Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > CHapteer 13 > Flashcards

CHapteer 13 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The process of using DNA to produce complementary RNA molecules is called_________

A

transcription

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The sequence of ____ in mRNA complements the sequence in the DNA template

A

bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

RNA is formed in the _______ and then travels to the ____________

A

nucleus—cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The enzyme _______________binds to DNA during transcription.

A

RNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

RNA polymerase binds to regions of DNA called

A

Promoters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Portions of RNA that are cut out and discarded

A

Introns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

_____ are spliced together to make the final mRNA

A

extrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A specific sequence of bases in DNA carries the directions for forming a ______________ a chain of amino acids.

A

polypeptide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The sequence of bases in mRNA is the

A

genetic code

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The four bases ___, ___, ___, ___ act as “letters”

A

A C G U

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Each “word” in mRNA is known as a ____________

A

codon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The process of decoding of an mRNA message into a protein a ribosome is

A

translation (occurs in cytoplasm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What begins when a ribosome attaches to an mRNA molecule

A

translation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Process in which DNA, RNA, and proteins are involved in putting genetic information into action in living cells

A

Gene expression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Changes in DNA

A

mutations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Involve changes in nucleotide

A

point mutations (occurs at single point in sequence)

17
Q

3 types of point mutations:

A

substitution, insertion, deletion

18
Q

1 base is changed to a different base

A

substitution ( changing 1 amino acid to a protein) sometimes they do not silent mutation

19
Q

1 base is inserted into DNA sequence

A

insertion

20
Q

1 base is removed from DNA sequence

A

deletion

21
Q

Insertion and deletion are both types of

A

frameshift mutation

22
Q

shift of reading frame of genetic message…affects every amino acid after point of change- protein does not function due to improper folding

A

Frameshift mutation

23
Q

changes an amino acid to a stop codon

A

nonsense mutation

24
Q

Chemical or physical agents that cause mutations

A

mutagens

25
Q

pesticides, tobacco, environmental pollutants

A

chemical agents

26
Q

x-ray, uv radiation

A

physical agents

27
Q

RNA contains

A

ribose, phosphate, uracil

28
Q

DNA contains

A

dioxide ribose thymine

29
Q

What are 3 types of RNA

A

rRNA
mRNA
tRNA

30
Q

7 AA - 7 codons - ____ bases

A

21

31
Q

DNA —> RNA —->

A

Protein

32
Q

What causes translation to stop?

A

stop codon

Biology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions