Chapter 1 Flashcards
organizational behavior
the study of what people think, feel, and do in and around organizations; looks at employee behavior, decisions, perceptions, and emotional responses
organizations
groups of people who work interdependently toward some purpose; collective entities; collective sense of purpose
Why study OB
comprehend and predict workplace events, adopt more accurate personal theories, influence organizational events
what are organizations deeply affected by
the external environment
what are the four major environmental developments facing organizations
technological change, globalization, emerging employment relationships, increasing workforce diversity
What has technological change affected
technological changes that boost productivity, but displace employees and occupational groups/
different social medias are slowly replacing email and will change how others associate with one another
what challenges has technological change caused
tethering people to their jobs for longer hours, reducing their attention spans, and increasing techno-stress
what has technology almost made organizations become
less of a place where people work and more of a process or network where people collaborate across space and time
globalization
refers to economic, social, and cultural connectivity with people in other parts of the world
positives of globalization
larger markets, lower costs, greater access to knowledge an innovation
negatives of globalization
increasing work intensification, reduced job security, poor work-life balance in developed countries
emerging employment relationships changes
globalization has created almost 24/7 hour schedule because of different time zones/
information technology enables people to communicate quicker and past their normal work day/
trend to work away from the organizations traditional common work cite
work-life balance
when people are able to minimize conflict between their work and non work demands
best form of remote work
telecommuting
telecommuting
whereby information technology enables employees to work from home on more workdays per month rather than the office
what has helped increase workforce diversity
globalization; increased diversity of people you are working and partnering with
surface level diversity
observable demographic and other overt differences among members of a group , such as their race, ethnicity, gender, age, and physical capabilities
deep level diversity
differences in personalities, beliefs, values, and attitudes; can’t see it all
advantages of diversity
different knowledge and skills, tend to be more creative and make better decisions
disadvantages of diversity
can take longer to perform effectively together because they experience numerous communication problems and create “fault liens” in informal group dynamics; increased risk of dysfunctional conflict
what is the systematic research anchor;
should be based on systematic research, which involves forming research questions, collecting data, and testing hypothesis against the data
evidence based management
involves making decisions and taking actions guided by the research evidence
multidisciplinary anchor
import knowledge from other disciplines, not just create its own knowledge
contingency anchor
field of organizational behavior recognizes this by stating that the effect of one variable on another variable often depends on the characteristics of the situation or the people involved
multiple levels of analysis anchor
what goes on in organizations can be placed into three levels; most variables are understood best by thinking of them from al three levels of analysis
what are the multiple levels of analysis anchor
individual, team, organization
organizational effectiveness
the outcome that most OB theories are ultimately trying to achieve; ultimate “dependent variable”
open systems perspective
views organizations as complex organisms that “live” with an external environment; depend on the external environment
why does open systems depend on external environment
for raw materials, job applicants, financial resources, information, and equipment/
laws and cultural norms
what does open system do
transform inputs into outputs; receive information about how valuable their outputs are, availability of future inputs, and the appropriateness of the transformation process
high performance work practices relation to open system
offers guidance about specific subsystem characteristics or organizational practices that make the transformation process more effective
high performance work practices
believe that human capital–the knowledge, skills, and abilities that employees possess–is an important source of competitive advantage for organizations; transform inputs and outputs better, by being more sensitive to the external environment and by having better relationships with key stakeholders
four most frequently identified HPWP
employee involvement, job autonomy, competency development, and rewards
HPWP improve effectiveness in three ways
develop employee skills and knowledge (human capital), become more adaptable with more human capital, strengthen motivation and positive attitudes
What does each letter stand for in the mars model
motivation, ability, role perceptions, situational factors
what are the different elements of motivation
direction, intensity, persistence
