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Bio Psych > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

Emotion

A

increase or decrease in physiological activity accompanied by feelings that are characteristic of the emotion

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2
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

-responsible for fight or flight
-stimulates adrenals to release hormones (cortisol)

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3
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

reduces activity and conserves and restores energy

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4
Q

James-Lange Theory

A

emotional experience results from the physiological arousal that precedes it

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5
Q

Schacter and Singer’s Cognitive Theory

A

-physiological arousal contributes only to emotion’s intensity
-emotion based on cognitive assessment of the situation (cog label/attribution)

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6
Q

Integrative Embodiment Theory

A

body sensations are a critical component of emotions, but perceptions are integrated with cognitive information

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7
Q

Paul Ekman

A

-Posed expressions could produce the intended emotion and a distinct pattern of physiological arousal
-when we smile, we are more likely to feel happy

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8
Q

Universal Emotions

A

happiness, fear, anger, disgust, sadness, surprise

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9
Q

Posing facial expressions also affect how we interpret the environment …

A

-a stimulus is more painful when making a sad face
-cartoons are rated as more amusing during induced smiling

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10
Q

What does chewing gum do to emotions?

A

-can impair detecting emotions in pictures

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11
Q

Disabling corrugated muscles…

A

reduces amygdala response to stimulated anger

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12
Q

What does botox do?

A

-women with Botox reported less negative emotions
-produced less amygdala activity when imitating angry expressions

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13
Q

Mirror Neurons

A

neurons that respond to both when we engage in a specific act and while observing the same act in others

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14
Q

Mirror neurons are why….

A

observing emotions in others activates our own brain’s emotional areas

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15
Q

Areas Implicated in Emotion

A

Hypothalamus, septum, amygdala

Some say insular cortex, basal ganglia, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and prefrontal cortex

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16
Q

Hypothalamus

A

-primary control over autonomic nervous system
-produces a variety of emotional expressions

17
Q

Septum

A

stimulation produces sense of pleasure, sexual fantasies, and arousal

18
Q

Amygdala

A

plays a role in fear, anxiety, and sex

19
Q

Amygdala is involved in …

A

-mainly negative emotions
-participates in memory formation

20
Q

Fear

A

emotional reaction to immediate threat

21
Q

Anxiety

A

apprehension about future uncertainties

22
Q

Urbach-Wiethe disease

A
  • a rare recessive genetic disorder causing hardening and deterioration of temporal areas
    -Patient SM
23
Q

Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC)

A

-believed to combine emotional, attentional, and bodily info to bring about conscious emotional experiences
-important in conscious processing

24
Q

A larger Ac gyrus ….

A

associated with a higher level of harm avoidance

25
Q

Prefrontal Cortex functions

A
  • “the final destination” - processes emotional information before action is taken
    -judgements about behavior and its consequences
26
Q

Damage to prefrontal cortex

A

-early in life: never learn moral and social rules, only motivated to avoid punishment
-later in life: understand moral and social rules in hypothetical situations, but are unable to apply in own life

27
Q

Issues from damage in prefrontal cortex

A

-aggression/ inclination to violent urges
-depression
-schizophrenia

28
Q

Hemispheric Specialization in Emotion

A

-both hemispheres involved in emotional experiences

29
Q

Left Hemisphere

A

-more active when experiencing positive emotions

30
Q

Damage to left hemisphere

A

more anxiety and sadness about life

31
Q

Right hemisphere

A

-more active when experiencing negative emotions
-greater autonomic response to emotional stimuli (facial expressions, emotional scenes)

32
Q

Damage to right hemisphere

A

-unperturbed or euphoric even when bad things happen
-trouble recognizing emotion in facial expressions and tone or voice

Bio Psych (12 decks)

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