Chapter 8 Questions Flashcards
What 3 groups are joints
Fribrous cartilaginous synovial
What are immovable joints called
Synarthrotic
What are slightly moveable joints
Aphiarothrotic
Freely moveable joints?
Diarthrotic
What are the 6 synovial joints
Ball and socket (spheroidal). Condylar( ellipsoidal). Plane( gliding). Hinge. Pivot (trochoid). Saddle.
What joint is when the ball shaped head of one bone articulates with cup shaped socket of another. Found in the shoulder and hip
Ball and socket
What joint permits multiaxial movement
Ball and socket
What joint has an oval shaped head of one bones that articulates with the elliptical cavity of another
Consular or ellipsoidal
What synovial joint allows back and forth movement but no rotation? Found in metacarpals and phalanges
Condylar or ellipsoidal
What joints have articulating surfaces that are nearly flat or slightly curved in the wrist and ankle, articular process of vertebrae. Ribs 2-7.
Plane or gliding
What synovial joint allows sliding, back and forth and twisting
Plane or gliding
What synovial joint has a convex surface that allows one bone to articulate with concave surface of another
Hinge
What movement does a hinge joint allow? Where are they?
Flexion and extension. Elbows and phalanges
What synovial joint has a cylindrical surface of one bone hat articulates with ring of bone and ligament
Pivot or trochoid.
What joint allows rotations
Pivot or trochoid. Radius and ulna. Head and neck.
What synovial joint has articulating surfaces that both concave and convex regions; surface of one bone fits complementary surface of another
Saddle
Turning palm upward
Supination
Decreasing angle between parts
Flexion
Moving part forward
Protraction
Moving part around an axis
Rotation
Moving part toward midline
Adduction
Turning the foot so the plantar surface faces laterally and
eversion
Increasing angle between parts
Extension
Lowering part
Depression
Turning palm downward
Pronation
Moving part away from midline
Abduction
Movements that occur between the humerus and ulna are hinge. - flexion and extension. The head of the radius of free to rotate in the annular ligament. This provides movement of pronation and supination
Describe the movements in the elbow joint
Describe how the articulate surfaces of the hip joint are held together
Ligamentum Capitis attaches to Fovea Capitis on the head of the femur and to connective tissue in the acetabulum; which carries blood vessels to head of the femur. The acetabular labrum (ring of fibrocartilage) at the rim of the acetabulum deepens the cavity of the acetabulum. It encloses the head of the femur and holds it securely in place. A cylindrical joint capsule reinforced with ligaments surrounds the articulating structures and connects the neck of the femur to the margin of the acetabulum.
Explain why there is less movement in the hip joint that in the shoulder joint
Muscles surround the joint capsule of the hip. The articulating parts of the hip are held closely together more so than the shoulder joint which allows less freedom of movement.
Explain the function of the meniscus of the knee
2 fibrocartilaginous menisci separate the articulating surfaces of the femur and tibia and help align them.
What has a C shape with a thick rim and thin center; attaches to the head of tibia
Menisci
What form depressions that fit the corresponding consumes of the femur
Medial and lateral menisci
