Chapter 8 -9

Question 1

Activity of cells is powered by

Answer 1

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Question 2

what 3 things make ATP

Answer 2

adenine, 5 carbon sugar(ribose), 3 phosphate groups

Question 3

ADP can store more energy by adding a

Answer 3

phosphate via bond results in ATP production

Question 4

How do cells release energy stored in ATP

Answer 4

By breaking the bond between phosphate group

Question 5

organisms obtain energy by consuming food

Answer 5

heterotrophs

Question 6

organisms that make their own food using light (plants, algae, bacteria)

Answer 6

autotrophs

Question 7

Plants convert sunlight, or solar energy into chemical energy stored in bonds of carbs

Answer 7

photosynthesis

Question 8

Plants pigment to capture light

Answer 8

Chlorophyll

Question 9

T or F Red and blue are absorbed very well

Answer 9

True

Question 10

T or F Green is not absorbed well

Answer 10

true

Question 11

Plants cells contain

Answer 11

Chloroplasts

Question 12

Found within chloroplast-where light energy is captured

Answer 12

Thylakoids

Question 13

stack of thylakoids

Answer 13

granum

Question 14

Fluid portion of chloroplast located outside of thylakoids

Answer 14

stroma

Question 15

Where is glucose made

Answer 15

Stroma

Question 16

Plants use sugar to produce complex carbohydrates such as

Answer 16

starches

Question 17

Cells regenerate ATP from ADP by using energy

Answer 17

in glucose that is consumed

Question 18

Three factors that affect photosynthesis

Answer 18

temp, light intensity, water

Question 19

What reactant in photosynthesis can stop the process without it

Answer 19

Water

Question 20

Food molecules contain

Answer 20

chemical energy (atp) which is released when bonds are broken

Question 21

process that releases ATP by breaking down food in presence of O2 Oxygen

Answer 21

cellular respiration

Question 22

Three stages of Cellular Respiration

Answer 22

glycolysis
krebs cycle
electron transport

Question 23

Releases small amount of energy and occurs in cytoplasm
(leads to 2 other pathways that release lots of energy 1 involves oxygen and 1 does not

Answer 23

glycolysis

Question 24

The second stage of cellular respiration

Answer 24

Krebs cycle

Question 25

Krebs cycle

Answer 25

only operates when oxygen is available

Question 26

Aerobic respiration

Answer 26

pathway that requires oxygen

Question 27

What 2 stages of cellular respiration take lace in the mitochondria

Answer 27

krebs and electron transport

Question 28

anaerobic respiration

Answer 28

does not require oxygen

Question 29

Photosynthesis removes
Respiration

Answer 29

CO2 from atmosphere
puts it back

Question 30

A glucose molecule is is broken in half producing 2 molecules of pyruvic acid a 3 carbon compound

Answer 30

glycolysis

Question 31

glycolysis requires

Answer 31

2 atp to begin
total of 4 atp generated

Question 32

Releases energy from glucose by producing ADP in the absence of oxygen

Answer 32

Fermentation

Question 33

Where does fermentation occurs in

Answer 33

cytoplasm of cells (anerobic process)

Question 34

2 types of fermentation

Answer 34

alcoholic
lactic acid

Question 35

Process performed by bacterial yeast (produces 2 atp produces alcohol and carbon dioxide

Answer 35

Alcoholic fermentation

Question 36

Process performed by bacterial humans, needed for rapid bursts of activity exercise

Answer 36

Lactid acid fermentation