Chapter 5 - Project Scope Management 9%

Question 1

A decision that is reached whereby everyone agrees on a single course of action.

Answer 1

Unanimity

Question 2

A decision that is reached whereby the largest block in a group decides, even if a majority is not achieved, this method is generally used when a number of options nominated is more than two.

Answer 2

Plurality

Question 3

A document that provides detailed deliverable, activity, and scheduling information about each component in the WBS.

Answer 3

WBS Dictionary

Question 4

A facilitation technique that helps determine critical characters for new product development in the manufacturing industry. It starts by collecting customer needs, AKA the voice of the customer (VOC). These needs are then objectively sorted and prioritized and goals are set for achieving them.

Answer 4

Quality Function Deployment (QFD)

Question 5

A hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work to be carried out by the project team to accomplish the project objectives and create the required deliverables.

Answer 5

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

Question 6

A set of conditions that are required to be met before deliverables are accepted.

Answer 6

Acceptance Criteria

Question 7

A technique that uses a decision matrix to provide a systematic analytical approach for establishing criteria, such as risk levels, uncertainty, and valuation, to evaluate and rank many ideas.

Answer 7

Multicriteria Decision Analysis

Question 8

A technique used for dividing and subdividing the project scope and project deliverables into smaller, more manageable parts.

Answer 8

Decomposition

Question 9

A WBS component below the control account and above the work package with known work content but without detailed schedule activities.

Answer 9

Planning Package

Question 10

An example of a scope model that visually depicts the product scope by showing a business system (process, equipment, computer system, etc.) and how people and other systems (actors) interact with it.

Answer 10

Context Diagram

Question 11

Describes the behaviors of the product. Examples includeactions, processes, data, and interactions that the product should execute.

Answer 11

Functional Requirements

Question 12

Examines project performance over time to determine if performance is improving or deteriorating.

Answer 12

Trend Analysis

Question 13

Identifies what is excluded from a project. Explicitly stating what is out of scope for the project helps manage stakeholders’ expectations and can reduce scope creep.

Answer 13

Project Exclusions

Question 14

Includes activities such as measuring, examining, and validating to determine whether work and deliverables meet requirements and product acceptance criteria. Sometimes called reviews, product reviews, and walkthroughs, but sometimes those terms mean very diff things.

Answer 14

Inspection

Question 15

One individual takes responsibility for making the decision for the group.

Answer 15

Autocratic Decision Making

Question 16

Progressively elaborates the characteristics of the product, service, or result described in the project charter and requirements documentation.

Answer 16

Product Scope Description

Question 17

Short, textual descriptions of required functionality that are often developed during a requirements workshop. These describe the stakeholder role, who benefits from the feature (role), what the stakeholder needs to accomplish (goal), and the benefit to the stakeholder (motivation).

Answer 17

User Stories

Question 18

Supplement other solution requirements and describe the environment conditions or qualities required for the product to be effective - reliability, security, performance, safety, level of service, supportability, retention/purge, etc.

Answer 18

Nonfunctional Requirements

Question 19

The description of the project scope, major deliverables, and exclusions that documents the entire scope, including project and product scope.

Answer 19

Project Scope Statement

Question 20

Defined whether waterfall, iterative, adaptive, agile, or a hybrid ______ will be used.

Answer 20

Development approach

Question 21

The features and functions that characterize a product, service, or result.

Answer 21

Product Scope

Question 22

The lowest level of the WBS and has a unique identifier. These identifiers provide a structure for hierarchical summation of costs, schedule, and resource information and form a code of account.

Answer 22

Work Package

Question 23

The process for formalizing acceptance of the completed project deliverables.

Answer 23

Validate Scope

Question 24

The process of creating a scope management plan that documents how the project and product scope will be defined, validated, and controlled.

Answer 24

Plan Scope Management

Question 25

The process of determining, documenting, and managing stakeholder needs and requirements to meet objectives.

Answer 25

Collect Requirements

Question 26

The process of developing a detailed description of the project and product.

Answer 26

Define Scope

Question 27

The process of formalizing acceptance of the completed project deliverables.

Answer 27

Validate Scope

Question 28

The process of monitoring the status of the project and product scope and managing changes to the scope baseline.

Answer 28

Control Scope

Question 29

The process of subdividing project deliverables and project work into smaller, more manageable components.

Answer 29

Create WBS

Question 30

The description of this determines the series of phases that a project passes through from its inception to the end of the project.

Answer 30

Project Life Cycle Description

Question 31

The work performed to deliver a product, service, or result with the specified features and functions. The term is sometimes viewed as including product scope.

Answer 31

Project Scope

Question 32

The ______ has information on how project requirements will be collected, analyzed, and documented.

Answer 32

Requirements Management Plan

Question 33

The ______ is a component of that project or program management plan that describes how the scope will be defined, developed, monitored, controlled, and validated.The development of the ______ and the detailing of the project scope begin with the analysis of information contained in the project charter, the latest approved subsidiary plans of the project management plan, historical information contained in the organizational process assets, and any other relevant enterprise environmental factors.

Answer 33

Scope Management Plan

Question 34

The ______ is a grid that links product requirements from their origin to the deliverables that satisfy them.

Answer 34

Requirements Traceability Matrix

Question 35

The ______ is used to understand stakeholder communication requirements and the level of stakeholder engagement in order to assess and adapt to the level of stakeholder participation in requirements activities.

Answer 35

Stakeholder Engagement Plan

Question 36

These capture any condition or criteria needed to validate the successful completion of a project deliverable or fulfillment of other project requirements - tests, certifications, validations, etc.

Answer 36

Quality Requirements

Question 37

These describe features, functions, and characteristics of the product, service, or result that will meet the business and stakeholder requirements. These are further grouped into functional and nonfunctional requirements.

Answer 37

Solution Requirements

Question 38

These describe temporary capabilities, such as data conversion and training requirements, needed to transition from the current as-is state to the desired future state.

Answer 38

Transition and Readiness Requirements

Question 39

These describe the higher-level needs of the organization as a whole, such as the business issues or opportunities, and reasons why a project has been undertaken.

Answer 39

Business Requirements

Question 40

These describe the needs of a stakeholder or stakeholder group.

Answer 40

Stakeholder Requirements

Question 41

These sessions are used in the software development industry. These facilitated sessions focus on bringing business SMEs and the development team together to gather requirements and improve the software development process.

Answer 41

Joint Application Design/Development (JAD)

Question 42

This describes how individual requirements meet the business need for the project. Might start at a high level and become progressively more detailed. Before being baselined, must be unambiguous, traceable, complete, consistent, and acceptable to key stakeholders.

Answer 42

Requirements Documentation

Question 43

This enhances brainstorming with a voting process used to rank the most useful ideas for further brainstorming or for prioritization. This is a structured form of brainstorming consisting of four steps:1. A question is posed to the group. Each person silently generates and writes down their ideas.2. The moderator writes down the ideas on a flip chart until all ideas are recorded.3. Each recorded idea is discussed until all group members have a clear understanding.4. Individuals vote privates to prioritize the ideas, (usually 1-5). Voting may take place in many rounds to reduce and focus in on ideas. After each round, votes are tallied and highest scoring ideas are selected.

Answer 43

Nominal Group Technique

Question 44

Used to compare the baseline to the actual results and determine if it’s within the threshold amount or if corrective or preventative action is appropriate.

Answer 44

Variance Analysis

Question 45

______ allow large numbers of ideas to be classified into groups for review and analysis.

Answer 45

Affinity Diagrams

Question 46

______ bring together prequalified stakeholders and SMEs to learn about their expectations and attitudes about a proposed product, service, or result. A trained moderator guides the group through an interactive discussion designed to be more conversational than a one-on-one interview.

Answer 46

Focus Groups

Question 47

______ consolidates ideas created through individual brainstorming sessions into a single map to reflect commonality and differences in understanding and to generate new ideas.

Answer 47

Mind Mapping

Question 48

______ includes the processes required to ensure that the project includes all of the work required, and only the work required, to complete the project successfully. Managing the project scope is primarily concerned with defining and controlling what is and what is not included in the project.

Answer 48

Project Scope Management

Question 49

______ involves comparing actual or planned products, processes, and practices to those of comparable organizations to identify best practices, generate ideas for improvement, and provide a basis for measuring performance. This can be internal or external.

Answer 49

Benchmarking

Question 50

Project deliverables that are completed and checked for correctness through the Control Quality Process.

Answer 50

Verified Deliverables