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MEDT 211 > Chapter 3 Disease and treatment > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Disease and treatment Flashcards

1
Q

What is the does the root Alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o mean? Provide an example.

A

Pain. Example: Agesia, condition of having pain

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2
Q

What is the does the root carcin/o mean? Provide an example.

A

Cancer, carcinoma. Example: carcinoid, resembling a carcinoma

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3
Q

What is the does the root Cyst/o mean? Provide an example.

A

filled sac or pouch, cyst, bladder. Example: Cystic, pertaining to having cysts

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4
Q

What is the does the root lith/o mean? Provide an example.

A

Calculus, stone. Example: lithiasis, Stone formation

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5
Q

What is the does the root Onc/o mean? Provide an example.

A

Tumor. Example: oncogenic, causing a tumor

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6
Q

What is the does the root Path/o mean? Provide an example.

A

Disease. Example: Pathogen, organism that produces disease

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7
Q

What is the does the root py/o mean? Provide an example.

A

Pus. Example: pyocyst, cyst filled with pus

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8
Q

What is the does the root pyr/o, pyret/o mean? Provide an example.

A

Fever, fire. Example: pyrexia, meaning fever

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9
Q

What is the does the root Scler/o mean? Provide an example.

A

Hard. Example: sclerosis, hardening of tissue

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10
Q

What is the does the root Tox/o Toxic/o mean? Provide an example.

A

Poison. Example: Endotoxin, toxin within bacterial cells

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11
Q

What is the does the prefix for brady- mean? Provide an example.

A

Slow. Example: bradypnea, meaning slow breathing (-pnea) rate

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12
Q

What is the does the prefix for dys- mean? Provide an example.

A

Abnormal, painful, difficult. Example: dysplasia, abnormal development (plas) of tissue

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13
Q

What is the does the prefix for Mal- mean? Provide an example.

A

Bad, poor. Example: Malabsorption, poor absorption of nutrients

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14
Q

What is the does the prefix for pachy- mean? Provide an example.

A

Thick. Example: pachycephaly, Poor absorption of nutrients

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15
Q

What is the does the prefix for tachy- mean? Provide an example.

A

Rapid. Example: tachycardia, rapid heart rate

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16
Q

What is the does the prefix for Xero- mean? Provide an example.

A

Dry. Example Xeroderma, dryness of the skin

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17
Q

What is the does the suffixes for -algia, - algesia mean? Provide an example.

A

Pain. Example: neuralgia, pain in the nerve

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18
Q

What is the does the suffix for cele mean? Provide an example.

A

Hernia, localized dilation. Example: Gastrocele, hernia of the stomach

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19
Q

What is the does the prefix for -clasis -clasia mean? Provide an example.

A

Breaking. Example: karyoclasis, breaking of a nucleus

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20
Q

What is the does the prefix for -itis mean? Provide an example.

A

Inflammation. Example: cystitis, inflammation of the urinary bladder

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21
Q

What is the does the suffix for -megaly mean? Provide an example.

A

Enlargement. Example: Hepatomegaly, enlargement of the liver

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22
Q

What is the does the prefix for -Odynia mean? Provide an example.

A

Pain. Example: urodynia, pain on urination

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23
Q

What is the does the suffix for -oma mean? Provide an example.

A

Tumor. Example: lipoma, tumor of fat cells

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24
Q

What is the does the prefix for -pathy mean? Provide an example.

A

Any disease of. Example: nephropathy, any disease of the kidney

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25
Q

What is the does the prefix for -rhage -rhagia mean? Provide an example.

A

Bursting forth, profuse flow, hemorrhage. Example: hemorrhage, profuse flow of blood

Don’t forget to double the r when adding this suffix to a root

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26
Q

What is the does the prefix for -rhea mean? Provide an example.

A

flow, discharge. Example: pyorrhea, discharge of pus

** don’t forget to double the r when adding suffix to a root

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27
Q

What is the does the suffix for -rhexist mean? Provide an example.

A

Rupture. Example: amniorrhexis, rupture of the amniotic sac

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28
Q

What is the does the prefix for -schisis mean? Provide an example.

A

Fissure, splitting. Example: retionoschisis, splitting of the retina of the eye

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29
Q

What is the does the suffix for -dilation mean? Provide an example.

A

Expansion, widening. Example Vasodilation, widening of blood vessels

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30
Q

What is the does the prefix for -ectasia, -ectasis mean? Provide an example.

A

dilation, dilatation, distension. Example: gastrectasia, dilation of the stomach

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31
Q

What is the does the suffix for -Edema mean? Provide an example.

A

Accumulation of fluid, swelling. Example: Cephaledema, swelling of the head

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32
Q

What is the does the suffix for -lysis mean? Provide an example.

A

Separation, loosening, dissolving, destruction. Example: dialysis, separation of substance by passage through a membrane

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33
Q

What is the does the suffix for -malacia mean? Provide an example.

A

Softening. Example: craniomalacia softening of the skull

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34
Q

What is the does the prefix for -necrosis mean? Provide an example.

A

Death of tissue. Example: osteonecrosis, death of bone tissue

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35
Q

What is the does the suffix for -ptosis mean? Provide an example.

A

Dropping, downward displacement, prolapse. Example Blepharoptosis, dropping or drooping of the eyelid (blephar/o)

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36
Q

What is the does the suffix for -sclerosis mean? Provide an example.

A

Hardening. Example, phlebosclerosis, hardening of the veins

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37
Q

What is the does the suffix for -spasm mean? Provide an example.

A

Sudden contraction, cramp. Example: anteriospasm, spasm of an artery

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38
Q

What is the does the prefix for -stasis mean? Provide an example.

A

Supression, stoppage. Example: menostasis, supression of menstrual flow

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39
Q

What is the does the suffix for -stenosis mean? Provide an example.

A

Narrowing, constriction. Example, bronchostenosis, narrowing of broncus

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40
Q

What does the suffix for -toxin mean? Provide an example.

A

Poison. Example: Nephrotoxin, substance poisonous or harmful for the kidneys

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41
Q

What does the root aer/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Air, gas. Example: aerobic, pertaining to or requiring air

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42
Q

What does the root bar/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Pressure. Example: barometer, instrument used to measure pressure

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43
Q

What does the root chrom/o chrimat/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Color, stain. Example: chromatic, having color

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44
Q

What does the root Chron/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Time. Example Chronologic, arranged according to the time of occurrence

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45
Q

What does the root Cry/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Cold. Example: cryoprobe, instrument used to apply extreme cold

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46
Q

What does the root electr/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Electricity. Example: Electrolysis, decomposition of a substance by means of electric current

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47
Q

What does the root erg/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Work. Example: synergistic, working together with increased effect, such as certain drugs in combination

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48
Q

What does the root phon/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Sound, voice. Example: phonograph, instrument used to reproduce sound

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49
Q

What does the root phot/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Light. Example photoreaction, response to light

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50
Q

What does the root radi/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Radiation, x-ray. Example radiology, study and use of radiation

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51
Q

What does the root son/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Sound. Example sonogram, record obtained by used of ultrasound

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52
Q

What does the root therm/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Heat, temperature. Example, hypothermia, abnormally low body temperature

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53
Q

What does the suffix -desis mean? Also what is an example?

A

Binding, fusion, Example: pleurodesis, binding of the pleura

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54
Q

What does the suffix -ectomy mean? Also what is an example?

A

Excision, surgical removal. Example: Hepatectomy, excision of liver tissue

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55
Q

What does the suffix -pexy mean? Also what is an example?

A

Surgical fixation. Example: hysteropexy, surgical fixation of the uterus

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56
Q

What does the suffix -plasty mean? Also what is an example?

A

Plastic repair, plastic surgery, reconstruction. Example: rhinoplasty, plastic surgery of the nose

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57
Q

What does the suffix -rhaphy mean? Also what is an example?

A

Surgical repair, suture. Example: herniorrhaphy, surgical repair of a hernia

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58
Q

What does the suffix -stomy mean? Also what is an example?

A

Surgical creation of an opening. Example: tracheostomy, creation of an opening into the trachea

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59
Q

What does the suffix -tome mean? Also what is an example?

A

Instrument for incising (cutting). Example: microtome, instrument for cutting thin sections of tissue for microscopic study

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60
Q

What does the suffix -tomy mean? Also what is an example?

A

Incision, cutting. Example: laparotomy, surgical incision of the abdomen

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61
Q

What does the suffix -tripsy mean? Also what is an example?

A

Crushing. Example: neurotripsy, crushing of a nerve

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62
Q

What does the suffix -lytic mean? Also what is an example?

A

Dissolving, reducing, loosening. Example: Thrombolytic, agent that dissolves a blood clot

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63
Q

What does the suffix -mimetic mean? Also what is an example?

A

Mimicking, simulating. Example: sympathomimetic, mimicking the effects of the sympathetic nervous system

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64
Q

What does the suffix -tropic mean? Also what is an example?

A

Acting on. Example: psychotropic, acting on the mind

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65
Q

What does the prefix anti- mean? Also what is an example?

A

Against, Example: antiemetic, drug that prevents vomiting

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66
Q

What does the prefix contra- mean? Also what is an example?

A

Oppose. Example: contraceptive, preventing conception

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67
Q

What does the prefix counter- mean? Also what is an example?

A

opposite. Example: countertransport, movement in an opposite direction

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68
Q

What does the root alg/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Pain. Example: algesia, sense of pain

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69
Q

What does the root hypn/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Sleep. Example: hypnosis, induced state of sleep

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70
Q

What does the root narc/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Stupor. Example Narcotic, agent that induces a state of stupor with decreased sensation

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71
Q

What does the root pharm/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

drug, medicine. Example: Pharmacy, the science of preparing and dispensing drugs, or the place where these activities occur

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72
Q

What does the root pyr/o mean? Also what is an example?

A

Fever, Example: antipyretic, Counteracting fever

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73
Q

Neoplasia is what?

A

Uncontrolled growth tissue

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74
Q

A prolapse organ has what?

A

Dropped down

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75
Q

Trauma is what?

A

Injury

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76
Q

Death of tissue is termed what?

A

Necrosis

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77
Q

The etology of a disease is what?

A

Cause

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78
Q

A toxin is what?

A

Poison

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79
Q

A neoplasm that spreads to other parts of the body is described as what?

A

Malignant

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80
Q

A adenocarcinoma is a tumor of what?

A

Gland

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81
Q

A cancer of muscle or connective tissue is termed what?

A

Sarcoma

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82
Q

A sudden and severe disease of short duration is described as what?

A

Acute

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83
Q

A cyst is what?

A

Filled sac or pouch

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84
Q

A hernia is what?

A

Protrusion of an organ through an abnormal opening

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85
Q

A lesion is what?

A

Wound

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86
Q

Metastasis is what?

A

Spreading of cancer

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87
Q

Any organism capable of causing disease is what?

A

Pathogen

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88
Q

Sepsis is caused by what?

A

Microorganisms

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89
Q

Cystitis is what?

A

Inflammation of the bladder

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90
Q

An antipyretic is used to do what?

A

Reduce fever

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91
Q

An analgesic is used to do what?

A

Reduce pain

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92
Q

Adenopathy is what?

A

Any disease of a gland

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93
Q

An endotoxin is what?

A

Poison found within a cell

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94
Q

An oncologist specializes in the study and treatment of what?

A

Tumors

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95
Q

Arterioscelerosis is what?

A

Hardening of the arteries

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96
Q

Pain in the stomach is what?

A

Gastralgia

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97
Q

A carcinogen produces what?

A

Cancer

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98
Q

The opposite of tachycardia is what?

A

Bradycardia

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99
Q

Xerotic conditions are what?

A

Dry

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100
Q

In pachycephaly, the skull is what?

A

Thick

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101
Q

A lipoma is what?

A

Fatty tumor

102
Q

In osteoclasis, a bone is what?

A

Broken

103
Q

The term hepatorrhexis describes?

A

Rupture of the liver

104
Q

In retinoschisis, the retina of the eye is what?

A

Split

105
Q

A word that means enlargement of the spleen is what?

A

Splenomegaly

106
Q

Hepatomalacia is what?

A

Softening of the liver

107
Q

Tracheostenosis is what?

A

Narrowing of the trachea

108
Q

A word that means separation, dissolving, or destruction is what?

A

Lysis

109
Q

A word for swelling caused by accumulation of fluid is what?

A

Edema

110
Q

A synonym for dilation is what?

A

Ectasia

111
Q

In blepharoptosis, the eyelids do what?

A

Droop

112
Q

The word stasis means what?

A

stoppage

113
Q

Mycology is the study of what?

A

Fungi

114
Q

Chlamydia and rickettsia are types of what?

A

Bacteria

115
Q

A stain commonly used in microbiology is named for what?

A

Gram

116
Q

A disease that has no known cause is described as what?

A

Idiopathic

117
Q

A nosocomial infection is acquired where?

A

In a hospital

118
Q

The terms purulent, suppuration, and abscess pertain to what?

A

Pus

119
Q

Material that escapes from blood vessels as a result of injury is what?

A

Exudate

120
Q

Examination by touching the surface of the body is what?

A

Palpation

121
Q

Auscultation is accomplished with what?

A

A stethoscope

122
Q

An otoscope is used to examine what?

A

Ears

123
Q

Biopsy is what?

A

Removal of tissue for microscopic examination

124
Q

Staging is what?

A

A system used to evaluate tumors

125
Q

The letters TNM relate to what?

A

Staging

126
Q

A symptom is what?

A

Evidence of a disease

127
Q

A method for learning control of involuntary responses is called what?

A

Biofeedback

128
Q

The term hyperbaric refers to what?

A

Increased pressure

129
Q

Cyrotherapy is treatment with what?

A

Cold

130
Q

A chronic disease is does what?

A

persists over a long period of time

131
Q

A chromophilic substance does what?

A

Attracts color

132
Q

A phonostethograph does what?

A

Records chest sounds

133
Q

A photosensitive person is reactive to what?

A

Light

134
Q

A sonogram is also called what?

A

Echogram

135
Q

A homeotermic animal retains the same what?

A

Temperature

136
Q

An aerobic organism requires what?

A

Oxygen

137
Q

A calorimeter does what?

A

Measures calories

138
Q

A bronchoscope is a type of what?

A

Endoscope

139
Q

A radiograph is made with what?

A

X-rays

140
Q

Laparoscopy is what?

A

Examination of the abdomen

141
Q

Binding of pleural membranes is called what?

A

Pleurodesis

142
Q

Lithotripsy is what?

A

Crushing of a stone

143
Q

Arthroplasty is what?

A

Plastic repair of a joint

144
Q

In gastropexy, the stomach is what?

A

Surgically fixed

145
Q

In hepatorrhaphy, the liver is what?

A

Repaired

146
Q

In an adenectomy

A

A gland is removed

147
Q

The term for creating an opening into the trachea is what?

A

Tracheostomy

148
Q

Diaphoresis is what?

A

Profuse sweating

149
Q

Sequelae are what?

A

The lasting effects of a disease

150
Q

Syncope is what?

A

Fainting

151
Q

Malaise is what?

A

A vague feeling of discomfort

152
Q

Prevention of disease is what?

A

Prophylaxis

153
Q

A catheter is what?

A

A thin tube

154
Q

Lavage is what?

A

Washing

155
Q

C and S stands for culture and sensitivity, a test done on what?

A

Bacteria

156
Q

When the order is NPO, the patient

A

May not eat or drink

157
Q

Analphylaxis is what?

A

Particularly severe allergic reaction

158
Q

Another term for synergy is what?

A

Potentiation

159
Q

Another term for brand name is what?

A

Proprietary name

160
Q

The generic name of a drug is what?

A

The chemical name of the drug

161
Q

Phytomedicine is what?

A

Herbal medicine

162
Q

A drug antagonist does what?

A

Interferes with drug action

163
Q

The efficiency of a drug is its

A

Effectiveness

164
Q

A thrombolytic drug does what?

A

Dissolves blood clots

165
Q

The ending of the word sympathomimetic means what?

A

Simulating

166
Q

The prefix in the words antidote, anticoagulant, and anticonvulsant means what?

A

Against

167
Q

When a drug is contraindicated, it is?

A

Not recommended for treatment

168
Q

A hypnotic drug is one that does what?

A

Induces sleep

169
Q

A pyrogen is a substance that causes what?

A

Fever

170
Q

A toxicologist studies what?

A

poisons

171
Q

An analgesic is used to reduce what?

A

Pain

172
Q

A toxicologist studies what?

A

Poisons

173
Q

An analgesic is used to reduce what?

A

Pain

174
Q

A word that means acting on the gonads is what?

A

Gonadotropic

175
Q

The study of drugs is what?

A

Pharmacology

176
Q

An antiemetic acts to do what?

A

Prevent vomiting

177
Q

An antihypertensive drug does what?

A

Decreases blood pressure

178
Q

NSAIDs are a class of what?

A

Anti- inflammatory drugs

179
Q

An antineoplastic drug does what?

A

Destroys cancer cells

180
Q

Antiarrhythmics, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers act on what?

A

Heart

181
Q

Proton pump inhibitors act on what?

A

digestive system

182
Q

A psychotropic drugs acts on what?

A

Mind

183
Q

An antitussive drug acts to do what?

A

Suppress coughing

184
Q

An expectorant drug does what?

A

Induces coughing

185
Q

Evening primrose oil and flax seeds are used to provide what?

A

Fatty acids

186
Q

Aloe, echinacea, slippery elm bark are used to treat what?

A

Skin irratation

187
Q

A drug given by the transdermal route is placed where?

A

On the surface of the skin

188
Q

An aqueous solution is made in what?

A

Water

189
Q

A subcutaneous injection is given where?

A

Under the skin

190
Q

When tissue undergoes necrosis it does what?

A

It dies

191
Q

A disease that affects many people in a given region at the same time is what?

A

Epidemic

192
Q

Sepsis is what?

A

Infection

193
Q

When a neoplasm metastasizes it does what?

A

Spreads

194
Q

Sclerosis is what?

A

Hardening

195
Q

Helminths are what?

A

Worms

196
Q

A pyocyst contains what?

A

Pus

197
Q

Bronchiectasis is what?

A

Widening of a bronchus

198
Q

A bacillus has the shape of what?

A

Rod

199
Q

Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is what?

A

Ascites

200
Q

Round bacteria is what?

A

Cocci

201
Q

Edematous tissue is what?

A

Swollen

202
Q

A slow heart rate is termed what?

A

Bradycardia

203
Q

Softening of bone is called what?

A

Osteomalacia

204
Q

Urodynia is what?

A

Pain or urination

205
Q

Which syllable has the primary accent in antipyretic?

A

Ret

206
Q

Which syllable has the primary accent in empyema?

A

E

207
Q

White cells get rid of harmful organisms by the process of what?

A

Phagocytosis

208
Q

The word ptosis describes what?

A

Prolapse

209
Q

A disease acquired in a hospital is described as what?

A

Nosocomial

210
Q

Bacteremia means presence of bacteria in what?

A

The blood

211
Q

Percussion is what?

A

Tapping the body and listening to the sounds produced

212
Q

When tissue is excised it is what?

A

Surgically removed

213
Q

Treatment by insertion of thin needles into the body at specific points is what?

A

Acupuncture

214
Q

A hemostat is used in surgery to do what?

A

Stop blood loss

215
Q

When no signs of cancer remain, the cancer is said to be in what?

A

Remission

216
Q

To unite parts by stitching them together is to do what?

A

Suture

217
Q

Hypothermia is what?

A

Low body temperature

218
Q

An ergometer measures what?

A

Work

219
Q

Sonography produces images by what?

A

Ultrasound

220
Q

A herniorrhaphy is what?

A

Surgical repair of a hernia

221
Q

Clubbing affects what?

A

The fingers and toes

222
Q

A sphygmomanometer measures what?

A

Blood pressure

223
Q

The use of chemicals to treat disease is called what?

A

Chemotherapy

224
Q

An electroencephalograph measures electrical activity of what?

A

The brain

225
Q

Surgical fixation of the stomach is called what?

A

Gastropexy

226
Q

Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin due to the lack of what?

A

Oxygen

227
Q

Arthrodesis is what?

A

fusion of a joint

228
Q

Which syllable has the primary accent in prognosis?

A

No

229
Q

Healthcare that treats all aspects of a person is termed what?

A

Holistic

230
Q

Prediction of disease outcome is what?

A

Prognosis

231
Q

Aversion to light is what?

A

Photophobia

232
Q

Treatment that provides relief, but not a cure is what?

A

Palliative

233
Q

Puncture of a joint is what?

A

Arthrocentesis

234
Q

An anxiolytic drug does what?

A

Reduces anxiety

235
Q

The term vasomotor pertains to what?

A

Changes in the vessels

236
Q

An anticoagulant does what?

A

Prevents blood clotting

237
Q

Insulin, Humulin, Glucotrol are what?

A

Antidiabetics

238
Q

An antineoplastic agent is active against what?

A

Cancer

239
Q

A drug that promotes water excretion from the kidneys is what?

A

Diuretic

240
Q

A thrombolytic drug targets what?

A

Blood clots

241
Q

Pregnancy can be prevented using what?

A

Contraceptive

242
Q

Epinephrine, phenylephrine, and pseudoephedrine are what?

A

adrenergic

243
Q

Antihypertensive medications are used to do what?

A

lower blood pressure

244
Q

A hypolipidemic drug is used to do what?

A

Lower cholesterol

245
Q

A psychotropic drug is used to treat what type of disorder?

A

Mental

246
Q

Antibiotics are effect against what?

A

Bacteria

247
Q

An unintended outcome of drug use is what?

A

Side effects

248
Q

Combined drug action is greater effect is called what?

A

Synergy

249
Q

The nonproprietary name of a drug is its?

A

Generic name

250
Q

Histamine antagonist and proton pump inhibitors are used to treat what type of disorders?

A

Gastrointestinal

MEDT 211 (16 decks)

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