Chapter 13: The Female Reproductive System Flashcards
1
Q
vulva
A
outer structures of the female reproductive system: clitoris, labia majora, labia minora, urethral meatus, vaginal opening
2
Q
clitoris
A
most sensitive part of a woman’s anatomy
3
Q
labia
A
folds of tissue around the opening of the vagina; larger labia majora and thinner labia minora
4
Q
colp/o, vagin/o
A
vagina
5
Q
episi/o, vulv/o
A
vulva
6
Q
perine/o
A
perineum
7
Q
perineum
A
region between the genital organs and the anus
8
Q
gynec/o, gyn/o
A
woman
9
Q
mast/o, mamm/o
A
breast
10
Q
lact/o
A
milk
11
Q
ovaries
A
female gonads that hold all of the woman’s eggs
12
Q
ova
A
eggs
13
Q
ovulation
A
the process of an ovary allowing an egg to mature and then releasing it
14
Q
fallopian tubes
A
tubes that carry ova to the uterus
15
Q
uterus
A
pear-shaped organ that is the incubator for growing and developing new life
16
Q
menstrual cycle
A
cycle of building and shedding nutritive tissues in the uterus
17
Q
estrogen and progesterone
A
female hormones made in the ovaries that drive the menstrual cycle
18
Q
cervix
A
connection between the uterus and vagina
19
Q
vagina
A
the female reproductive system’s main point of contact with the outside world (odd definition from the textbook)
20
Q
cervic/o
A
cervix
21
Q
hyster/o, metr/o, uter/o
A
uterus
22
Q
pelv/i
A
pelvis
23
Q
oophor/o, ovari/o
A
ovary
24
Q
men/o
A
menstruation
25
salping/o
fallopian tube
26
placenta
connection between the fetus and the uterus in which nutrients from the mother's blood vessels cross into the fetus's blood vessels
27
umbilical cord
attachment between the fetus and the placenta; cut at birth
28
amnion, amniotic sac
fluid-filled sac that surrounds the fetus, acting as a shock absorber to protect it
29
chorion
membrane outside of the amnion that helps anchor the baby to the walls of the uterus and provides nutrition
30
labor
process in which the cervix widens and the muscles of the uterus squeeze to push the baby out
31
amni/o
amnion
32
chori/o, chorion/o
chorion
33
-cyesis
pregnancy
34
toc/o
labor
35
fet/o
fetus
36
part/o
birth; "to give birth," focuses on the mother
37
nat/o
birth; "to be born," focuses on the baby
38
dyspareunia
pain during sexual intercourse
39
gynecomastia
development of a small amount of breast tissue in males during puberty
40
metromenorrhagia
menses that are both too frequent and too heavy
41
amenorrhea
no menstruation
42
dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation
43
hysteralgia
pain in the uterus
44
hysterodynia
pain in the uterus
45
mastalgia
breast pain
46
mastoptosis
downward displacement (drooping) of the breast
47
menorrhagia
excessive menstrual flow
48
menorrhalgia
painful menstruation
49
metrorrhagia
menstrual bleeding at irregular times
50
oligomenorrhea
infrequent or light menstrual periods
51
ovaralgia
pain of the ovaries
52
ovarialgia
pain of the ovaries
53
vaginodynia
vaginal pain
54
vulvodynia
pain in the vulva
55
amniorrhea
discharge of amniotic fluid
56
amniorrhexis
rupture of the amniotic sac
57
Braxton Hicks contraction
sporadic contractions of the uterine muscles of women not in labor; aka false labor
58
contraction
shortening or tightening of a muscle; during labor, the uterine muscles contract
59
speculum
instrument that spreads open the walls of the vagina to make it easier to visualize the cervix
60
bimanual exam
placement of fingers of one hand inside the vagina and one hand of the abdomen and feeling the structures between both hands; aids in detecting lumps or painful areas
61
rectovaginal exam
placement of one or two fingers in the patient's rectum and another in her vagina to search for any abnormalities
62
transvaginal ultrasound
ultrasound placed inside the vagina to look at the ovaries, uterus, and cervix
63
prenatal ultrasound
ultrasound used to screen the health of the uterus and baby
64
presentation
how the baby is positioned inside the mother
65
cephalic
placement of the baby with their head placing downward; ideal orientation for delivery
66
breech
placement of the baby with their bottom or legs near the birth canal; can lead to cesarean section
67
congenital anomalies
birth defects
68
macrocephaly
large head
69
microcephaly
small head
70
oligohydramnios
too little amniotic fluid; generally indicates kidney problems in the baby
71
polyhydramnios
too much amniotic fluid; can be caused by diabetes of the mother or gastrointestinal/urinary problems in the baby
72
eutocia
normal, uncomplicated delivery
73
dystocia
unusually painful/difficult delivery
74
cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD)
condition where the baby's head is larger than the delivery canal; another common reason for a cesarean section
75
lactorrhea
production of breast milk
76
wet mount
collection of vaginal discharge to put on a slide to examine with a microscope and look for signs of infection
77
colpoptosis
downward placement of the vagina
78
hypermastia
excessively large breasts (or an abnormal number of them)
79
hypomastia
abnormally small breasts
80
hysteroptosis
downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina
81
colposcopy
procedure for examining the vagina
82
hysterosalpingogram (HSG)
record of the uterus and fallopian tubes
83
hysteroscope
instrument for examining the uterus
84
hysteroscopy
procedure for examining the uterus
85
mammogram
record of a breast exam
86
Pap smear
test used to detect cancer cells, most commonly in the cervix
87
transvaginal sonography
imaging procedure using sound waves emitted from a device inserted into the vagina
88
endometrium
inner layer of uterine tissue
89
gynecologist
specialist in medical issues specific to women
90
gynecology (GYN)
study of medical issues specific to women
91
myometrium
middle layer of uterine muscle tissue
92
bradytocia
slow labor
93
gravida
another term for pregnant
94
hyseterocele
hernia of the uterus
95
hysterorrhexis
rupture of the uterus
96
amniocentesis
surgical puncture of the amnion
97
cardiotocograph
instrument for recording the baby's heart rate during contractions; also known as a fetal heart monitor
98
fetometry
procedure for measuring the fetus
99
pelvicephalometry
procedure for measure the head size of the baby and the pelvis size of the mother
100
tocodynagraph
instrument for recording the strength of labor contractions
101
antepartum
time before birth
102
natal
pertaining to birth
103
neonatal
pertaining to new birth; normally the first 28 days after birth
104
neonatologist
specialist in the neonatal period
105
neonatology
study of the neonatal period
106
obstetrician
special in pregnancy, labor, and delivery of newborns
107
obstetrics
branch of medicine dealing with pregnancy, labor, and delivery of newborns
108
postnatal
pertaining to after birth (focus on the baby)
109
postpartum
pertaining to after birth (focus on the mother)
110
prenatal
pertaining to before birth
111
menarche
a female's first period
112
adenocarcinoma of the breast
breast cancer
113
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
early evidence of cancer or precancerous changes in the cervix; can be detected by a Pap smear
114
vulvovaginitis
irritation of the vagina and its surrounding area
115
bacterial vaginosis
irritation of the vagina caused by bacteria
116
vaginomycosis
irritation of the vagina caused by fungi
117
choriocarcinoma
cancerous tumor of the womb that arose from fetal tissue
118
chorioamnionitis
infection of the womb
119
miscarriage
I don't like the book's definition of this, so I'm not putting it. Just know that they may refer to is as a spontaneous abortion.
120
induced abortion
what we think of when people say "abortion"
121
cervicitis
inflammation of the cervix
122
cervicocolpitis
inflammation of the cervix and vagina
123
cystocele
hernia of the urinary bladder into the vagina
124
endometriosis
condition in which endometrium cells appear and grow outside the uterus
125
mastitis
inflammation of the breast
126
menopause
cessation of menstruation
127
oophoritis
inflammation of an ovary
128
salpingitis
inflammation of a fallopian tube
129
salpingocele
hernia of a fallopian tube
130
urethrocele
hernia or prolapse of the urethra into the vagina
131
vaginitis
inflammation of the vagina
132
vesicovaginal fistula
abnormal opening between the urinary bladder and the vagina
133
vulvitis
inflammation of the vulva
134
abruptio placentae
separation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus
135
eclampsia
severe, lift-threatening complication of pregnancy characterized by seizures
136
ectopic pregnancy
implantation of a fertilized egg in a place other than the uterus
137
hyperemesis gravidarum
pregnancy-related vomiting; an extreme form of morning sickness
138
hysterorrhexis
rupture of the uterus
139
ovariocyesis
ectopic pregnancy in an ovary
140
placenta previa
condition in which the placenta is attached to the uterus near the cervix
141
preeclampsia
condition characterized by high blood pressure and high protein in the urine
142
pseudocyesis
false pregnancy
143
salpingocyesis
ectopic pregnancy in a fallopian tube
144
ovarian cystectomy
removal of a cyst on an ovary
145
salpingotomy
surgical incision into the fallopian, such as to remove an embryo in an ectopic pregnancy
146
tubal ligation
surgical blocking of the fallopian tubes as a means of preventing future pregnancies
147
dilation and curettage (D&C)
dilation of the cervix with special instruments followed by the removal of tissues lining the uterus; used to evaluate and treat problems of the uterus
148
mastotomy with lumpectomy
removal of cancer from a breast without removing the entire breast
149
teratogen
a substance that can harm the growth of a baby
150
laparotomy
incision into the abdomen (such as in a cesarean section)
151
hysterotomy
incision into the uterus (such as in a cesarean section)
152
episiorrhaphy
suture of the vulva
153
hysterectomy
surgical removal of the uterus
154
hysteropexy
surgical fixation of the uterus
155
hysterosalpingectomy
surgical removal of the uterus and fallopian tube(s)
156
mammoplasty
surgical reconstruction of a breast
157
mastectomy
surgical removal of a breast
158
mastopexy
surgical fixation of a breast
159
myomectomy
surgical removal of a tumor in the muscle (usually refers to the muscle of the uterine wall)
160
oophorectomy
surgical removal of an ovary
161
ovariocentesis
surgical puncture of an ovary
162
perineoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the perineum
163
perineorrhaphy
suture of the perinuem
164
salpingectomy
surgical removal of a fallopian tube
165
salpingo-oophorectomy
surgical removal of a fallopian tube and ovary
166
vaginoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the vagina
167
cesarean section (CS, C-section)
delivery of a baby through an incision made in the uterus
168
episiotomy
incision into the vulva
169
in vitro fertilization (IVF)
fertilization of an egg done in a test tube
170
abortifacient
drug or device that induces an abortion
171
oxytocin
agent that stimulates uterine contractions and accelerates labor
172
tocolytic
agent that stops or delays premature labor and contractions
173
CIPP
chronic idiopathic pelvic pain
174
Cx
cervix
175
HPV
human papillomavirus
176
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
177
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
178
PMS
premenstrual syndrome
179
TAH/BSO
total abdominal hysterectomy/bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
180
TSS
toxic shock syndrome
181
DOB
date of birth
182
EDD
expected date of delivery
183
FOB
father of the baby (or fecal occult blood)
184
G
gravida
185
LGA
large for gestational age
186
LMP
last menstrual period
187
P
birth
188
RDS
respiratory distress syndrome
189
SGA
small for gestational age
