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MEDT 211 > Chapter 8 special senses > Flashcards

Chapter 8 special senses Flashcards

1
Q

What does the suffix -esthesia mean?

A

Sensation

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2
Q

What does the suffix -algesia mean?

A

pain

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3
Q

What does the suffix -osmia mean?

A

sense of smell

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4
Q

What does the suffix -geusia mean?

A

sense of taste

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5
Q

What does equilibrium mean?

A

Sense of balance

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6
Q

What is gustation?

A

The sense of taste

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7
Q

What is hearing?

A

The sense or perception of sound

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8
Q

What is olfaction?

A

The sense of smell

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9
Q

What is proprioception

A

The awareness of posture, movement, and changes in equilibrium

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10
Q

What is sensory receptor?

A

A sensory nerve ending or a specialized structure associated with a sensory nerve that responds to stimulus

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11
Q

What is tactile?

A

Pertaining to the sense of touch

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12
Q

What is vision?

A

The sense by which the shape, size, and color of objects are perceived by means of the light they give off.

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13
Q

What does the root audi/o mean?

A

Hearing

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14
Q

What does the root acous, acus, cus mean?

A

Sound, hearing

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15
Q

What does the root ot/o mean?

A

Ear

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16
Q

What does the root myring/o mean?

A

tympanic membrane

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17
Q

What does the root tympan/o mean?

A

Tympanic cavity (middle ear), tympanic membrane

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18
Q

What does the root Salping/o mean?

A

Tube, auditory tube

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19
Q

What does the root Staped/o mean?

A

Staples

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20
Q

What does the root labyrinth/o mean?

A

Labyrinth

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21
Q

What does the root vesibul/o mean?

A

Vestibule, vestibular apparatus

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22
Q

What does the root Cochle/o mean?

A

Cochlea of inner ear

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23
Q

What is the auditory lobe?

A

The tube that connects the inner ear with the nasopharynx and serves to equalize pressure between the outer and middle ear

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24
Q

What is the cerumen?

A

The brownish, wax like secretion formed in the external canal to protect the ear and prevent infection

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25
Q

What is the cochlea

A

The coiled portion of the inner ear that contains the receptors for hearing

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26
Q

What is the external auditory canal

A

Tube that extends from the pinna of the ear to the tympanic membrane;

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27
Q

What is the incus?

A

The middle ossicle of the ear

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28
Q

What is the labyrinth?

A

The inner ear, named for its complex structure, which resembles a maze

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29
Q

What is the malleus?

A

the ossicle of the middle ear that is in contact with the tympanic membrane and the incus

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30
Q

What is the ossicles?

A

The small bones of the middle ear, the malleus, incus, and stapes

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31
Q

What is the pinna?

A

The projecting part of the outer ear; auricle

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32
Q

What is the semicircular canals?

A

The three curved channels of the inner ear that hold receptors for equilibrium

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33
Q

What is the spiral organ?

A

The hearing receptor, which is located in the cochlea of the inner ear; organ of the corti

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34
Q

What are the stapes?

A

The ossicle that is in contact with the inner ear

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35
Q

What is the tympanic membrane?

A

The membrane between the external auditory canal and the middle ear

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36
Q

What is the vestibular apparatus?

A

The portion of the inner ear that is concerned with the sense of equlibrium

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37
Q

What is the vestibule?

A

The chamber in the inner ear that holds some of the receptors for equilibrium

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38
Q

What is a vestibulocochlear nerve?

A

The nerve that transmits impulses and equilibrium from the ear to the brain

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39
Q

What is acoustic neuroma?

A

A tumor of the eighth cranial nerve sheath; although benign, it can press on surrounding tissue and produce symptoms

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40
Q

What is conductive hearing loss?

A

Hearing impairment that results from blockage of sound transmission to the inner ear

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41
Q

What is Meniere disease?

A

A disease associated with increased fluid pressure in the inner ear and characterized by hearing loss, vertigo, and tinnitus

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42
Q

What is otitis externa

A

Inflammation of the middle ear with accumulation of serous or mucoid fluid

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43
Q

What is otoscerosis?

A

Formation of abnormal and sometimes hardened bony tissue in the ear, it usually occurs around the oval window and the footplate of the stapes, causing immobilization of the stapes and progressive loss of hearing

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44
Q

What is sensorineural hearing loss?

A

Hearing impairment that results from damage to the inner ear, eighth cranial nerve, or auditory pathways in the brain

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45
Q

What is tinnitus?

A

A sensation of noises, such as ringing or tinkling, in the ear

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46
Q

What is vertigo?

A

A illusion of movement, as of the body moving in space or the environment moving about the body;

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47
Q

What is myringotomy

A

Surgical incision of the tympanic membrane; performed to drain the middle ear cavity or to insert a tube into the tympanic membrane for drainage

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48
Q

What is stapedectomy?

A

Surgical removal of the stapes; it may be combined with insertion of prosthesis to correct otosclerosis

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49
Q

What is aural?

A

Pertaining or perceived by the ear

50
Q

What is Decibel?

A

A unit for measuring relative intensity of sound

51
Q

What is hertz?

A

A unit for measuring the frequency (pitch) of sound

52
Q

What is mastoid process?

A

A small projection of the temporal bone behind the external auditory canal; it consists of loosely arranged bony material and small, air-filled cavities

53
Q

What is stapedius?

A

A small muscle attached to the stapes. It contracts in the presence of a loud sound, producing the acoustic reflex

54
Q

What is cholesteatoma?

A

A cyst like mass containing cholesterol that is most common in the middle ear and mastoid region; a possible complication of chronic middle ear infection

55
Q

What is labyrinthitis?

A

Inflammation of the labyrinth of the ear

56
Q

What is mastoiditis?

A

Inflammation of the air cells of the mastoid process

57
Q

What is presbycusis?

A

Loss of hearing caused by aging; also presbycusis

58
Q

What is audiometry?

A

Measurement of hearing

59
Q

What is electronystagmography (ENG)?

A

A method for recording eye movements by means of electrical responses;

60
Q

What is otorhinolaryngology (ORL)?

A

The branch of medicine that deals with disease of the ears, nose, and throat

61
Q

What is a otoscope?

A

Instrument for examining the ear

62
Q

What is Rinne test?

A

Test that measures hearing by comparing results of bone conduction and air conduction

63
Q

What is spondee?

A

A two syllable word with equal stress on each syllable; used in hearing tests;

64
Q

What is weber tests?

A

Test for hearing loss that uses a vibrating tuning fork placed at the center of the head.

65
Q

What does the root Blephar/o mean?

A

Eyelid

66
Q

What does the root palpebr/o mean?

A

Eyelid

67
Q

What does the root dacry/o mean?

A

Tear, lacrimal apparatus

68
Q

What does the root dacryocyst/o mean?

A

Lacrimal Sac

69
Q

What does the root Lacrim/o mean?

A

Tear, lacrimal apparatus

70
Q

What does the root Opt/o mean?

A

Eye, vision

71
Q

What does the root Ocul/o mean?

A

Eye

72
Q

What does the root ophtalm/o mean?

A

Eye

73
Q

What does the root Scler/o mean?

A

Sclera

74
Q

What does the root Corne/o mean?

A

Cornea

75
Q

What does the root Kerat/o mean?

A

Cornea

76
Q

What does the root lent/i mean?

A

Lens

77
Q

What does the root phak/o phac/o mean?

A

Lens

78
Q

What does the root uve/o mean?

A

Uvea

79
Q

What does the root chori/o choroid/o mean?

A

choroid

80
Q

What does the root cycl/o mean?

A

ciliary body, ciliary muscle

81
Q

What does the root ir/o irt/o irid/omean?

A

iris

82
Q

What does the root pupill/o mean?

A

Pupil

83
Q

What does the root retin/o mean?

A

retina

84
Q

What does the suffix -opsia mean?

A

condition of vision

85
Q

What does the suffix -opiamean?

A

conditions of eye, vision

86
Q

What is accommodation?

A

Adjustment of the lens’s curvature to allow for vision at various distances

87
Q

What is aqueous humor?

A

Fluid that fills the eye anterior to the lens

88
Q

What is the choroid?

A

The dark, vascular, middle layer of the eye

89
Q

What is the ciliary body?

A

The muscular portion of the uvea that surrounds the lends and adjusts its shape for near and far vision

90
Q

What is the cone?

A

A specialized cell in the retina that responds to light; cones have high visual acuity, function in bright light, and responds to colors

91
Q

What is conjunctiva?

A

The mucous membrane that liens the eyelids and covers the eyeballs anterior surface

92
Q

What is convergence?

A

Coordinated movement of the eyes towards fixation on the same point

93
Q

What is the cornea?

A

The clear, anterior porition of the sclera

94
Q

What is the fovea?

A

The tiny depression in the retina that is the point of sharpest vision

95
Q

What is the iris?

A

The muscular colored ring between the lens and the cornea; regulates the amount of light that enters the eye by altering the size of the pupil at its center

96
Q

What is the lacrimal gland?

A

A gland above the eye that produces tears

97
Q

What is the lens?

A

The transparent, biconvex structure in the anterior portion of the eye that refracts light and functions in acommodation

98
Q

What is the macula?

A

A small spot or colored area; used alone to mean the yellowish spot in the retina that contains the fovea

99
Q

What is the optic disk?

A

The point where the optic nerve joins the retina; at this point there are no rods or cones; also called the blind spot

100
Q

What is the orbit?

A

The bony cavity that contains the eyeball

101
Q

What is the palpebra?

A

An eyelid

102
Q

What is the pupil?

A

The opening at the center of the iris

103
Q

What refraction?

A

The bending of light rays as they pass through the eye to focus on a specific point on the retina

104
Q

What is the retina?

A

The innermost, light sensitive layer of the eye; contains the rods and cones, the specialized receptors for vision

105
Q

What is the rod?

A

A specialized cell in the retina of the eye that responds to light; rods have low visual acuity, function in dim light, and do not discriminate color

106
Q

What is the sclera?

A

The tough, white, fibrous outmost layer of the eye; the white of the eye

107
Q

What is the uvea?

A

The middle, vascular layer of the eye

108
Q

What is visual acuity?

A

Sharpness of vision

109
Q

What is vitreous body?

A

The transparent jelly like mass that fills the main cavity of the eyeball; also called vitreous humor

110
Q

What is age related macular degeneration(AMD)?

A

Deterioration of the macula associated with aging; macular degeneration impairs central vision

111
Q

What is astigmatism?

A

A error of refraction caused by irregularity in the curvature of the cornea or lens

112
Q

What is cataract?

A

Opacity of the lens of the eye

113
Q

What is conjunctivitis?

A

Inflammation of the conjunctiva; pink eye

114
Q

What is diabetic retinopathy?

A

Degenerative changes in the retina associated with diabetes mellitus

115
Q

What is glaucoma?

A

A disease of the eye caused by increased intraocular pressure that damages the optic disk and causes loss of vision. usually results from faulty fluid drainage from the anterior portion of the eye

116
Q

What is hyperopia?

A

An error of refraction in which light rays focus behind the retina and objects can be seen clearly only when far from the eye; farsightedness

117
Q

What is myopia?

A

Nearsightedness; An error of refraction in which the rays focus in the front of the retina and objects can be seen clearly only when very close

118
Q

What is ophthalmia neonatorum?

A

Severe conjunctivitis usually caused by infection with gonococcus during birth

119
Q

What is phacoemulsification?

A

Removal of cataract by ultrasonic destruction and extraction of the lens

120
Q

What is prebyopia?

A

Changes in the eye that occur with age; the lens loses elasticity and the ability to accommodate for near vision

121
Q

What is retinal detachment?

A

Separation of the retina from the underlying layer of the eye

MEDT 211 (16 decks)

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