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MEDT 211 > Chapter 14 Urinary system > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Urinary system Flashcards

1
Q

What does the root Ren/o mean?

A

Kidney

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2
Q

What does the root Nephr/o mean?

A

Kidney

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3
Q

What does the root Glomerul/o mean?

A

Glomerulus

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4
Q

What does the root pyel/o mean?

A

Renal pelvis

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5
Q

What does the root Cali/o Calic/o mean?

A

Calyx

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6
Q

What does the root ur/o mean?

A

Urine

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7
Q

What does the root urin/o mean?

A

Urine

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8
Q

What does the root ureter/o mean?

A

Ureter

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9
Q

What does the root Cyst/o mean?

A

Urinary Bladder

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10
Q

What does the root Vesic/o mean?

A

Urinary bladder

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11
Q

What does the root Urethr/o mean?

A

Urethra

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12
Q

Renin is an enzyme that activates?

A

Angiotensin

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13
Q

A hormone from the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production is what?

A

Erythropoietin

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14
Q

The outer region of an organ is what?

A

Cortex

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15
Q

Angiotensin acts to do what?

A

Increase blood pressure

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16
Q

The active units of the kidney are what?

A

Nephrons

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17
Q

The glomerulus is what?

A

A cluster of capillaries that filter blood

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18
Q

The material that leaves the blood and enters the nephron makes up what?

A

Glomerular filtrate

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19
Q

The main nitrogenous waste in urine is what?

A

urea

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20
Q

A hormone that acts to concentrate the urine is what?

A

Antidiuretic hormone

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21
Q

The tube between the kidney and the bladder is what?

A

ureter

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22
Q

Micturition is what?

A

Another term for urination

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23
Q

Perirenal means what?

A

Around the kidney

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24
Q

Nephropathy is what?

A

Any disease of the kidney

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25
Something that is harmful for the kidney is described as what?
Nephrotoxic
26
The juxtaglomerular region is where?
Near the glomerulus
27
The trigone is what?
A triangle at the base of the bladder
28
Pyelextasis is what?
Dilation of the ureter's upper portion
29
The term calicectomy means what?
Surgical removal of the calyx
30
Pyelonephritis is what?
Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney
31
Oliguria is what?
Excretion of a decreased amount of urine
32
Accumulation of fluid in the ureter is what?
Hydroureter
33
The term transurethral means what?
Through the urethra
34
A urethrotome is used to do what?
incise the urethra
35
Painful or difficult urination is what?
Dysuria
36
Cystotomy is what?
Incision of the urinary bladder
37
Ureteropyeloplasty is what?
Plastic repair of the ureter and renal pelvis
38
The root for the term prevesiical means what?
Urinary bladder
39
A cystocele is what?
Hernia of the bladder
40
A cystoscope is used to do what?
Examine the bladder
41
Pyuria is the presence of what?
Pus in the urine
42
Natriuria is what?
Sodium in the urine
43
Casts are what?
Small molds of the kidney tubules
44
A method for removing waste materials from the blood is what?
Hemodialysis
45
A hormone that regulates electrolyte excretion is what?
Aldosterone
46
A diuretic acts to do what?
Increase excretion of urine
47
Epispadias and hypospadias are what?
Abnormal openings of the urethra
48
Polydipsia is what?
Excessive thirst
49
An anion gap test indicates what?
An electrolyte imbalance
50
IVP, IVU, and KUB are what?
Radiographic tests
51
BUN is a measure of what?
uremia
52
GFR and Tm are measures of what?
Kidney activity
53
The enzyme renin acts to do what?
Raise blood pressure
54
Angiotensin raises blood pressure by causing what?
Vasoconstriction
55
The renal pelvis is what?
The upper part of the ureter
56
The structure around a glomerulus is what?
The glomerular capsule
57
The pituitary hormone that helps to regulate water balance is what?
ADH
58
Materials are returned from the kidney to the blood by the process of what?
Tubular reabsorption
59
Micturition is what?
Voiding of urine
60
A suprarenal structure is located where?
Above the kidney
61
Calicectasis is what?
Dilation of a renal calyx
62
A Pyelogram is what?
Radiograph of the renal pelvis
63
Ureterostenosis is what?
Narrowing of a ureter
64
An intravesical stone is located where?
Within the bladder
65
Transurethral is what?
Through the urethra
66
Urinary stasis is what?
lack of urine flow
67
Hyperkalemia is what?
High levels of potassium in the urine
68
Ileal conduit is what?
Removal of the ileum
69
In cases of azoturia, there is what?
Excess nitrogen in the urine
70
Creatinine is what?
By product of muscle metabolism
71
A Wilms tumor involves what?
Kidney
72
Red blood cell production is stimulated by the kidney hormone what?
Erythropoietin
73
The renal medulla is divided into what?
pyramids
74
Filtration takes place where?
Glomerulus
75
The main waste material excreted from the kidneys is what?
Urea
76
Each kidney is connected to the bladder by what?
Ureter
77
Softening of the kidney is termed?
Nephrectasis
78
Glomerulonephritis is caused specifically by what?
An immunologic reaction
79
Failure of the kidneys to eliminate sodium leads to what?
Hypernatremia
80
Nocturia means what?
Urination during the night
81
Which syllable has the primary accent in antidiuretic?
ret
82
Which syllable has the primary accent in angiotensin?
Ten
83
Which syllable has the primary accent in micturition
rish
84
Which syllable has the primary accent in hypoproteinemia
ne
85
Which syllable has the primary accent in hypernatremia?
Tre
86
Which syllable has the primary accent in pyelonephritis?
Fri
87
Which syllable has the primary accent in uropoiesis?
E
88
Which syllable has the primary accent in ureterotomy?
Ot
89
Which syllable has the primary accent in Ureterostenosis?
no
90
The renal artery and vein circulate blood to what?
Kidney
91
Pyelectasis is the dilation of what?
renal pelvis
92
The glomerular capsule and the proximal and distal tubules are part of what?
Nephron
93
A hormone that regulates excretion is what?
ADH
94
Excess potassium in the blood is what?
Hyperkalemia
95
A lithotomy is done to remove what?
Calculus
96
A word that means "near the glomerulus" is what?
Juxtaglomerular

MEDT 211 (16 decks)

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