Chapter 6: The Sensory System Flashcards
1
Q
orbit
A
eye socket, made of seven connecting bones in the skull
2
Q
lacrimal gland
A
gland that produces tears
3
Q
conjunctiva
A
thin, invisible membrane lining the eyes and eyelids
4
Q
ocul/o, ophthalam/o, opt/o
A
eye
5
Q
lacrim/o, dacry/o
A
tear
6
Q
-opia, -opsia
A
vision condition
7
Q
blephar/o
A
eyelid
8
Q
sclera
A
white part of the eye; dense and protective
9
Q
cornea
A
clear surface in the middle of the eye, protects the lens and begins the work of focusing light to the back of the eye
10
Q
conjunctiv/o
A
conjunctiva
11
Q
corne/o, kerat/o
A
cornea
12
Q
scler/o
A
sclera
13
Q
choroid
A
includes lens, iris, ciliary muscles
14
Q
lens
A
gathers light and focuses on images
15
Q
iris
A
dilates and constricts pupil, controlling amount of light that enters the eye
16
Q
ciliary muscles
A
adjust shape of eye and lens to focus on near and far objects
17
Q
vitreous fluid
A
liquid in the eye that bends the light and aims it to the back of the eyeball
18
Q
retina
A
eye’s image processor in the deepest layer of the eye, turns visual stimuli into electric signals which are sent along the optic nerve
19
Q
retin/o
A
retina
20
Q
ir/o, irid/o
A
iris
21
Q
phac/o, phak/o
A
lens
22
Q
aur/o, ot/o
A
ear
23
Q
acous/o, audi/o
A
sound, hearing
24
Q
-acusis
A
hearing condition
25
pinna
fleshy, outer part of the ear that sits on the mastoid bone and collects sounds from the air to send down the ear canal
26
tympanic membrane
eardrum; turns sound waves into physical energy
27
cerumen
earwax, acts as a natural antibiotic and lubricant
28
salpinx
tube that connects middle ear to nose and throat; drains and maintains pressure in the middle ear
29
incus
anvil
30
stapes
stirrup
31
malleus
hammer
32
tympan/o, myring/o
eardrum
33
cerumin/o
earwax
34
salping/o
eustachian tube
35
cochlea
shell-shaped organ in the inner ear filled with fluid and hair
36
acoustic nerve
carries electric signal created by the hairs to the brain
37
vestibular system
sends information to the brain about the tilt, rotation, and motion of the head
38
labyrinth/o
labyrinth
39
vestibul/o
vestibule
40
cochle/o
cochlea
41
hemianopsia
blindness in half the field of vision
42
dacryorrhea
excessive tearing
43
iridalgia
iris pain
44
hypoacusis
decreased sensitivity to sound
45
hyperacusis
increased sensitivity to sound
46
otorrhea
ear discharge
47
mastoidalgia
pain in the mastoid that may indicate a dangerous spread of the ear infection into the mastoid bone
48
amblyopia
decreased vision; when in one eye is referred to as lazy eye
49
astigmatism
vision problems caused by the fact that light rays entering the eye aren't focused on a single point in the back of the eye
50
blepharoplegia
paralysis of the eyelid
51
blepharospasm
involuntary contraction of the eyelid
52
hyperopia
farsightedness
53
myopia
nearsightedness
54
keratalgia
pain in the cornea
55
miosis
abnormal contraction of the pupil
56
mydriasis
abnormal dilation of the pupil
57
ophthamalgia
eye pain
58
presbyopia
decreased vision caused by old age
59
xerophthalmia
dry eyes
60
otalgia
ear pain
61
presbycusis
loss of hearing in old age
62
tinnitus
ringing in the ears
63
vertigo
sensation of moving through space (while stationary)
64
blepharedema
swelling around the eyelids
65
blepharopyorrhea
pus draining from the eyelids
66
exophthalmos
eye bulging from the orbit
67
papilledema
swelling of the optic nerve
68
retinoscope
instrument for observing the retina
69
phacoscope
instrument for observing the lens
70
macrotia
enlarged outer ear
71
microtia
small outer ear
72
tympanic perforation
burst eardrum
73
tympanosclerosis
small, visible scars on a healed burst eardrum
74
pneumatic otoscopy
forcing air into the ear canal to see if it moves the eardrum
75
salpingoscope
an instrument used for examining the tubes that connect the middle ear to the nose and throat
76
blepharoptosis
drooping eyelid
77
esotropia
inward turning of the eye toward the nose
78
exotropia
outward turning of the eye away from the nose
79
nasolacrimal
pertaining to the nose and tear system
80
nystagmus
involuntary back-and-forth movement of the eyes
81
ophthalmologist
eye specialist
82
ophthalmoscope
instrument for looking at the eye
83
optic
pertaining to the eye
84
optometrist
specialist in measuring the eye
85
pterygium
winglike growth of conjunctival tissue extending to the cornea
86
retinal
pertaining to the retina
87
strabismus
condition where the eyes deviate when looking at the same object
88
tonometer
instrument for measuring tension or pressure in the eye (intraocular pressure)
89
audiogram
record produced by an audiometer
90
audiologist
hearing specialist
91
audiometer
instrument for measuring hearing
92
audiometry
procedure for measuring hearing
93
aural
pertaining to the ear
94
ceruminosis
excessive formation of ear wax
95
otolaryngologist
specialist in the ear and throat
96
otorhinolaryngologist
specialist in the ear, nose, and throat
97
otosclerosis
hearing loss caused by the hardening of the bones of the middle ear
98
otoscope
instrument for looking in the ear
99
otoscopy
procedure for examining the ear
100
dacryoadenitis
inflammation of the tear gland
101
dacryostenosis
blockage of tear duct that drains the eye, which can lead to a mild infection (dacryocystitis)
102
scleritis
painful, chronic illness often due to general inflammatory disorders like rheumatoid arthritis
103
keratitis
inflammation of the cornea
104
iridemia
bleeding of the iris
105
iridocyclitis
inflammation of the iris with extension to the ciliary muscle
106
glaucoma
pressure inside of the eye
107
papilledema
swelling of the optic disc
108
optic neuritis
inflammation of the optic nerve
109
bullous myringitis
inflammation of the eardrum resulting in blisters
110
mastoiditis
infection of the mastoid bone
111
labyrinthitis
inflammation of the inner ear
112
vestibular neuritis
inflammation of the nerve connecting inner ear structures to the brain
113
aphakia
absence of a lens
114
blepharitis
eyelid inflammation
115
cataract
opacity (cloudiness) of the lens of the eye
116
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva (pink eye)
117
corneal abrasion
scratch on the cornea
118
iridopathy
disease of the iris
119
iritis
inflammation of the iris
120
keratopathy
disease of the cornea
121
oculopathy
eye disease
122
ophthalmitis
inflammation of the eye
123
retinopathy
disease of the retina
124
acoustic neuroma
tumor on the acoustic nerve
125
aerotitis
inflammation of the ear caused by air
126
cerumen impaction
buildup of ear wax blocking the ear canal
127
conductive hearing loss
hearing loss caused by sound not getting to the middle/inner ear (due to blockages)
128
myringitis
inflammation of the eardrum
129
otitis externa
inflammation of the outer ear
130
otitis media
inflammation of the middle ear
131
otomycosis
fungal ear infection
132
otosclerosis
hearing loss caused by the hardening of the bones of the middle ear
133
sensorineural hearing loss
hearing loss caused by sound not being transmitted from the inner ear to the brain (due to problems with the sensory organs or nerves)
134
sclerotomy
incision into sclera in order to perform surgery in other parts of the eye
135
radial keratotomy
making incisions in the cornea like spokes in a wheel to correct myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism
136
cataract extraction
breaking original lens up into small pieces, aspirating pieces out of eye through a needle and then installing a new lens
137
enucleation
complete removal of an eye
138
cycloplegics
temporarily paralyze the pupil
139
mydriatics
used prior to a thorough eye exam to dilate the eyes
140
auditory prosthesis
hearing aid
141
labyrinthectomy
inner ear surgery used to treat severe vertigo
142
blepharoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the eyelid
143
blepharotomy
incision into the eyelid
144
corneal transplant
replacement of damaged cornea with donated tissue
145
intraocular lens implant
insertion of a new lens inside the eye
146
iridectomy
removal of the iris
147
iridotomy
incision into the iris
148
keratoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the cornea
149
keratotomy
incision into the cornea
150
phacoemulsification
fragmentation of an existing lens in order to remove and replace it
151
retinoplexy
surgical fixation (reattachment) of a retina
152
miotic
drug that causes abnormal contraction of the pupil
153
mydriatic
drug that causes abnormal dilation of the pupil
154
ceruminolytic
drug that aids in breakdown of ear wax
155
ototoxic
drug that is damaging to the ear/hearing
156
cochlear implant
electronic device that stimulates the cochlea, can give a sense of sound to those who are profoundly deaf
157
ear lavage
rinsing/washing the external ear canal (usually to remove ear wax)
158
myringoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the eardrum
159
otoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the ear
160
tympanocentesis
puncture of the eardum
161
tympanoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the eardrum
162
tympanostomy
creation of an opening in the eadrum
163
