Chapter 8 - Female Reproduction System Flashcards
Erectile organ of the vulva
Clitoris
Generic term for hormones that stimulate female secondary sex characteristics
Estrogen
Medical specialty for the care of the female reproductive system
Gynecology
Specialist in gynecology
Gynecologist
Fold of the vulva
Labium / labia
Bigger or greater; for example, labia majora
Majus or majora
Smaller or lesser
Minus or minora
Fleshy pad with pubic hair, overlying the pubic bone
Mons pubis
Medical specialty for the care of women during pregnancy and the postpartum period
Obstetrics
Medical specialist in obstetrics
Obstetrician
Area between the thighs, extending from the coccyx to the pubis
Perineum
After childbirth
Postpartum
After the period of puberty
Postpubescent
Hormone that prepares uterus for pregnancy
Progesterone
Process of maturing from child to young adult capable of reproducing
Puberty
Bony front arch of the pelvis of the hip; also called pubic bone
Pubis
Pertaining to the pubis
Pubic
Female external genitalia
Vulva
A yeastlike fungus
Candida
Infection with the yeastlike fungus candida
Candidiasis
Pain during sexual intercourse
Dyspareunia
Arch shaped, blind ended part of the vagina behind and around the cervix
Fornix / fornices
Situated around the urethra
Paraurethral
Thin membrane partly occlusion the vaginal orifice
Hymen
A fold, ridge, or crease
Ruga / rugae
Paraurethral glands in the anterior wall of the vagina
Skene glands
Plug or pack in a cavity to absorb or stop bleeding
Tampon
Female genital canal extending from the uterus to the vulva
Vagina
Pertaining to the vagina
Vaginal
Any disease of the vagina
Vaginosis
Inflammation of the vagina
Vaginitis
Surgical excision of the vulva
Vestibulectomy
Chronic vulva pain
Vulvodynia
Inflammation of the vagina and vulva
Vulvovaginitis
Pertaining to the vulva and vagina
Vulvovaginal
Infectious, painful, ulcerative STD not related to syphillis
Chancroid
A sheath or cover for the penis or vagina to prevent conception and infection
Condom
A species of bacteria causing an STD
Chlamydia
Specific contagious sexually transmitted infection
Gonorrhea
STD caused by a virus
Molluscum contagisum
Wad of cotton used to remove or apply something from/to a surface
Swab
A parasite causing an STD infection with trichimonas vaginalis
Trichomonas Trichomoniasis
Infection with the HIV virus
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS
Lower part of the uterus
Cervix
Pertaining to the cervix
Cervical
Extraction of the fetus through an incision in the abdomen an uterine wall
Cesarean section / c-section
An infection that manifests with painful, watery blisters on the skin an mucous membranes
Herpes simplex virus HSV
Etiology agent of AIDS
Human immunodeficiency virus HIV
An infection that causes warts on the skin and genitalia and can increase risk for cervical cancer
Human papilloma virus HPV
An infection that causes disease when the immune system is compromised for other reasons
Opportunistic infection
Reproduction to produce an exact copy
Replication
Uterine tubes connected to the fundus of the uterus
Fallopean tubes
Monthly uterine bleeding
Menses menstruation
The act of menstruation
Menstruate
Pertaining to menstruation
Menstrual
One of the paired female egg-producing glands
Ovary
Pertaining to ovary
Ovarian
Egg
Ovum
Composed of many cysts
Polycystic
Having conceived
Pregnant
State of being pregnant
Pregnancy
Period from conception to birth
Gestation
Organ in which an egg develops into a fetus
Uterus
Parts accessory to an organ or structure
Adnexa/ adnexum
Pertaining to accessory structure
Adnexal
Tilted forward
Anteverted
Forward tilting of the uterus
Anteversion
Inner lining of the uterus
Endometrium
Pertaining to the inner lining of the uterus
Endometrial
A fringe-like structure on the surface of a cell of a microorganism
Fimbria
Part farthest from the opening of a hollow organ
Fundus
Funnel-shaped structure
Infindibulum / infundibula
Part connection two larger parts
Isthmus
Muscle wall of the uterus
Myometrium
Opening into a canal
OS
The covering of uterus
Perimetrium
The tipping backward of the uterus
Retroversion
Tilted backward
Retroverted
A nearly closed cavity of chamber
Antrum
Spherical mass of cells containing a cavity or a small cul-de-sac
Follicle
Pertaining to a follicle
Follicular
Hormone capable of promoting gonad function
Gonadotrophin
Cell lining the ovarian follicle
Grandulosa cell
Release of an oocyte from a follicle
Ovulation
To release an oocyte from a follicle
Ovulate
Before birth
Prenatal
An atrophied corpus luteum
Corpus albicans
Yellow structure formed at the site of a ruptured ovarian follicle
Corpus luteum
A decrease in size or vigor
Involution
Yellow pigment
Lutein
Pertaining to a corpus luteum
Luteal
Permanent ending of menstrual periods
Menopause
Pertaining to menopause
Menopausal
To examine with the fingers and hands
Palpate
Examination using the fingers and hands
Palpation
Pertaining to the time immediately before the menses
Premenstrual
Absence of abnormal cessation of menstral flow
Amenorrhea
Painful and difficult menstration
Dysmenorrhea
Surgical fixation of the vagina
Colpopexy
Hernia of the bladder into the vagina
Cystocele
Endometrial tissue in the abdomen outside the uterus
Endometriosis
Surgical removal of the uterus
Hysterectomy
Appliance inserted into the vagina to support the uterus
Pessary
The falling of slipping of a body part from its normal position
Prolapse
Hernia of the rectum into the vagina
Rectocele
Inflammation of the uterine tube
Salpingitis
Surgical removal of Fallopian tube
Salpingectomy
Removal of tissue to destroy its function
Ablation
Agent that combines with receptors on cells to intimate drug actions
Agonist
Scraping of the interior of a cavity
Curettage
Having difficulty in performing
Dysfunctional
Uterine tumor resembling fibrous tissue
Fibroid
Benign neoplasm derived from smooth muscle containing fibrous tissue
Fibromyoma
Benign neoplasm derived from smooth muscle
Leiomyoma
Excessive menstrual bleeding
Menorrhagia
Irregular uterine bleeding between menses
Metrorrhagia
Benign tumor of muscle
Myoma
Surgical removal of a myoma
Myomectomy
More than normal frequency of menses
Polymenorrhea
Surgical excision of a cone-shaped piece of tissue
Conzation
Use of liquid nitrogen of argon gas in surgery to freeze and kill abnormal tissue
Cryosurgery
Abnormal tissue formation
Dysplasia
Pertaining to abnormal tissue formation
Dysplastic
Examination of cells taken from the cervix
PAP test
Radiograph of uterus and uterine tubes after injection of contrast material
Hysterosalpingogram
Visual inspection of the uterine cavity using an endoscope
Hysteroscopy
Inability to conceive over a long period of time
Infertility
Introduction of semen into the vagina
Insemination
Inside the uterine cavity
Intrauterine
After sexual intercourse
Postcoital
A surgically made union between two tubular structures
Anastomosis
Sexual intercourse
Coitus
A ring and dome-shaped material inserted in the vagina to prevent pregnancy
Diaphragm
Thread of wire tied around a tubal structure to close it
Ligature
Use of a tie to close a tube
Ligation
A synthetic form of progesterone
Progestin
The developing embryo during the first two weeks
Blastocyst
Fertilization of the egg by speed to form a zygote
Conception
Twins from two separate zygotes
Dizygotic
To penetrate an oocyte with a sperm so as to impregnate
Fertilize
Union of a male sperm and a female egg
Fertilization
Attachment of a fertilized egg to the endometrium
Implantation
Twins from a single zygote of
Monozygotic
Ball of cells formed from division of a zygote
Morula
Organ that allow metabolic interchange between the mother and fetus
Placenta
Cell resulting from the union of the sperm and egg
Zygote
Spontaneous or induced expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus
Abortion
Product of abortion
Abortus
Membrane around the fetus that contains amniotic fluid
Amnion
Pertaining to the amnion
Amniotic
Removal of amniotic fluid for diagnostic purposes
Amniocentesis
The fetal membrane that forms the placenta
Chorion
Pertaining to the chorion
Chorionic
Developing organism from conception until the end of the second month
Embryo
Pertaining to the embryo
Embryonic
Human organism from the end of the eighth week after conception to birth
Fetus
Pertaining to the fetus
Fetal
Pregnant
Gravid
A pregnant woman
Gravida
First pregnancy
Primigravida
Fine, soft hair on the fetal body
Lanugo
Number of deliveries
Parity
Abbreviation for number of deliveries
Para
One third of the length of a full term pregnancy
Trimester
Pit in the abdomen where the umbilical cord entered the fetus
Umbillicus
Cheesy substance covering skin of the fetus
Vernix caseosa
Source of blood cells and future sex cells for the fetus
Yolk sac
Self destruction of cells by enzymes within the cells
Autolysis
During childbirth when the maximum diameter of the baby’s head comes through the vulvar ring
Crowning
Stretching or enlarging of an opening
Dilation
Thinning of the cervix during labor
Effacement
Surgical incision of the vulva
Episiotomy
Process of expulsion of the fetus
Labor
Vaginal discharge following childbirth
Lochia
Women who had given birth to two or more children
Multipara
Pituitary hormone that stimulates the uterus to contract and causes breast milk to be ejected from the alveoli into the duct system
Oxytocin
Women who has given birth for the first time
Primipara
Six week period after birth in which the uterus involutes
Puerperium
Convulsions in a patient with preeclampsia
Eclampsia
Out of place, not in a normal position
Ectopic
Excessive vomiting
Hyperemesis
Fatal outcome or death rate
Mortality
Too little amniotic fluid
Oligohydramnios
Too much amniotic fluid
Polyhydramnios
Around the time of birth
Perinatal
Hypertension, edema, and proteinuria during pregnancy
Preeclampsia
Baby delivered before 37 weeks of gestation
Preterm
Agent that produces fetal deformities
Teratogen
Process involved in producing fetal deformities
Teratogenesis
Capable of producing fetal deformities
Teratogenic
Premature detachment (of the placenta )
(Placenta) abruptio
Absence of spontaneous respiration
Apnea
Assisted delivery of the baby by an instrument that grasps the head of the baby
Forceps extraction
Bilirubin straining of basal nuclei of the brain
Kernicterus
The first vowel movement of the newborn
Meconium
A newborn infant
Neonate
Pertaining to a newborn infant or the newborn period
Neonatal
Loop of umbilical cord around the fetal neck
Nuchal cord
Pertaining to an infant born after 42 weeks of gestation
Postmature
Condition of being postmature
Post maturity
Premature baby
preemie
Anything blocking the fetus during its birth
Previa
A protein and fat compound that creates surface tension to hold lung alveolar walls apart
Surfactant
Topmost point of the vault of the skull
Vertex
Circular reddish area surrounding the nipple
Areola
The first breast secretion at the end of pregnancy
Colostrum
Production of milk
Lactation
Pertaining to or yielding milk
Lactiferous
Relating to the lactating breast
Mammary
Projection from the breast into which the lactiferous ducts open
Nipple
Pituitary hormone that stimulates production of milk
Prolactin
Benign tumor containing much fibrous tissue
Fibroadenoma
Benign breast disease with multiple tiny lumps and cysts
Fibrocystic disease
Abnormal flow of milk from the breasts
Galactorrhea
Enlargement of the breasts
Gynecomastia
Surgical removal of adipose tissue
Lipectomy
Removal of a lesion with preservation of the surrounding tissue
Lumpectomy
The record produced by X-ray imaging of the breast
Mammogram
Process of X-ray examination of the breast
Mammography
Pain in the breast
Mastalgia
Surgical excision of the breast
Mastectomy
Inflammation of the breasts
Mastitis
Surgical excision of a quadrant of the breast
Quadrantectomy
Pertaining to s precise 3D method to location a lesion
Sterotactic
