Chapter 8

Question 1

is that management function which “involves influencing others to engage in the work behaviors necessary to reach organization goals

Answer 1

Leading

Question 2

A person who occupies a higher position over persons in lower positions within the organization

Answer 2

Legitimate Power

Question 3

when a person has the ability to give rewards to anybody who follows orders or request, he is said to have

Answer 3

Reward power

Question 4

rewards may be classified into two forms

Answer 4

material and psychic

Question 5

refer to money or other tangible benefits like cars, house and lot, etc.

Answer 5

material rewards

Question 6

when a person compels another to comply with order through threats or punishment, he is said to possess

Answer 6

Coercive power

Question 7

when a person can get compliance from another because the latter would want to be identified with the former, that person is said to have

Answer 7

referent power

Question 8

experts provide specialized information regarding their specific lines of expertise

Answer 8

expert power

Question 9

the process of influencing and supporting others to work enthusiastically toward achieving objectives

Answer 9

leadership

Question 10

traits of effective leaders

Answer 10

1. a high level of personal drive
2. the desire to lead
3. personal integrity
4. self-confidence
5. analytical ability of judgement
6. knowledge of the company
7. charisma
8. creativity
9. flexibility

Question 11

are those identified as willing to accept responsibility, possess vigor initiative, persistence, and health

Answer 11

persons with drive

Question 12

is a very important leadership trait because of the possibility of failure in every attempt to achieve certain goals

Answer 12

Drive

Question 13

plant director of the polo plant of san miguel corporation between 1992 and 1994

Answer 13

paul mediarito

Question 14

there are some persons who have all the qualifications for leadership, yet they could not become leaders because they lack one special requirement

Answer 14

the desire to lead

Question 15

according to ________ integrity means and includes honesty, honour, incorruptibility, rectitude, righteousness, uprightness, and similar virtues

Answer 15

v.k. saraf

Question 16

leadership skills

Answer 16

1. technical skills
2. human skills
3. conceptual skills

Question 17

these are skills a leader must possess to enable him to understand and make decisions about work processes, activities, and technology

Answer 17

technical skills

Question 18

these skills refer to the ability of a leader to deal with people, both inside and outside the organization

Answer 18

human skills

Question 19

the skills prefer to the ability to think in abstract terms to see how parts fit together to form the whole

Answer 19

conceptual skills

Question 20

behavior approaches to leadership styles

Answer 20

1. according to the ways leaders approach people to motivate them
2. according to the way the leader uses power
3. according to the leaders orientation towards task and people

Question 21

ways leaders approach people

Answer 21

1. positive leadership
2. negative leadership

Question 22

ways leader uses power

Answer 22

1. autocratic
2. participative
3. free-rein

Question 23

leaders who make decisions themselves, without consulting subordinates are called

Answer 23

autocratic leaders

Question 24

is effective in emergencies and when absolute followership is needed

Answer 24

autocratic style

Question 25

when a leader openly invites his subordinates to participate or share in decisions, policy-making and operations methods, he is said to be a

Answer 25

participative leaders

Question 26

leaders who set objectives and allow employees or subordinates relative freedom to do whatever it takes to accomplish these objectives, are called

Answer 26

free-rein leaders

Question 27

leaders orientation toward tasks and people

Answer 27

1. employee oriented
2. task oriented

Question 28

the various contingency approaches are as follows

Answer 28

1. fiedler’s contingency model
2. hersey and blanchard’s situational leadership model
3. path-goal model of leadership
4. vroom’s decision making model

Question 29

the situational characteristics is determined by three principal factors

Answer 29

1. the relations between leaders and followers
2. the structure of the task
3. the power inherent in the leaders position

Question 30

is for people who lack competence but are enthusiastic and commited

Answer 30

directing

Question 31

is for people who have some competence but lack commitment

Answer 31

coaching

Question 32

is for people who have competence but lack of confidence or motivation

Answer 32

supporting

Question 33

is for people who have both competence and commitment

Answer 33

delegating

Question 34

espoused by robert j. house and terence r. mitchell, stipulates that leadership can be made effective because leader can influence subordinates perceptions of their work goals, personal goals, and paths to goal attainment

Answer 34

path-goal model of leadership

Question 35

leadership styles, the leadership styles which may be used by path-goal proponents are as follows

Answer 35

1. directive leadership
2. supportive leadership
3. participative leadership
4. achivement-oriented leadership

Question 36

where the leader focuses on clear task assignments, standards of successful performance, and work schedules

Answer 36

directive leadership

Question 37

where subordinates are treated as equals in a friendly manner while striving to improve their well-being

Answer 37

supportive leadership

Question 38

where the leader consults with subordinate to seek their suggestions and then seriously considers those suggestions when making decisions

Answer 38

participative leadership

Question 39

where the leader set challenging goals, emphasize excellent, and seek continous improvement while maintaining a high degree of confidence that subordinate will meet difficult challenges in a responsible manner

Answer 39

achievement-oriented leadership