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Nursing Lab / Normal.Values > Basic Need: Coping With Stress Week 9 > Flashcards

Basic Need: Coping With Stress Week 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

A process of changing to better enable survival and function within and environment

A

Adaptation

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2
Q

Transition for better or worse in the course of a disease, usually indicated by marked change in intensity of signs and symptoms
1 stress overwhelms individual
2 results from failure of a person’s coping mechanisms
3 resulting in a turning point/ change in a person’s life

A

Crisis

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3
Q

Any event, situation, or other stimulus encountered in a person’s external or internal environment that nessesitates change or adaptation by the person

A

Stressor

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4
Q

An emotion or feeling of apprehension; aroused by an impending or seeming danger. Pain, or perceived threat

  1. May or may not be based on reality
  2. May be indentifiable
  3. May be present
  4. Specific and definite
  5. Related to a physical, psychological event, object or phenomenon
A

Fear

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5
Q

How a person interprets the impact of a stressor ; a personal evaluation of the meaning of the event to what is happening and a consideration of the resources on hand to help manage the stressors

A

Appraisal

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6
Q

Physiological or psychological tension that threatens homeostasis or a person’s psychological equilibrium

A

Stress

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7
Q
  1. A common reaction to stress
  2. A persistent feeling of dread, apprehension or foreboding

A state of mental uneasiness

A

Anxiety

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8
Q

The process by which the body responds to stressors in order to regain homeostasis

A

Allostasis

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9
Q

An unconscious pyschological mechanism that reduces anxiety arrising from stress and unacceptable or potentially harmful stimuli

A

Defense mechanism

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10
Q

Making an effort to manage psychological stress

  1. The person’s cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage a stressor
  2. The process by which a person consicously attempts to master, minimize, or tolerate stressors and problems in life
A

Coping

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11
Q

Stressors

Major life changes 
Work 
Relationship difficulty
Financial worries 
Being too busy 
Children and family
A

Psychosocial stressors

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12
Q

Stressors

Inability to accept uncertainty 
Pessimism
Negative self talk 
Unrealistic expectations 
Perfectionism 
Lack of assertiveness
A

Physiological stressors

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13
Q

Physical manifestations of stress

A 
Pupils dialates 
Sweat 
Increased pulse 
Decreased peristalsis 
Blood sugar increases
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14
Q

Verbal manifestations or stress

A

Voice changes
Voice tremmors
Increased questioning
Difficult to understand

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15
Q

Motor manifestations of stress

A 
Restlessness 
Tremors 
Inability to relax
Sleeplessness 
Poor motor coordination
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16
Q

Psychological and emotional manifestations of stress

A 
Anxiety 
Fear 
Anger 
Depression 
May cause one to question thier spiritual beliefs 
May affect relationships
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17
Q

Cognitive manifestations of stress

A 
Problem solving 
Structuring 
Suppression 
Fantasy 
Self-control
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18
Q

Levels of anxiety

Vital signs are normal 
Not much muscle tension 
Thoughts are random but controlled
Aware of different stimuli in environment 
Preforming habbits normally
A

Mild anxiety

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19
Q

Levels of anxiety

Vitals are normal but slightly elevated
Have tension but not uncomfortable
Alert and attentive
At perfect state of mind for solving problems
Feel ready, energized, and ready to learn
Voice and body language are interested and concerned

A

Moderate anxiety

20
Q

Levels of anxiety

Going through fight or flight
Beginning alarm stage
Vitals become increased, appetite decreased
Problem solving is very difficult
Have selective attention- focus on detail
Block out threatening stimuli ay have aches and pains
Might feel irritable
Increased need for own space

A

Severe anxiety

21
Q

Levels of anxiety

Physical symptoms escalate to dangerous stage
Might be pale, hearing mistakes, may not percieve pain
Feels like having a heart attack
Feeling helpless and loss of control
Feeling angry, lost, and completely disorganized

A

Panic

22
Q

What are the three stages of selves general adaptation syndrome

A

Alarm stage
Resistence stage
Exhaustion stage

23
Q

Stages of selyes general adaptation

CNS aroused- fight or flight
Increased hormones, increased blood volume, increased BP
Pupils dialate
If this continues the person moves toward the next stage

A

Alarm stage

24
Q

Selyes general adaptation syndrome stages

1) cominuation of fight or flight
2) body stabilizes
3) hormones, bp, p should return to normal
4) body trys to repair
5) body defenses become weaker because of consumed energy
6) body remains on guard particularly when stressor presist

A

Resistence stage

25
Q

Selye’s general adaptation syndrome stages

1) continuous stress causes breakdown of compensatory mechanisms
2) occurs when the body is no longer able to resist the effects of the stressor and reduce their harmful impact because adaptive energy is drained
3) the gate to burnout or stress overload
4) can lead to health issue HTN depression, sleep deprivation, chronic fatigue, autoimmune disorders
5) if stressor is not alleviated death will occur

A

Exhaustion stage

26
Q

Unconscious ego defense mechanisms

A

Denial
Regression
Displacement

27
Q

Avoiding emotional conflicts by refusing to consicously acknowledge anything that causes intolerable emotional pain

A

Denial

28
Q

Coping with a stressor through actions and behavoirs associated with an earlier developmental period

A

Regression

29
Q

Transferring emotions, ideas, or wishes from a stressful situation to less anxiety producing substitute

A

Displacement

30
Q

Denial

Regression and displacement are all examples

A

Unconsious Ego defense mechanisms

31
Q

Three factors influencing stress

A

Situational
Maturational
Sociocultural

32
Q

Factor influencing stress that arises from personal job or family changes

E.g. promotion, burnout, rotating shifts, chronic illness, downsizing, etc

A

Situational

33
Q

Factors influencing stress

Stressors that vary with life stage

E.g. physical appearance, peer groups, beginning a family or career, accepting aging, change in family structure

A

Maturational stress factors

34
Q

Factors influencing stress

Environmental, cultural, social stressors

Eg. Prolonged poverty, physical handicap, violence, disintegrating nieghborhoods, homelessness, gender roles, family relationships

A

Sociocultural factors influencing stress

35
Q

Effect of stress on basic physiological needs

A

Altered elimination patern, changes in appetite, altered sleep patern

36
Q

Effects of stress on basic need for safety and security

A

Inattention to safety matters, nervousness and feeling of being threatened, focus on stress

37
Q

Effects of stress on basic need of self esteem

A

Failure to socialize with others, becomes a workaholic, draws attention to self

38
Q

Effects of stress on basic need self actualization

A

Preoccupied with own problem, shows lack of control, unable to accept reality

39
Q

Identify health promotion activities which may assist an individual in coping with stress

A

1) regular exercise
2) support system
3) time management
4) nutrition
5) sleep/ rest
6) guided imagery and visualization
7) progressive muscle relaxation
8) assertiveness training
9) journal writing
10) mindfulness-based stress reduction

40
Q

Generic name for Ativan

A

Lorazepam

41
Q

Use of lorazepam

A

Anxiety, irritability, with pyschiatric or organic disorders, pre-op, insomnia, achohol withdrawl seizure prophylaxis,

42
Q

Side effects of lorazepam/Ativan

A

Dizziness, drowsiness, orthostatic hypotension, apnea, tachycardia, unsteadiness

43
Q

Nursing implications for lorazepam/ Ativan

A

Habit forming, may increase cognitive impairment in older adults, avoid alcohol and other pyschotropic meds

44
Q

Ativan/ lorazepam action

A

Sedative, hypnotic, anti-anxiety

45
Q

Define nursing diagnosis anxiety

A

A feeling of discomfort cussed by anticipation of danger, accompanied by autonomic response

46
Q

Response to percieved threat that is consicously recognized as danger

A

Nanda definition of fear

Nursing Lab / Normal.Values (18 decks)

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