Chapter 8

Question 1

Organizational change

Answer 1

is the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization

Question 2

Idea champion

Answer 2

is a person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization

Question 3

Idea incubator

Answer 3

is a mechanism that provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics

Question 4

disruptive innovation

Answer 4

refers to innovations in products or services that typically start small and end up completely replacing an existing product or service technology for producers and consumers.

Question 5

JIT (Just-in-time Inventory)

Answer 5

a form of inventory management that requires working closely with suppliers so that raw materials arrive as production is scheduled to begin, but no sooner

Question 6

Skunkworks

Answer 6

refers to innovations in products or services that typically start small and end up completely replacing an existing product or service technology for producers and consumers.

Question 7

What are possible tactics for overcoming resistance to change?

Question 8

Why do people resist change?

Answer 8

• when they believe it conflicts with their self-interest
• fear of personal loss = biggest obstacle
• employees distrust intentions or do not understand the intended purpose (fear of the unknown)
• people affected by assessed situation different than managers or promoters do

Question 9

What are the three types of current problems that organizational managers face?

Answer 9

1) Mergers and acquisitions
2) Organizational decline/revitalization
3) Conflict management

Question 10

Describe five parts of the experiential approach to innovation

Answer 10

1) design iterations
2) testing
3) milestones
4) multifunctional teams
5) powerful leaders

Question 11

Know and understand the 5 tactics for implementing change

Answer 11

1) top management support (involving multiple departments)
2) communication and education (used when solid info about the change is needed by others
3) participation (involves users in designing the change)
4) negotiation (bargaining to win acceptance)
5) coercion (managers using formal power for change)

Question 12

Identify the methods that can be used to manage resistance to change and when they are applied

Question 13

Name and understand the three steps in the basic process of managing organizational change outlined by Kurt Lewin

Answer 13

1) unfreezing - makes people throughout the
organization aware of problems and the need for
change
2) changing - occurs when individuals experiment with
new behavior and learn new skills to be used in the
workplace
3) refreezing - occurs when individuals acquire new
attitudes or values and are rewarded for them by
the organization