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Medical Terminology > Chapter 11 - Blood > Flashcards

Chapter 11 - Blood Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Simple, soluble protein

A

Albumin

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2
Q

Liquid containing suspended particles

A

Colloid

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3
Q

A blood cell

A

Corpuscle

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4
Q

Pertaining to corpuscle

A

Corpuscular

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5
Q

Iron-protein complex that regulates iron storage and transport

A

Ferritin

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6
Q

Stringy protein fiber that is component of a blood clot

A

Fibrin

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7
Q

Precursor of fibrin in blood-clotting process

A

Fibrinogen

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8
Q

Family of blood proteins

A

Globulin

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9
Q

Percentage of red blood cells in the blood

A

Hematocrit

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10
Q

Medical specialty of disorders of the blood

A

Hematology

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11
Q

Specialist in hematology

A

Hematologist

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12
Q

Red pigmented protein that is the main component of red blood cells

A

Hemoglobin

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13
Q

Pale in color as in red blood cells when hemoglobin is deficient

A

Hypochromic

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14
Q

A standard indicator of measurement

A

Index / indices

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15
Q

Pertaining to a small cell

A

Microcytic

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16
Q

Paleness of the skin

A

Pallor

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17
Q

Fluid, non cellular component of blood

A

Plasma

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18
Q

Pertaining to an irregular shaped red blood cell

A

Poikilocytic

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19
Q

Fluid remaining after removal of cells and fibrin clot

A

Serum

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20
Q

Substance with a pH below 7.0

A

Acid

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21
Q

Substance with a pH above 7.0

A

Alkaline aka base

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22
Q

Decreased number of red blood cells

A

Anemia

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23
Q

Suffering from anemia

A

Anemic

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24
Q

Substance that resists a change in pH

A

Buffer

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25
Q

Breakdown product of the skeletal muscle protein creatine

A

Creatinine

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26
Q

Another name for a red blood cell

A

Erythrocyte

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27
Q

Stability or equilibrium of a system or the body’s internal environment

A

Homeostasis

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28
Q

The passage of water across a cell membrane

A

Osmosis

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29
Q

Insoluble material that settles to the bottom of a liquid

A

Sediment

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30
Q

Formation of a sediment

A

Sedimentation

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31
Q

Sticky; resistant to flowing

A

Viscous

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32
Q

The resistance of a fluid to flow

A

Viscosity

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33
Q

Having a hollowed surface on both sides of a structure

A

Biconcave

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34
Q

Precursor to red blood cell

A

Erythroblast

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35
Q

The formation of red blood cells

A

Erythropoiesis

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36
Q

Protein secreted by the kidney that stimulates red blood cell production

A

Erythropoietin

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37
Q

Pertaining to the making of red blood cells

A

Hematopoietic

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38
Q

The iron based component of hemoglobin that carries oxygen

A

Heme

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39
Q

Large white blood cell that Removes bacteria, foreign particles and dead cells

A

Macrophage

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40
Q

Hemoglobin in combination with oxygen

A

Oxyhemoglobin

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41
Q

Stick together to form clumps

A

Agglutinate

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42
Q

Condition in which the bone marrow is unable to produce sufficient red cells white cells and platelets

A

Aplastic anemia

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43
Q

Disease caused by the presence of an abnormal hemoglobin in the red blood cells

A

Hemoglobinopathy

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44
Q

Destruction of red blood cells so that hemoglobin is liberated

A

Hemolysis

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45
Q

Pertaining to the process of destruction of red blood cells

A

Hemolytic

46
Q

Pale in color

A

Hypochromic

47
Q

Decrease below normal levels of oxygen in tissues gases or blood

A

Hypoxia

48
Q

Deficient in oxygen

A

Hypoxic

49
Q

Substances that interfere with each other physiologically

A

Incompatible

50
Q

Large red blood cell

A

Macrocyte

51
Q

Chronic anemia due to lack of vitamin B12

A

Pernicious anemia

52
Q

Chronic disease with bone marrow hyperplasia and increase in number of red blood cells and in blood volume

A

Polycythemia Vera

53
Q

Group of inherited blood disorders that produce of hemolytic anemia and occur in people living around the Mediterranean Sea

A

Thalassemia

54
Q

Granules that attract basic blue stain in the lab

A

Basophil

55
Q

A differential white blood cell count lists percentages of the different leukocytes in a blood sample

A

Differential

56
Q

Granules that attract a rosy red color on staining

A

Eosinophil

57
Q

A white blood cell that contains multiple small granules in its cytoplasm

A

Granulocyte

58
Q

An anticoagulant secreted particularly by liver cells

A

Heparin

59
Q

Another term for white blood cell

A

Leukocyte

60
Q

An excessive number of white blood cells

A

Leukocytosis

61
Q

A deficient number of white blood cells

A

Leukopenia

62
Q

Granules that takes up purple stain equally whether the stain is acid or base

A

Neutrophil

63
Q

A deficiency of neutrophils

A

Peutropenia

64
Q

White blood cell with a multilobed nucleus

A

Polymorphonuclear

65
Q

A white blood cell without any granules in its cytoplasm

A

Agranulocyte

66
Q

Protein produced in response to an antigen

A

Antibody

67
Q

Specific protein evoked by an antigen

A

Immunoglobulin

68
Q

Small white blood cell with a large nucleus

A

Lymphocyte

69
Q

Removal by suction of fluid or gas from a body cavity

A

Aspiration

70
Q

Pertaining to antibodies present during a disease but not directed against the causative agent

A

Heterophile

71
Q

Disease in which the blood is taken over by white blood cells and their precursors

A

Leukemia

72
Q

Pertaining to having the characteristics of leukemia

A

Leukemic

73
Q

Resembling lymphatic tissue

A

Lymphoid

74
Q

Presence of large numbers of mononuclear leukocytes

A

Mononucleosis

75
Q

Detects heterophile antibodies in infectious mononucleosis

A

Monospot test

76
Q

Resembling cells derived from bone marrow

A

Myeloid

77
Q

Deficiency of all types of blood cells

A

Pancytopenia

78
Q

Cell fragment involved in clotting process

A

Platelet thrombocytes

79
Q

Cell of substance formed earlier in the development of the cell or substance

A

Precursor

80
Q

Undifferentiated cell found in a differentiated tissue that can divide to yield the specialized cells in that tissue

A

Stem cell

81
Q

Substance that prevents clotting

A

Anticoagulant

82
Q

Substance that induces clotting

A

Coagulant

83
Q

The process of blood clotting

A

Coagulation

84
Q

Cell that forms collagen fibers

A

Fibroblast

85
Q

Controlling or stopping bleeding

A

Hemostasis

86
Q

Large cell with large nucleus; parts of the cytoplasm break off to form platelets

A

Megakaryocyte

87
Q

Protein formed by the liver and converted to thrombin in the blood clotting mechanism

A

Prothrombin

88
Q

Enzyme that forms fibrin

A

Thrombin

89
Q

Another name for platelet

A

Thrombocytes

90
Q

A clot attached to a diseased blood vessel or heart lining

A

Thrombus

91
Q

Formation of a thrombus

A

Thrombosis

92
Q

Disorder of blood clotting

A

Coagulopathy

93
Q

Widely scatter throughout the body of an organ

A

Disseminate

94
Q

To ooze out from a vessel into the tissues

A

Extravasate

95
Q

Collection of blood that has escaped from the blood vessels into tissue

A

Hematoma

96
Q

An inherited disease from a deficiency of clotting factor eight

A

Hemophilia

97
Q

Pinpoint capillary hemorrhagic spot in the skin

A

Petachia

98
Q

Skin hemorrhages that are red initially and then turn purple

A

Purpura

99
Q

DNA altered by inserting a new sequence of DNA into the chain

A

Recombinant DNA

100
Q

An enzyme that dissolves clots

A

Streptokinase

101
Q

Deficiency of platelets in circulating blood

A

Thrombocytopenia

102
Q

Anticoagulant also used as ray poison

A

Warfarin

103
Q

Process by which cells or other particles adhere to each other to form clumps

A

Agglutination

104
Q

Blood transfusion with the same person as donor and recipient

A

Autologous

105
Q

Introduction intravenously of s substance other than blood

A

Infusion

106
Q

Transfer of blood or a blood component from donor to recipient

A

Transfusion

107
Q

Hemolytic disease of the newborn due to Rh incompatibility

A

Erythroblastosis / fetalis

108
Q

Antigen on red blood cells of Rh positive individuals

A

Rhesus factor

109
Q

A spherical cell

A

Spherocyte

110
Q

Presence of spherocytes in blood

A

Spherocytosis

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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