Chapter 2 - The Environment In Which Projects Operate 6% Flashcards
A business unit that centralizes the operations and procedures of all projects within the organization. The ______ can be supportive, controlling, or directive.
Project management office (PMO)
Refer to conditions not under the control of the project team, that influence, constrain, or direct a project. May be internal or external.
Enterprise Environmental Factors (EEF)
The internal plans, processes, policies, procedures, and knowledge bases specific to and used by the performing organization.
Organizational Process Assets (OPA)
The framework, functions, and processes that guide project management activities in order to create a unique product, service, or result to meet organizational, strategic, and operational goals.
Project Governance
A structured way to provide control, direction, and coordination through people, policies, and processes to meet organizational strategic and operational goals.
Organizational Governance Framework
Organizational Structure: Staff are grouped by areas of specialization and the PM has limited authority to assign work and apply resources.
Functional (Centralized)
Organizational Structure: The PM shares responsibility with the functional managers for assigning priorities and for directing the work of persons assigned to the project.
Matrix
Organizational Structure: Loosely organized. Likely aren’t any big formal departments; people work side-by-side regardless of roles/titles. PM likely has little control over the project resources and may not be called a PM.
Organic or Simple
Organizational Structure: Duplication of efforts within the org, but not within each department or division. PM has little authority in this structure and the functional manager controls the project budget.
Mutli-Divisional
Organizational Structure: Organizational resources are pooled into one project team, but the functional managers have less project power than the PM.
Matrix - Strong
Organizational Structure: Organizational resources are pooled into one project team, but the functional managers have more project power than the PM.
Matrix - Weak
Organizational Structure: Organizational resources are pooled into one project team, but the functional managers and the project managers share the project power.
Matrix - Balanced
Organizational Structure: Assigns a project team to one project for the duration of the project life cycle. PM has high-to-almost complete project power.
Project-Oriented (Composite, hybrid)
Organizational Structure: Uses a network structure to communicate and interact. A POC exists for each department and these people receive and send all messages for the department.
Virtual
Organizational Structure: A blend of the functional, matrix, and project-oriented structures.
Hybrid
