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Chemistry > Chapter 8 - Reactivity series > Flashcards

Chapter 8 - Reactivity series Flashcards

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1
Q

List the order of the reactivity series

A 
Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron
Copper
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2
Q

What is the equation when a metal reacts with water?

A

metal + water ——> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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3
Q

What is the balanced equation for potassium and calcium with water ?

A

2 K + 2 H20 ——> 2 KOH + H2

Ca + 2 H2O ———-> Mg(OH)2 + H2

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4
Q

What is observed when magnesium reacts with water ?

A

a few bubbles of gas over a long time

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5
Q

What is the equation when a metal reacts with steam ?

A

metal + steam —> metal oxide + hydrogen

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6
Q

What are the observations when magnesium reacts with steam ?

A
  • bright white light
  • white solid formed
  • heat is given out
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7
Q

What are the observations when aluminium reacts with steam ?

A
  • powdered aluminium reacts to give white solid

- heat is given out

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8
Q

What are the observations when zinc reacts with steam ?

A
  • powdered zinc reacts to form a yellow solid

- heat is given out

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9
Q

What are the observations when iron reacts with steam ?

A
  • powdered iron reacts to form a black solid
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10
Q

Give the balanced equation for iron and aluminium reacting with steam

A

3Fe + 4 H2O (g) ——–> Fe3O4 + 4 H2

2Al + 3 H20 ———–> Al2O3 + 3 H2

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11
Q

What is the general equation when a metal reacts with the air ?

A

metal + oxygen ——-> metal oxide

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12
Q

What are the observations when potassium reacts with the air ?

A
  • burns with a lilac flame producing a white solid
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13
Q

What are the observations when sodium reacts with the air ?

A
  • burns with a yellow flame producing a white solid
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14
Q

What are the observations when calcium reacts with the air ?

A
  • burns with a red flame producing a white solid
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15
Q

What are the observations when magnesium reacts with the air ?

A
  • burns with a white light producing a white solid
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16
Q

What are the observations when aluminium reacts with the air ?

A
  • burns only when finely powdered producing a white flame
17
Q

What are the observations when zinc reacts with the air ?

A
  • burns producing a yellow solid which becomes white on cooling
18
Q

What are the observations when iron reacts with the air ?

A
  • iron fillings bur with orange sparks producing a black solid
19
Q

What are the observations when copper reacts with the air ?

A
  • red brown copper glows red, there is a blue-green flame and it becomes covered with a black layer
20
Q

What happens when a meta reacts with water?

A

the metal atoms lose electrons and form positive metal ions

21
Q

Are the metals at the top or the bottom of the reactivity series more likely to lose electrons ?

A

The metals at the top

22
Q

When does a displacement reaction occur ?

A

A displacement reaction occurs when a more reactive meal takes the place of a less reactive metal in a compound

23
Q

What are some observations of displacement reactions with copper ?

A
  • heat is released
  • red-brown solid copper is deposited
  • blue colour of the copper ion solution fades
24
Q

What are ‘native’ elements ?

A

metals such as gold and platinum are found naturally as the element and uncombined with anything else

25
Q

What is an ore ?

A

An ore is a rock that contains a metal compound from which the metal can be extracted

26
Q

What is the removal of oxygen with metals called ?

A

reduction

27
Q

What are the two methods of extraction of metals from ores ?

A
  • electrolysis

- reduction using carbon

28
Q

What metals use electrolysis as a method of extraction ?

A
  • potassium
  • sodium
  • calcium
  • magnesium
  • aluminium
29
Q

What metals use reduction of the ore by heating with carbon as a method of extraction ?

A
  • zinc
  • iron
  • copper
30
Q

What is the definition of Phytomining ?

A

Phytomining is the use of plants to absorb metal compounds from soil as part of metal extraction

31
Q

Explain how phytomining is carried out .

A
  • plants are grown on ground containing low grade metal ores
  • the plants are harvested , dried and burned to produce ash rich in metal compound
  • an acid is added to the ash and the insoluble metal compounds react
  • this produces a solution containing soluble copper compounds called “leachate”
  • add iron to the leachate and a displacement reaction will occur e.g to displace copper
32
Q

What are the advantages of phytomining ?

A
  • better for the environment

- produces energy when the plants are burned

33
Q

What are the disadvantages of phytomining ?

A
  • slow process (plants take long to grow)

Chemistry (22 decks)

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