Chapter 8: Exercise Metabolism And Bioenergetica Flashcards
What does the body need in order to properly function and meet the demands of exercise
Energy
What is the energy molecule that is used to do cellular work? How is it attained?
Adenosine triphosphate
It is attained through food substrates in a diet
What is the first law of thermodynamics
Energy that cannot be created or destroyed only converted from form into another
What metabolic process breaks carb into glycogen which then produces ATP ?
Glycolysis
What metabolic process takes free fatty acids from the breakdown of stored or consumed fats? The free fatty acids uses oxygen to create ATP
Aerobic pathway
What is by product of protein when digested or broken down?
Amino acids
Amino acids can be metabolized by which metabolic pathway?
Oxidative phosphorylation
Is oxidative phosphorylation safe?
No, it uses amino acids which are also the building blocks for building muscle mass
What are ketone bodies?
They are produced by the liver when there is a low amount of energy intake or low carb availability
What metabolic pathway uses ketone bodies?
They are oxidized by the oxidative phosphorylation pathway to create ATP
What are the two factor to exercise?
Intensity and duration. There’s a inverse relationship between the two
What does the body need in order to carry out exercise?
It needs fuel which is gathered by food that’s broken down by chemical reactions to provide energy and heat
What metabolic pathway is the fastest and easiest to give ATP?
ATP-PC . How ever it only give short amount duration activity due to the lack of PC
What anaerobic pathway generates ATP but not a lot ?
Glycolysis is both aerobic and anaerobic. Glycolysis creates pyruvate and ATP. Under anaerobic conditions the pyruvate created can cause lactic acid.
What metabolic pathway process ATP from oxygen and runs kinda slow
Oxidative phosphorylation
What does oxidative phosphorylation use (substrates)
It uses pyruvate from glucose, amino acids, fatty acids or ketone bodies as substrates molecules.
It’s by products can also make carbon dioxide which is then exhaled
What are the factors when deterring the type of energy used during exercise
Intensity and duration
What is steady state aerobic exercise
When a person is engaging in the same level of activity, the intensity doesn’t increase or decrease for several minutes
What is intermittent exercise?
Frequent changes in the work intensity during an activity
Does exercise increase metabolic rate, breathing rate
Obviously
When breathing is rapid and doesn’t allow much to any talking what metabolic activity is being used?
The body has more likely shifted to oxidizing which uses primarily carb in order to fuel the activity
What are the pros of lower instensitt activity for long period of time?
It burns a high percentage of fat but not a lot of calories. Unless performed for a very long time
What does higher intensity use during activity
It’s uses carbohydrates and burn more calories in a given time
What is TDEE
Total daily energy expenditure. It is the number of calories that a person burns in a day
What is RMR
Resting metabolic rate. The minimum number of calories needed at rest to keep a person alive and meet all functional needs of the body
What is TEF
Thermos effect of food . The number of calories that are used to digest a meal
What is NEAT
No exercise activity thermogenesis. Describes burning calories that are not structured exercise
What is EAT
Exercise activity thermogenesis. Calories burned during structured physical activity or purposeful exercise.
