Q

lymphocyte

A

lymph cell

59
Q

splenomegaly

A

enlargement of the spleen

60
Q

hematocrit (Hct)

A

test to judge or separate the blood; used to determine the ratio of red blood cells to total blood volume

61
Q

hematology

A

study of the blood

62
Q

phlebotomist

A

specialist in drawing blood

63
Q

phlebotomy

A

incision into a vein; another name for drawing blood

64
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

fancy name for the device used to measure blood pressure

65
Q

lymphangiography

A

procedure to study the lymph vessels

66
Q

immunodeficiency

A

deficiency of white blood cells causing patient to be more vulnerable to infections

67
Q

immunosuppression

A

outside force such as a medication or illness that can cause immune deficiency

68
Q

coagulopathy

A

blood not clotting enough

69
Q

hypercoagulability

A

blood clotting too easily

70
Q

bilirubin

A

recycled blood product; excessive amounts may cause the skin to appear yellow

71
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

sore lymph nodes due to overworking

72
Q

lymphadenitis

A

infection of lymph nodes

73
Q

hypersplenism

A

overactive spleen

74
Q

osteomyelitis

A

infected bone marrow from the bloodstream or from an injury to the bone

75
Q

immunocompromised

A

having an immune system incapable of responding normally and completely to a pathogen or disease

76
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of vein caused by a clot

77
Q

anemia

A

reduced red blood cells

78
Q

aplastic anemia

A

anemia caused by red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities

79
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells

80
Q

hyperlipidema

A

excessive fat in the blood

81
Q

iron deficiency anemia

A

anemia caused by inadequate iron intake

82
Q

septicemia

A

presence of disease-causing microorganisms in the blood

83
Q

lymphadenitis

A

inflammation of a lymph gland (node)

84
Q

lymphangitis

A

inflammation of lymph vessels

85
Q

mononucleosis

A

condition characterized by an abnormally large number of mononuclear leukocytes

86
Q

splenitis

A

inflammation of the spleen

87
Q

splenorrhexis

A

rupture of the spleen

88
Q

tonsillitis

A

inflammation of a tonsil

89
Q

leukemia

A

cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by the abnormal increase in white blood cells

90
Q

lymphoma

A

cancerous tumor originating in lymphocytes

91
Q

myeloma

A

cancerous tumor of the bone marrow; when the tumors are present in several bones, it is caused multiple myeloma

92
Q

anticoagulant

A

drug that prevents the coagulation of blood

93
Q

thrombolytic

A

drug that breaks down blood clots

94
Q

lymphadenectomy

A

surgical removal of a lymph gland (node)

95
Q

splenectomy

A

surgical removal of the spleen

96
Q

thymectomy

A

surgical removal of the thymus

97
Q

tonsillectomy

A

surgical removal of a tonsil

98
Q

apheresis

A

general term for a process, similar to dialysis, that draws out a patient’s blood, removes something from it, then returns the rest of the blood to the patient’s body

99
Q

cytapheresis

A

apheresis to remove cellular material

100
Q

plasmapheresis

A

apheresis to remove the plasma

101
Q

plateletpheresis

A

apheresis to remove platelets (for the purpose of donating them to patients in need of platelets)

102
Q

transfusion

A

infusion into a patient of blood from another source

103
Q

AIDS

A

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

104
Q

BMT

A

bone marrow transplant

105
Q

DIC

A

disseminated intravascular coagulopathy

106
Q

EBV

A

Epstein-Barr virus

107
Q

ESR

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

108
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus

109
Q

IV

A

intravenous

110
Q

IVIG

A

intravenous immunoglobulin

111
Q

NCAT

A

no cervical adenopathy or tenderness

112
Q

PLT

A

platelet count

113
Q

RBC

A

red blood count

114
Q

WBC

A

white blood count

KNH 209 (10 decks)

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