Chapter 11 - Equilibrium Flashcards
Whats a reversible reaction ?
A reversible reaction is one in which the products , once made, can react and reform the reactants.
What is a closed system ?
A closed system is one where no substances can get in or out
What are the conditions for dynamic equilibrium to occur ?
- a closed system
- when the rates of the forward reaction = rate of reverse reaction
- when the amounts of reactants and products remain constant
What does Le Chatelier’s principle state ?
It states that if a change is made to the conditions of a system at equilibrium, then the position of the equilibrium moves to oppose that change in conditions
How does changing the concentration affect equilibrium ?
- if too much is added the EQ position moves to remove it
- if some is taken out the EQ will move to produce more of it
How does changing the temperature affect equilibrium ?
- to increase the temp the EQ moves in the exothermic direction
- to decrease the temperature the EQ moves in the endothermic direction
How does changing the pressure affect equilibrium ?
- if the pressure is too much the equilibrium will move to the side with the least gas molecules
- if the pressure is too little the equilibrium will move to the side with the most gas molecules
Why is the use of high pressure very expensive ?
- the high cost of thick pipes and equipment
- the high energy costs in compressing the gases
What’s the balanced symbol equation for the haber process ?
N2 + 3H2 <=> 2NH3
What are the conditions used in industry for the Haber process ?
- 450*C
- 200 atm pressure
- iron catalyst
What affect does a catalyst have on a reaction ?
A catalyst has no effect on a reaction
Why is a compromise temperature used in the Haber process ?
to give a reasonable rate of production and a reasonable yield
