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Medical Terminology > Chapter 10 - Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Cardiovascular System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Pertaining to the heart

A

Cardiac

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2
Q

Of cardiac origin

A

Cardiogenic

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3
Q

A medical specialist in diagnosis and treatment of the heart

A

Cardiologist

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4
Q

Medical specialty of disease of the heart

A

Cardiology

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5
Q

The attempt to restore cardiac and pulmonary function

A

Cardiopulmonary / resuscitation

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6
Q

Pertaining to the heart and blood vessels

A

Cardiovascular

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7
Q

Pertaining to sweat or perspiration

A

Diaphoretic

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8
Q

Sweat or perspiration

A

Diaphoresis

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9
Q

Record of the electrical signals of the heart

A

Electrocardiogram

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10
Q

Machine that makes the electrocardiogram

A

Electrocardiograph

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11
Q

Interpretation of electrocardiograms

A

Electrocardiography

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12
Q

A device for conducting electricity

A

Electrode

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13
Q

The space between two ribs

A

Intercostal

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14
Q

Area between the lungs containing the heart, aorta, venae cavae, esophagus, and trachea

A

Mediastinum

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15
Q

Long, flat bone forming the center of the anterior wall of the chest

A

Sternum

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16
Q

Instrument for listening to cardiac and respiratory sounds

A

Stethoscope

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17
Q

Blood flow through the vessels supplying the heart

A

Coronary circulation

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18
Q

The inside lining of the heart

A

Endocardium

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19
Q

Pertaining to the endocardium

A

Endocardial

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20
Q

The outer layer of the heart wall

A

Epicardium

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21
Q

Repair of dead tissue cells by formation of fibrous tissue

A

Fibrosis

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22
Q

Pertaining to fibrosis

A

Fibrotic

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23
Q

Area of cell death resulting from an infarction

A

Infarct

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24
Q

Sudden blockage of an artery

A

Infarction

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25
Q

Lack of blood supply to a tissue

A

Ischemia

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26
Q

Pertaining to or affected by ischemia

A

Ischemic

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27
Q

Substance for reducing friction

A

Lubricant

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28
Q

All the heart muscle

A

Myocardium

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29
Q

Pertaining to the myocardium

A

Myocardial

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30
Q

Pathological death of tissue or cells

A

Necrosis

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31
Q

Affected by necrosis

A

Necrotic

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32
Q

Pertaining to the outer layer of the pericardium and other body cavities

A

Parietal

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33
Q

Structure around the heart

A

Pericardium

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34
Q

Pertaining to the pericardium

A

Pericardial

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35
Q

Pertaining to the lungs and their blood supply

A

Pulmonary

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36
Q

Relating to the entire organism

A

Systemic

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37
Q

Pertaining to the internal organs

A

Visceral

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38
Q

Main trunk of the systemic arterial system

A

Aorta

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39
Q

Chamber where blood enters the heart on both right and left sides

A

Atrium

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40
Q

Pertaining to both the atrium and the ventricle

A

Atrioventricular

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41
Q

Having two points

A

Bicuspid

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42
Q

Tendinitis cords attaching the bicuspid and tricuspid valves to the heart wall

A

Chordae tendineae

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43
Q

Between the atria of the heart

A

Interatrial

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44
Q

Between the ventricles of the heart

A

Interventricular

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45
Q

Shaped like a headdress of a catholic bishop

A

Mitral

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46
Q

Appears like a half moon

A

Semilunar

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47
Q

A wall dividing two cavities

A

Septum / septa

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48
Q

Having three points

A

Tricuspid

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49
Q

One of the two largest veins in the body

A

Vena cava

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50
Q

Chamber of the heart of brain

A

Ventricle

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51
Q

An abnormal heart rhythm

A

Arrhythmia

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52
Q

Diagnostic method of listening to body sounds with a stethoscope

A

Auscultation

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53
Q

A harsh abnormal sound heard on auscultation of the heart

A

Bruit

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54
Q

Pathway for electrical signals to be transmitted to the ventricles

A

Bundle of His

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55
Q

Process of transmitting energy

A

Conduction

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56
Q

Dilation of heart cavities, during which they fill with blood

A

Diastole / diastolic

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57
Q

An shoemaker heart rhythm

A

Dysrhythmia

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58
Q

Abnormal heart sounds heard on auscultation of the heart or blood vessels

A

Murmur

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59
Q

Device that regulates cardiac electrical activity

A

Pacemaker

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60
Q

Network of nerve fibers in the myocardium

A

Purkinje fibers

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61
Q

The center of modified cardiac muscle fibers in the wall of the right atrium that acts as the pacemaker for the heart rhythm

A

Sinoatrial node

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62
Q

The normal optimal heart rhythm arising from the sinoatrial node

A

Sinus rhythm

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63
Q

Contraction of the heart muscle

A

Systole / systolic

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64
Q

Rapid heart rate

A

Tachycardia

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65
Q

Restoration of a normal heart rhythm by electrical shock

A

Cardioversion / defibrillation

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66
Q

Device used to generate the electrical shock to the heart

A

Cardioverter

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67
Q

Restoration of uncontrolled twitching of cardiac muscle fibers to normal rhythm

A

Defibrillation

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68
Q

Instrument for defibrillation

A

Defibrillator

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69
Q

Uncontrolled quivering or twitching of the heart muscle

A

Fibrillation

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70
Q

Able to be inserted into tissues

A

Implantable

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71
Q

Forcible, rapid beat of the heart felt by the patient

A

Palpitation

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72
Q

Occurring in sharp, spasmodic episodes

A

Paroxysmal

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73
Q

Enlargement of the heart

A

Cardiomegaly

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74
Q

Disease of heart muscle, the myocardium

A

Cardiomyopathy

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75
Q

Right sided heart failure arising from chronic lung disease

A

Cod pulmonale

76
Q

Collection of fluid that has escaped from blood vessels into a cavity or tissue

A

Effusion

77
Q

Inflammation of the lining of the heart

A

Endocarditis

78
Q

Fluid that has coma out of a tissue or its capillaries because of inflammation or injury

A

Exudate

79
Q

Failure of valves to close completely

A

Incompetence

80
Q

Lack of completeness of function; such as a failure of a heart valve to close properly

A

Insufficiency

81
Q

Inadequate or abnormal function

A

Malfunction

82
Q

Inflammation of the heart muscle

A

Myocarditis

83
Q

Inflammation of the pericardium, the covering of the heart

A

Pericarditis

84
Q

The falling or slipping of a body part from its normal position

A

Prolapse

85
Q

A manufactured substitute for s missing or diseased part of the body

A

Prosthesis / prosthetic

86
Q

To flow backward

A

Regurgitate

87
Q

Narrowing of a canal of passage

A

Stenosis

88
Q

Pathologic compression of an organ

A

Tamponade

89
Q

Without oxygen

A

Anoxia

90
Q

Pertaining to or suffering from a lack of oxygen

A

Anoxic

91
Q

Hardening of the arteries

A

Arteriosclerosis

92
Q

Pertaining to or suffering from arteriosclerosis

A

Arteriosclerotic

93
Q

Absence of contractions of the heart

A

Asystole

94
Q

Lipid deposit in the lining of an artery

A

Atheroma

95
Q

Surgical removal of the atheroma

A

Atherectomy

96
Q

Atheroma in arteries

A

Atherosclerosis

97
Q

Having decreased blood volume in the body

A

Hypovolemic

98
Q

To close, plug, or completely obstruct

A

Occlude

99
Q

A complete obstruction

A

Occlusion

100
Q

To force blood to blow through a lumen or a vascular bed

A

Perfuse

101
Q

The act of perfusing

A

Perfusion

102
Q

Path of abnormal tissue

A

Plaque

103
Q

Accustomed to little exercise or movement

A

Sedentary

104
Q

Underneath the tongue

A

Sublingual

105
Q

Under the sternum, or breastbone

A

Substernal

106
Q

Constriction stenosis

A

Coarctation

107
Q

Present at birth either inherited or due to an event during gestation up to the moment of birth

A

Congenital

108
Q

An absence, malformation or imperfection

A

Defect

109
Q

Persistent high arterial blood pressure

A

Hypertension

110
Q

Suffering from hypertension

A

Hypertensive

111
Q

Persistent low arterial blood pressure

A

Hypotension

112
Q

Precursor to hypertension

A

Prehypertension

113
Q

Difficulty in breathing when lying flat

A

Orthopnea

114
Q

Pertaining to or affected by orthopnea

A

Orthopneic

115
Q

An open, direct channel between the aorta and the pulmonary artery

A

Patent ductus arteriosus

116
Q

A bypass or diversion of fluid

A

Shunt

117
Q

Combination of signs and symptoms associated with a particular disease process

A

Syndrome

118
Q

Set of four congenital heart defects occurring together

A

Tetralogy of Fallot TOF

119
Q

Hollow tube that allows passage of fluid into or out of a body cavity organ or vessel

A

Catheter

120
Q

To introduce a catheter

A

Catheterize

121
Q

Introduction of a catheter

A

Catheterization

122
Q

Enzyme elevated in plasma following heart muscle damage in myocardial infarction

A

Creatine kinase

123
Q

An amino acid similar to cysteine

A

Homocysteine

124
Q

Molecules made of combinations of fat and protein

A

Lipoprotein

125
Q

Protein that increase the excretion of sodium

A

Natriuretic peptide

126
Q

Instrument that uses sound waves to create images of structures

A

Sonograph

127
Q

The technician who performs a sonogram

A

Sonographer

128
Q

Image obtained by using a sonograph

A

Sonogram

129
Q

Radio graphic image of selected slice of tissue

A

Tomography

130
Q

Device that converts energy from one form to another

A

Transducer

131
Q

Any of a group of gays containing three fatty acids

A

Triglyceride

132
Q

Removal of s tissue to destroy its function

A

Ablation

133
Q

Relating to the autonomic nervous system

A

Adrenergic

134
Q

Recanalization of blood vessel by surgery

A

Angioplasty

135
Q

An agent that constricts blood vessels

A

Angiotensin

136
Q

Second letter in the Greek alphabet

A

Beta

137
Q

Affecting the rate of rhythmic movements

A

Chronotropic

138
Q

Agent that increases curing output

A

Diuretic

139
Q

Affecting the contractility of cardiac muscle

A

Inotropic

140
Q

Wire mesh tube used to keep arteries open

A

Stent

141
Q

Radiograph obtained after injection of radioplaque contrast material into blood vessels

A

Angiogram

142
Q

Thick-walled blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart

A

Artery

143
Q

Continuous movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels

A

Circulation

144
Q

Intermittent leg pain and limping

A

Claudication

145
Q

Dilated, tortuous vein

A

Varix

146
Q

Characterized by varices

A

Varicose

147
Q

Collection of varicose veins

A

Varicosities

148
Q

Blood vessel carrying blood toward heart

A

Vein

149
Q

Radiograph of veins after injection of radioplaque contrast material

A

Venogram

150
Q

Pertaining to venous blood or the venous circulation

A

Venous

151
Q

Pertaining to the head and arm as an artery supplying blood to both

A

Brachiocephalic

152
Q

Main artery of the neck

A

Carotid

153
Q

Pertaining to or near the ilium

A

Iliac

154
Q

Pertaining to the back of the knee

A

Popliteal

155
Q

Underneath the clavicle

A

Subclavian

156
Q

Small terminal artery leading into the capillary network

A

Arteriole

157
Q

Medical name for the armpit

A

Axilla

158
Q

Pertaining to the axilla

A

Axillary

159
Q

Pertaining to the arm

A

Brachial

160
Q

Minute blood vessel between the arterial and venous system

A

Capillary

161
Q

Pertaining to the femur

A

Femoral

162
Q

Pertaining to the throat

A

Jugular

163
Q

Relating to the saphenous vein in the thigh

A

Saphenous

164
Q

Small vein leading from the capillary network

A

Venule

165
Q

Outer layer of connective tissue covering blood vessels or organs

A

Adventitia

166
Q

Inner layer of a structure, particularly a blood vessel

A

Intima

167
Q

Middle layer of a structure

A

Media

168
Q

Pertaining to the foot

A

Pedal

169
Q

Pertaining to the forearm

A

Radial

170
Q

Instrument for measuring arterial blood pressure

A

Sphygmomanometer

171
Q

A layer in the wall of a blood vessel or other tubular structure

A

Tunica

172
Q

Reduction in diameter of a blood vessel

A

Vasoconstriction

173
Q

Increase in the diameter of s blood vessel

A

Vasodilation

174
Q

A procedure during a physical examination in which temperature pulse rate respiration rate and blood pressure are measured to assess General health and cardio respiratory function

A

Vital signs

175
Q

Circumscribed dilation of an artery or cardiac chamber

A

Aneurysm

176
Q

Situated at the side, often to bypass an obstruction

A

Collateral

177
Q

Excessive accumulation of fluid in cells and tissues

A

Edema

178
Q

Pertaining to or marked by edema

A

Edematous

179
Q

Edema that maintains for a time indentations made by applying pressure to the area

A

Putting edema

180
Q

Detached piece of thrombus a mass of bacteria quality of air or foreign body that blocks a blood vessel

A

Embolus

181
Q

Inflammation of a vein

A

Phlebitis

182
Q

Person skilled in taking blood from veins

A

Phlebotomist

183
Q

Taking blood from a vein

A

Phlebotomy

184
Q

To collapse a vein by injecting a solution into it to harden it

A

Sclerotherapy

185
Q

A piece of detached blood clot

A

Thromboembolism

186
Q

Inflammation of a vein with clot formation

A

Thrombophlebitis

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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