Chapter 8

Question 1

communication process model

Answer 1

communication flows through one or more channels between the send and receiver. The send forms a message and encodes it into words, gestures, voice intonation, and other symbols and signs. That encoded message is then transmitted to the intended receiver through voice, text, nonverbal cues, or other channels. The receiver senses and decodes that incoming message into something meaningful

Question 2

What happens when the sender sends the message to the receiver

Answer 2

the receiver hen forms feedback and encodes feedback, for the original sender to receive and decode on their own.

Question 3

what is always apart of the communication process model

Answer 3

noise; can distort senders message

Question 4

verbal communication

Answer 4

uses words, so it includes spoken or written channels

Question 5

nonverbal communication

Answer 5

any part of communication that does not use words; includes facial gestures, voice innovation, physical distance, even silence

Question 6

when is nonverbal necessary

Answer 6

where noise or physical distance presents effective verbal exchanges and where the need for immediate feedback precludes written communication

Question 7

how is nonverbal different from verbal communication

Answer 7

it is less rule-bound, more ambiguous and susceptible to misinterpretation, is usually automatic and non conscious

Question 8

emotional cognition

Answer 8

the non conscious process of “catching” or sharing another person’s emotions by mimicking that person’s facial expression and other nonverbal behavior

Question 9

media richness

Answer 9

refers to the communication channel’s data-carrying capacity–the volume and variety of information that can be transmitted during a specific time

Question 10

when does something have a high richness

Answer 10

when it is not as routine/clear and allows to convey multiple cues (both verbal and nonverbal), and allows timely feedback from receiver to sender, makes use of complex signals, allows sender to customize the message to the receiver

Question 11

what are the exceptions to media richness

Answer 11

doesn’t apply well to electronic channels; able to multi-communicate through lean channels, more varied proficiency levels, lean channels have less social distraction than do media rich channels

Question 12

what are some communication barriers

Answer 12

imperfect perceptual process, language problems, filtering, information overload

Question 13

imperfect perceptual process

Answer 13

might not just being paying attention enough which could change how it is received, or might not be putting ourselves in others shoes and relaying message the right way to make it easy to understand

Question 14

language problems

Answer 14

could have different codebooks; could be different languages or different meanings for particular words and phrases

Question 15

filtering

Answer 15

may involve deleting or delaying negative information or using less harsh words so the message sounds more favorable

Question 16

information overload

Answer 16

a condition in which the volume of information received exceeds the person’s capacity to process it

Question 17

what are some cross-cultural communication barriers

Answer 17

language problems, voice intonation differences, different meaning of silence and conversional overlap, nonverbal differences

Question 18

nonverbal differences across cultures

Answer 18

many nonconscious or involuntary nonverbal cues have the same meaning around the world, but deliberate gestures often have different interpretation

Question 19

examples of cultural nonverbal differences

Answer 19

shaking head no (could mean I understand), raising eyebrows (yes or no), eye contact (respect or show it by looking down)

Question 20

men in communication

Answer 20

view conversations more as power, status, functionality; report talk, give advice quickly, dominate conversation

Question 21

women in communication

Answer 21

consider more interpersonal relations; rapport talk, indirect advice/requests, sensitive to nonverbal cues

Question 22

what are the three parts of active listening process and strategies

Answer 22

sensing, evaluating, responding

Question 23

sensing

Answer 23

postpone evaluation by not forming an opinion until finished, avoid interrupting, remain motivated to listen to the speaker

Question 24

evaluating

Answer 24

understanding the message meaning, evaluating the message, remembering the message; empathize, also through organizing the speakers idea during the communication episode

Question 25

responding

Answer 25

providing feedback to the sender (motivates and directs the speakers communication; shown through eye contact and sending back channel signals), clarifying the message or rephrasing the ideas at appropriate breaks like, “so you’re saying that..”