Chapter 8 - Measurements and Significant Figures

Question 1

A common metric system of units of measurement used by scientists.

Answer 1

Systeme International (SI)

Question 2

descriptions based on qualities or characteristics rather than quantities

Answer 2

qualitative

Question 3

information based on data or quantities obtained

Answer 3

quantitative

Question 4

A measurement that has its own independent scale and cannot be expressed in terms of other base
units

Answer 4

base unit

Question 5

A measurement that is a combination of base units.

Answer 5

derived unit​

Question 6

A factor used in solving problems in which a certain measurement must be expressed with
different units.

Answer 6

conversion factor

Question 7

A technique that uses the units (dimensions) of the measurement in order to express quantities in the appropriate units.

Answer 7

dimensional analysis

Question 8

A way to express very large and very small numbers as the product of two numbers: a coefficient and the number 10 raised to a power

Answer 8

scientific notation

Question 9

The curved upper surface of a liquid in a tube.

Answer 9

meniscus

Question 10

A process of referencing a physical quantity in terms of a calibration or reference point.

Answer 10

estimate

Question 11

All measurements have an uncertainty equal to one half of the smallest difference between reference
marks

Answer 11

uncertainty

Question 12

Describes how close an estimate is to a known standard.

Answer 12

accuracy

Question 13

Describes how close estimates are to one another

Answer 13

precision

Question 14

An expression of the accuracy of a measurement, standardized to how large the measurement is.

Answer 14

percent error

Question 15

Consist of all the certain digits in that measurement plus one uncertain or estimated digit.

Answer 15

significant figures

Question 16

An expression of the mass of substance in terms of the volume occupied by the substance.

Answer 16

density

Question 17

The quantity of inertia possessed by an object.

Answer 17

mass

Question 18

The gravitational force acting on a mass, as measured on a scale.

Answer 18

weight

Question 19

The most commonly used scale in the United States, it defines the normal freezing point and boiling point of water as 32°F and 212°F, respectively

Answer 19

Fahrenheit scale

Question 20

The most commonly used scale around the world, it defines the normal freezing point and boiling
point of water as 0°C and 100°C, respectively.

Answer 20

Celsius scale

Question 21

Referred to as the absolute temperature scale, it defines absolute zero as the lowest theoretically possible temperature.

Answer 21

Kelvin scale