Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nursing Lab / Normal.Values > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Lack of urine output

<100mL/ 24 hours

A

Anuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A behavioral therapy designed to help patients control bothersome urinary urgency and frequency

A

Bladder training program

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Irritation or imflammation of the bladder

A

Cystitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Overfilling of the bladder resulting in muscle stretching- verified by physical assessment of the bladder

A

Distention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Caused by factors that prohibit or interfere with a patients access to the toilet or other acceptable recepticle for urine

A

Functional incontinence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Abnormal presence of blood in the urine

A

Hematuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Urination; act of passing or expelling urine voluntarily through the urethra

A

Micturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Diminished urinary output in relation to fluid intake <500mL / 24 hours or < 30mL / hour

A

Oliguria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Voiding excessive amounts of urine

A

Polyuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Volume of urine remaining in the bladder after a normal voiding; the bladder normally is almost completely empty after micturation

A

Residual urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dribbling incontinence or urinary frequency with a full bladder- caused by chronic urinary retention

Inability to respond adequately to urge to void

A

Retention with overflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are factors that

Affect the volume of urine and the voiding process

A

1) growth and development
2) sociocultural factors
3) psychological factors
4) medication
5) daignostic examinations
6) muscle tone
7) interruption of flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ability to meet urinary needs and level of development- infant

A

1) lack of bladder control
2) immature kidneys and small bladder
3) unable to concentrate urine effectively
( Specific gravity around 1.008)
4) output 250-500mL q day
5) urinary control development age 2-5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ability to meet urinary needs according to developmental level- preschooler

A

1) cognitive ability to respond to urge to void
2) accidents occur
3) girls should be taught to wipe front to back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ability to meet urinary needs according to developmental level- school age children

A

1) kidneys double in size between ,5-10 years
2) larger bladder
3) urinate 6-8 times q day
4) Enuresis- involuntary passing of urine when control should have been established ( about 5 years old)
5) Noctura- bed wetting; involuntary passing of urine during sleep, not a problem until after age 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Specific gravity of infant urine

A

1.008

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Kidneys double in size between ages ?

A

5-10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Involuntary passing of urine when control should have been established

A

Enuresis

Control should be established by age 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Bed wetting; involuntary passing of urine during sleep; not a problem until

A

NOCTURIA

NOT. A problem until age 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Effect of age and developmental level on ability to meet urinary elimination need- eldery

A

1) decreased bladder capacity
2) 30% of nephrons lost by age 80
3) renal blood flow decreases
4) ability to concentrate urine decreases
5) bladder muscle tone decreases
6) risk for incontinence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

30% of nephrons are lost by age _____?

A

80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Normal urine volume in 24hr

A

1500-2500mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Composition of normal urine

A

94% water, 4% solutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Normal urine pH

A

4.5-8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Alkaline urine common with _____

A

UTI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Normal.amount of acetone( ketones) in urine

A

0 none

27
Q

Normal.amount of protien in urine?

A

0- none, albumen in the urine is a sensitive indicator of kidney function

( Damage to glomerular membrane)

28
Q

Normal RBC in urine

A

0 ( except during menstruation )

29
Q

Acidic urine is common in diseases dealing with _______?

A

Metabolism

30
Q

Normal glucose in the urine

A

0

31
Q

WBC in the urine, normal value?

A

0-5 only present during infection or inflammation

32
Q

Compressed protien, cells, debris formed in the kidney tubules

A

Casts, normally 0 casts in the urine

33
Q

Normal.specific gravity of urine

A

1.010 - 1.025

34
Q

Identify essential data to be collected for a patient for a patient to meet the basic need of urinary elimination

A

1) through the patients eyes
2) self-care-ability
3) cultural considerations
4) pattern urination
5) symptoms of urinary alternations
6) physical assessment
7) intake and output
8) laboratory and diagnostic testing
9) diagnostic examinations

35
Q

Health promotion strategies relationship related to the basic need of urinary elimination

A

1) maintain adequate hydration
2) keep good voiding habits
3) prevent urinary tract infections
4) quit smoking
5) report changes in bladder habbits
6) keep your bowels regular

36
Q

Common problems with urinary elimination

A

1) dysuria
2) enuresis
3) frequency
4) NOCTURIA
5) retention
6) urgency
7) urinary incontinence

37
Q

Causes of dysuria

A

UTI, inflammation of prostate, urethritis, trauma, to the lower urinary tract, urinary tract tumors.

38
Q

Common causes of NOCTURIA (nocturnal anuresis)

A

Excess intake of fluids, bladder outlet obstruction, over reactive bladder, medication, cardiovascular disease, UTI

39
Q

Suddenly unable to void when bladder is adequately full or overfull

A

Acute retention

40
Q

Bladder doe not empty completely during voiding and urine is retained in the bladder ( happens all the time)

A

Chronic rentention

41
Q

Repeated involuntary urination in children beyond the age when voluntary bladder control is normally aquired

A

Enuresis

42
Q

Voiding more than 8 times during waking hours and or/ at decreased intervals such as less than every two hours

A

Frequency

43
Q

Inflammation of the urethra

A

Urethritis

44
Q

Common cuases of urinary frequency problems

A 
High fluid intake,
Bladder irritants
UTI 
Increased pressure on bladder( pregnancy) 
Bladder outlet obstruction 
Over reactive bladder
45
Q

Common cuases of urinary urgency

A

Full bladder, UTI, inflammation, or irritation of the vladder, overreactive bladder

46
Q

Common causes of rentention

A

Bladder outlet obstruction, absent or weak bladder contractility, side effects of medications

47
Q

Data which indicates the presence of urinary retention and imlaired urinary elimination

A

Distention, discomfort, feeling of pressure, tenderness over symphasis pubis, restlessness, diaphoresis

Small volume voiding, incontinence of small volumes of urine, no urinary output over several hour

Chronic- decrease in voiding vol. Straining to void, fequency, urgency, incontinence and sensation of incomplete emptying

48
Q

Incomplete emptying of the bladder

A

Urinary retention

49
Q

Defining characteristics of urinary retention

A

Absent urinary output, bladder distention, dribbling of urine, dysuria, frequent voiding overflow incontinence, residual urine, sensation of bladder fullness, small voiding

50
Q

Definition of impaired urinary elimination

A

Dysfunction in urine elimination

51
Q

Defining characteristics of impaired urinary elimination

A

Anatomic obstruction, multiple causality; sensory motor impairment; urinary tract infection

52
Q

Residual volume more that 150-250mL

A

Urinary retention

53
Q

Interventions for urinary retention

A

PMH ( past medical history)
Pain assessment
Physical assessment
Recognize retention as medical emergency
Review medications
Bladder scam
Attempt non-invasive methods of encouraging voiding
Insert catheter using CDC recommendations

54
Q

Interventions to promote comfort and maintain skin integrity

A

1) containment of urine
2) gentle skin cleansing with no-rinse pH balance cleanser
3) use of moisturizer
4) apply moisture barrier product

55
Q

A toilet schedule based on the patients usual voiding pattern

A

Habit training

56
Q

A program of toileting designed for patients with mild or moderate cognitive impairment

A

Prompted voiding

57
Q

Involves teaching patients how to indentify and contact pelvic floor muscles

A

Pelvic muscle exersizes

58
Q

Behavioral therapy designed to help patients control bothersome urinary urgency and frequency

A

Bladder training

59
Q

Nursing interventions in prevention or treatment of cystitis and UTI

A

A) EDUCATION
Maintain adequate fluid intake
Void when urge is felt before and after sex
Proper Peri care ( avoid bubble baths, harsh soaps and powder)
Avoid synthetic underwear
Avoid tight fitting clothes that restrict urethra

60
Q

When to empty the catheter drainage bag

A

1/2 full

61
Q

Keep the urinary drainage bag _______ the level of the bladder

A

Below

62
Q

Patients in acute care should have urinary catheters inserted useing ________ technique and _________ equipment

A

Aseptic technique

Sterile equipment

63
Q

Obtain urine samples from an indwelling catheter using the…..

A

Sample port
Clean the port with disinfectant
Use a sterile syringe/ cannula

Nursing Lab / Normal.Values (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions