Chapter 8-> Control of Gene Expression

Question 1

All cells contain the ______ DNA, cells can just regulate/control the genes they express

Answer 1

Same

Question 2

At any given time in a cell, only some genes are turned on to produce proteins, others are _________

Answer 2

Silenced

Question 3

A cell can control the proteins it makes by… (List 7)
think of the process of transcription to translation

Answer 3

1) Controlling when and how gene is transcribed
2) Controlling how the primary transcript is spliced
3) By selecting which mRNAs are transported to the cytoplasm
4) By degrading some mRNAs
5) By selecting which mRNAs are translated
6) Tagging proteins for degradation
7) Activating or inhibiting protein function

Question 4

What is transcriptional regulation?

Answer 4

Controlling the amount of mRNA that is transcribed from a particular gene

Question 5

The amount of protein in a cell is often directly related to the amount of _______ in the cell

Answer 5

mRNA

Question 6

Bacteria use ______ to regulate gene expression

Answer 6

Operons

Question 7

What is an operon?

Answer 7

Cluster of several related genes that are located together and controlled by a single promoter

Question 8

What three genes are used in the lac operon?

Answer 8

Laz Z, Lac Y, and Lac A

Question 9

Why are Lac Z, Lac Y, and Lac A necessary in the lac operon?

Answer 9

Necessary for transport and breakdown of lactose by bacterial cells

Question 10

Lac Operon is regulated by a protein called the _____ _____

Answer 10

Lac Repressor

Question 11

When bacteria are grown in the absence of lactose, the repressor protein binds to a sequence within the lac operon promoter called the operator and block RNA polymerase from transcribing Z, Y, and A Genes

Question 12

No lactose= no need for transcription and translation of the lac operon genes