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Biology > Chapeter 15 > Flashcards

Chapeter 15 Flashcards

1
Q

Allows only these animals with desired characteristics to produce next generation

A

Selective breeding

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2
Q

crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms

A

Hybridization

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3
Q

What are the 2 requirements for hybridization. Each organism must:

A

have diploid numbers
share similar physical shape/size

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4
Q

continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics

A

Inbreeding

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5
Q

Risks of inbreeding

A

increases chances that crossing 2individuals will bring together 2 recessive alleles for genetic defect

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6
Q

Application of aa technological process to living organism

A

biotechnology

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7
Q

Steps to cut and customize DNA

A

step 1: create short piece of DNA
step 2: DNA can be joined to natural sequences using DNA ligase to produce recombinant

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8
Q

Joining together DNA from 2or more sources. Makes it possible to manipulate genetic composition of living organism

A

recombinant DNA

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9
Q

Smaller circular DNA found in bacteria used in recombinant DNA studies

A

plasmids

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10
Q

DNA is joined to _____________. Attempt is made to transform another bacteria with that_____________

A

Plasmid
gene

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11
Q

Gene added to distinguish which bacteria inherited desired gene

A

genetic marker

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12
Q

If successful foreign DNA is _________ __ __________

A

integrated to Plasmid

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13
Q

Genes passed to next generation

A

Vertical gene transfer

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14
Q

Genes passed within same generation

A

Horizontal gene transfer

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15
Q

Plasmids are beneficial to

A

bacteria
makes them resistant to antibiotics

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16
Q

When bacteria inherit plasmids, sequence will be replicated during__________ _____________ and passed to ________

A

asexual reproduction/offspring

17
Q

creation of organism that contain genes from other species. produced by insertion of recombinant DNA into genome of host organism

A

Transgenic organism

18
Q

Member of population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell

A

CLone

19
Q

____________________ organisms are more complicated to clone.

A

Multicellular

20
Q

Use of gel electrophoresis

A

DNA fingerprinting ( used in crime scene evidence or forensics

21
Q
A
22
Q

What do we use to cut DNA into fragments

A

restriction enzymes

23
Q

What can rejoin fragments together

A

DNA ligese

24
Q

What technique is used to make transgenic organisms?

A

genetic engineering

25
Q

What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis

A

How related organisms are to each other.
Seperates them.

26
Q

What is the source of the genetic variability

A

mutations are a source of genetic variability

Biology (16 decks)

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