Chapter 4 Flashcards
refers to “the structuring of resources and activities to accomplish objectives in an efficient and effective manner.”
Organizing
When structuring an organization, an engineer manager must be concerned with the following:
- Division of Labor
- Delegation of Authority
- Departmentation
- Span of Control
- Coordination
determining the scope of work and how it is combined in a job.
Division of Labor
the process of assigning various degrees of decision making authority to subordinates.
Delegation of Authority
the grouping of related jobs, activities, or processes into major organizational subunits.
Departmentation
the number of people who report directly to a given manager.
Span of Control
the linking of activities in the organization that serves to achieve
a common goal or objective.
Coordination
“the structure that details lines of responsibilities, authority, and position.”
Formal Organization
a planned structure that represent the deliberate attempt to
establish patterned relationships among components that will meet the objectives
effectively.
organization chart
The formal structure is described by management through:
organization chart
organizational manual
policy manual
Types of Organizational Structures
Functional organization
Product or market organization
Matrix organization
is a diagram of the organization’s official positions and formal lines of authority.
Organization Chart
provides written descriptions of authority relationships, detailed the functions of major organizational units, and describes job procedures.
Organization Manual
describes personnel activities and company policies.
Policy Manual
There an instance in an organization where its members spontaneously form a group with friendship as a principal reason for belonging. This group is called an
informal group
According to _____________, although informal groups are useful but it “is
vulnerable to expediency, manipulation, and opportunism.”
Raymond F. Valentine
A form of departmentalization in which everyone engaged in one functional activity, such as engineering or marketing, is grouped in one unit.
Functional Organization
this refers to the organization of a company by divisions that brings together all those involved with a certain type of product or customer.
Product or market organization
an organizational structure in which each employee reports to both a functional or division manager and to a project or group manager
Matrix organization
Reasons for joining/forming a group
Friendship
Common Interest
Proximity
Need Satisfaction
Collective Power
Group Goals
“is a structure with two (or more) channels of command, two lines of budget authority, and two sources of performance and reward.”
Matrix organization, according to Thompson and Strickland
Types of Authority
Line authority
Staff authority
Functional authority
a manager’s right to tell subordinates what to do and then see that they do it.
Line Authority
a staff specialist’s right to give advice to superior.
Staff authority
a specialist’s right to oversee lower level personnel involved in that specialty, regardless of where the personnel are in the organization.
Functional authority
a formal group of person formed for a specific purpose
committee
Committees may be classified as:
Ad hoc committee
Standing Committee
it is a relatively permanent committee that deals with issues on an ongoing basis. An example is the grievance committee formed to handle initially complaints from employees of the organization.
Standing committee
