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KNH 209 > Chapter 5: The Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 5: The Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

part of the nervous system that collects data

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2
Q

central nervous system

A

part of the nervous system that processes details and formulates a response

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3
Q

somatic nervous system

A

part of the nervous system relating to voluntary command of the body’s actions

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4
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

part of the nervous system relating to involuntary actions of the body

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5
Q

afferent nerve

A

nerve that carries impulses toward the CNS

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6
Q

efferent nerve

A

a nerve that carries impulses away from the CNS

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7
Q

cerebellum

A

controls coordination of movement

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8
Q

cerebrum

A

largest portion of the brain

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9
Q

mininges

A

protective membrane around CNS

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10
Q

dura

A

tough outer layer of meninges

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11
Q

cerebr/o, encephal/o

A

brain

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12
Q

cerebell/o

A

cerebellum

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13
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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14
Q

crani/o

A

head, skull

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15
Q

mening/o, meningi/o

A

meninges

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16
Q

dur/o

A

dura

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17
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

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18
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord, bone marrow

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19
Q

esthesi/o

A

feeling, sensation

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20
Q

phas/o

A

speech

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21
Q

phren/o, psych/o

A

mind

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22
Q

gnosi/o

A

know

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23
Q

-mania

A

excessive desire

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24
Q

-phobia

A

excessive fear or sensitivity

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25
Q

ablutophobia

A

the fear of taking a bath

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26
Q

acrophobia

A

the fear of heights

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27
Q

alektorophobia

A

the fear of chickens

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28
Q

arachnophobia

A

the fear of spiders

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29
Q

cynophobia

A

the fear of dogs

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30
Q

dendrophobia

A

the fear of trees

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31
Q

gynophobia

A

the fear of women

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32
Q

ichthyphobia

A

the fear of fish

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33
Q

nyctophobia

A

the fear of being afraid

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34
Q

triskaidakaphobia

A

the fear of the number 13

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35
Q

delirium

A

a sudden state of confusion or abrupt loss of awareness of his or her surroundings

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36
Q

aphasia

A

inability to speak

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37
Q

dementia

A

loss/decline in mental function

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38
Q

dysphasia

A

difficulty speaking

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39
Q

neurasthenia

A

nerve weakness

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40
Q

syncope

A

fainting; losing consciousness due to temporary loss of blood flow to the brain

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41
Q

cephalgia

A

head pain

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42
Q

neuralgia

A

nerve pain

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43
Q

agoraphobia

A

the fear of outdoor spaces

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44
Q

hydrophobia

A

the fear of water

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45
Q

kleptomania

A

the desire to steal

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46
Q

pyromania

A

the desire to set fire

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47
Q

CT scan

A

complex, speedy type of x-ray

48
Q

MRI

A

imaging technique that offers a more detailed view and is used especially when the cerebellum is of special importance

49
Q

ultrasound

A

imaging technique that assesses blood circulation to the brain and monitors the speed of blood in blood vessels

50
Q

electroencephalography (EEG)

A

procedure used to examine the electrical activity of the brain

51
Q

lumbar puncture (LP)

A

inserting a needle into the lumbar region of the spine in order to collect spinal fluid, commonly called a “spinal tap”

52
Q

cerebral anglography

A

procedure used to examine blood vessels in the brain

53
Q

myelogram

A

image of the spinal cord, usually done using an x-ray

54
Q

positron emission tomography (PET) scan

A

an imaging procedure that uses radiation (positrons) to produce cross sections of the brain

55
Q

encephalocele

A

hernia of the brain (normally through a defect in the skull)

56
Q

hematoma

A

a tumor-like mass made up of blood

57
Q

epidural hematoma

A

a hematoma located on top of the dura

58
Q

intracerebral hematoma

A

a hematoma located inside the brain

59
Q

subdural hematoma

A

a hematoma located beneath the dura

60
Q

meningocele

A

a hernia of the meninges

61
Q

neuritis

A

nerve inflammation

62
Q

psychiatrist

A

doctor why specializes in treatment of the mind

63
Q

psychiatry

A

branch of medicine that focuses on the treatment of the mind

64
Q

psychologist

A

doctor who specializes in the study of the mind

65
Q

psychology

A

branch of medicine that focuses on the study of the mind

66
Q

psychosomatic

A

pertaining to the relationship between the body and the mind

67
Q

neurogenic

A

originates from the nervous system

68
Q

psychogenic

A

originates from the mind

69
Q

intracranial pressure (ICP)

A

pressure in the brain

70
Q

hemorrhagic stroke

A

rupture in blood vessel disrupting critical blood supply to the brain

71
Q

ischemic stroke

A

blockage cutting off blood supply to the brain

72
Q

seizure

A

involuntary changes in muscle tone due to abnormal firing of nerves

73
Q

neuralgia

A

nerve pain

74
Q

peripheral neuropathy

A

damage to nerves

75
Q

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

an accident involving the blood vessels of the brain

76
Q

stroke

A

loss of brain function caused by interruption of blood flow/supply to the brain

77
Q

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

A

a “mini-stroke” caused by the blockage of a blood vessel, which resolves (goes away) within 24 hours

78
Q

hydrocephaly

A

abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain

79
Q

encephalitis

A

inflammation of the brain

80
Q

encephalopathy

A

disease of the brain

81
Q

meningitis

A

inflammation of the meninges

82
Q

myelitis

A

inflammation of the spinal cord

83
Q

neuropathy

A

disease of the nervous system

84
Q

poliomyelitis

A

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord

85
Q

anorexia

A

an eating disorder characterized by the patient’s refusal to eat

86
Q

autism

A

a psychiatric disorder characterized by withdrawal from communication with others; the patient is focused only on the self

87
Q

bulimia

A

an eating disorder characterized by overeating and usually followed by forced vomiting or other compensatory behaviors

88
Q

cerebral palsy (CP)

A

paralysis caused by damage to the brain responsible for movement

89
Q

epilepsy

A

a disease marked by siezures

90
Q

narcolepsy

A

a disease characterized by sudden, uncontrolled sleepiness

91
Q

neurosis

A

a nerve condition

92
Q

psychosis

A

a mind condition

93
Q

schizophrenia

A

a mental illness characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disordered speech

94
Q

local

A

anesthetics injected into a small area

95
Q

epidural

A

anesthetics injected into a small group of nerves

96
Q

general

A

anesthetics affecting the entire body

97
Q

neurotransmitters

A

chemicals that allow communication between nerves

98
Q

endarterectomy

A

direct cutting and cleaning of a partially blocked artery

99
Q

cranioplasty

A

procedure to help remedy skull problems

100
Q

laminectomy

A

removal of part of the vertebral bone

101
Q

discectomy

A

removal of part of an intervertebral disc

102
Q

hydrocephalus

A

insertion of a special drain leading from the brain into another part of the body

103
Q

ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt

A

when the drain of a hydrocephalus is placed in the open area surrounding the inside of the abdomen

104
Q

lobectomy

A

removal of a lobe of the brain

105
Q

anesthetic

A

drug that causes loss of sensation

106
Q

analgesic

A

drug that relieves pain

107
Q

anticonvulsant

A

drug that opposes convulsions

108
Q

antipsychotic

A

drug that opposes psychoses

109
Q

anxiolytic

A

drug that lessens anxiety

110
Q

craniectomy

A

removal of a piece of the skull

111
Q

craniotomy

A

incision into the skull

112
Q

neurectomy

A

removal of a nerve

113
Q

neurolysis

A

destruction of nerve tissue

114
Q

neuroplasty

A

reconstruction of a nerve

115
Q

neurorrhaphy

A

suturing of a nerve (often severed ends of a nerve)

116
Q

ADHD

A

attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

117
Q

ALS

A

Lou Gehrig’s disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)

KNH 209 (10 decks)

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