Chapter 8 - Project Quality Management 7% Flashcards
Includes the processes for incorporating the organization’s quality policy regarding planning, managing, and controlling project and product quality requirements in order to meet stakeholders’ objectives.
Project Quality Management
The process of identifying quality requirements and/or standards for the project and its deliverables, and documenting how the project will demonstrate compliance with quality requirements and /or standards.
Plan Quality Management
The process of translating the quality management plan into executable quality activities that incorporate the organization’s quality policies into the project.
Manage Quality
The process of monitoring and recording the results of executing the quality management activities to assess performance and ensure the project outputs are complete, correct, and meet customer expectations.
Control Quality
Keeping errors out of the process.
Prevention
Keeping errors out of the hands of the customer.
Inspection
Method of measuring quality that consists of noting the presence or absence of some characteristic (attribute) in each of the units under consideration.
The result either conforms or does not confirm.
Attribute Sampling
The process used to predict the value of a specific variable within the data.
The result is rated on a continuous scale that measures the degree of conformity. “How much,” “how good,” or “how bad”?
Variable Sampling
Specified range of acceptable results.
Tolerances
Identifies the boundaries of common variation in a statistically stable process or process performance.
Control Limits
Includes all costs incurred over the life of the product by investment in preventing nonconformance to requirements, appraising the product or service for conformance to requirements, and failing to meet requirements (rework).
Cost of Quality (COQ)
An iterative management method used in organizations to facilitate the control and continual improvement of processes and products
Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA)
Involves comparing actual or planned project practices or the project’s quality standards to those of comparable projects to identify best practices, generate ideas for improvements, and provide a basis for measuring performance.
Benchmarking
Costs related to the prevention of poor quality in the products, deliverables, or services of the specified project.
Prevention Costs
Costs related to evaluating, measuring, auditing, and testing the products, deliverables, or services of the specific project.
Appraisal Costs
Costs related to nonconformance of the products, deliverables, or services to the needs or expectations of the stakeholders.
Failure Costs (Internal/External)
A financial analysis tool used to estimate the strengths and weaknesses of alternatives in order to determine the best alternative in terms of benefits provided.
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Used to analyze and evaluate the quality of the processes and deliverables of the project against the standards of the performing organization or the requirements specified.
Quality Control Measurements
Verified as part of the Control Quality process and used as a basis for the development of test scenarios for the project and its deliverable and as a basis for improvement initiatives
Quality Metrics
An analytical technique used to determine the basic underlying reason that causes a variance, defect, or risk.
Root Cause Analysis (RCA)
A type of diagram that breaks down the causes of the problem statement identified into discrete branches, helping to identify the main or root cause of the problem
Cause-and-Effect Diagram (AKA Fishbone Diagram, Why-Why Diagram, or Ishikawa Diagram)
Shows a graphical representation of numerical data. Can show the number of defects per deliverable, a ranking of the cause of defects, the number of times each process is noncompliant, or other representations of project or product defects.
Histogram
A graph that shows the relationship between two variables. Can demonstrate the relationship between any elements of a process, environment, or activity on one axis and a quality defect on the other axis.
Scatter Diagram
A quality management and control tool used to perform data analysis within the organizational structure created in it. Seeks to show the strength of relationships between factors, causes, and objectives that exists between the rows and columns that form it.
Matrix Diagrams
A structured, independent process used to determine if project activities comply with organizational and project policies, processes, and procedures.
Audit
Used to determine whether or not a process is stable or has predictable performance.
Control Charts
