Chapter 1

Question 1

organizational behavior

Answer 1

the study of what people think, feel, and do in and around organizations; looks at employee behavior, decisions, perceptions, and emotional responses

Question 2

organizations

Answer 2

groups of people who work interdependently toward some purpose; collective entities; collective sense of purpose

Question 3

Why study OB

Answer 3

comprehend and predict workplace events, adopt more accurate personal theories, influence organizational events

Question 4

what are organizations deeply affected by

Answer 4

the external environment

Question 5

what are the four major environmental developments facing organizations

Answer 5

technological change, globalization, emerging employment relationships, increasing workforce diversity

Question 6

What has technological change affected

Answer 6

technological changes that boost productivity, but displace employees and occupational groups/
different social medias are slowly replacing email and will change how others associate with one another

Question 7

what challenges has technological change caused

Answer 7

tethering people to their jobs for longer hours, reducing their attention spans, and increasing techno-stress

Question 8

what has technology almost made organizations become

Answer 8

less of a place where people work and more of a process or network where people collaborate across space and time

Question 9

globalization

Answer 9

refers to economic, social, and cultural connectivity with people in other parts of the world

Question 10

positives of globalization

Answer 10

larger markets, lower costs, greater access to knowledge an innovation

Question 11

negatives of globalization

Answer 11

increasing work intensification, reduced job security, poor work-life balance in developed countries

Question 12

emerging employment relationships changes

Answer 12

globalization has created almost 24/7 hour schedule because of different time zones/
information technology enables people to communicate quicker and past their normal work day/
trend to work away from the organizations traditional common work cite

Question 13

work-life balance

Answer 13

when people are able to minimize conflict between their work and non work demands

Question 14

best form of remote work

Answer 14

telecommuting

Question 15

telecommuting

Answer 15

whereby information technology enables employees to work from home on more workdays per month rather than the office

Question 16

what has helped increase workforce diversity

Answer 16

globalization; increased diversity of people you are working and partnering with

Question 17

surface level diversity

Answer 17

observable demographic and other overt differences among members of a group , such as their race, ethnicity, gender, age, and physical capabilities

Question 18

deep level diversity

Answer 18

differences in personalities, beliefs, values, and attitudes; can’t see it all

Question 19

advantages of diversity

Answer 19

different knowledge and skills, tend to be more creative and make better decisions

Question 20

disadvantages of diversity

Answer 20

can take longer to perform effectively together because they experience numerous communication problems and create “fault liens” in informal group dynamics; increased risk of dysfunctional conflict

Question 21

what is the systematic research anchor;

Answer 21

should be based on systematic research, which involves forming research questions, collecting data, and testing hypothesis against the data

Question 22

evidence based management

Answer 22

involves making decisions and taking actions guided by the research evidence

Question 23

multidisciplinary anchor

Answer 23

import knowledge from other disciplines, not just create its own knowledge

Question 24

contingency anchor

Answer 24

field of organizational behavior recognizes this by stating that the effect of one variable on another variable often depends on the characteristics of the situation or the people involved

Question 25

multiple levels of analysis anchor

Answer 25

what goes on in organizations can be placed into three levels; most variables are understood best by thinking of them from al three levels of analysis

Question 26

what are the multiple levels of analysis anchor

Answer 26

individual, team, organization

Question 27

organizational effectiveness

Answer 27

the outcome that most OB theories are ultimately trying to achieve; ultimate “dependent variable”

Question 28

open systems perspective

Answer 28

views organizations as complex organisms that “live” with an external environment; depend on the external environment

Question 29

why does open systems depend on external environment

Answer 29

for raw materials, job applicants, financial resources, information, and equipment/
laws and cultural norms

Question 30

what does open system do

Answer 30

transform inputs into outputs; receive information about how valuable their outputs are, availability of future inputs, and the appropriateness of the transformation process

Question 31

high performance work practices relation to open system

Answer 31

offers guidance about specific subsystem characteristics or organizational practices that make the transformation process more effective

Question 32

high performance work practices

Answer 32

believe that human capital–the knowledge, skills, and abilities that employees possess–is an important source of competitive advantage for organizations; transform inputs and outputs better, by being more sensitive to the external environment and by having better relationships with key stakeholders

Question 33

four most frequently identified HPWP

Answer 33

employee involvement, job autonomy, competency development, and rewards

Question 34

HPWP improve effectiveness in three ways

Answer 34

develop employee skills and knowledge (human capital), become more adaptable with more human capital, strengthen motivation and positive attitudes

Question 35

What does each letter stand for in the mars model

Answer 35

motivation, ability, role perceptions, situational factors

Question 36

what are the different elements of motivation

Answer 36

direction, intensity, persistence