Chapter 8

Question 1

T/F The most important role that vitamins play is providing energy.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

T/F You can’t overdose on vitamins because the body excretes them in urine

Answer 2

False, but you can with fat soluble vitamins

Question 3

T/F Vitamin C prevents colds

Answer 3

False

Question 4

T/F Fresh vegetables contains more vitamins than frozen vegetables

Answer 4

False, same if cooked correctly

Question 5

T/F nutrients are absorbed equally as well from supplements

Answer 5

False

Question 6

T/F Vitamin D is also known as the sunshine vitamin because the body can make vitamin D with the help of sunlight

Answer 6

True

Question 7

how many Americans will use vitamins regularly?

Answer 7

4/10 americans

Question 8

cost of vitamin suplements

Answer 8

3 billion

Question 9

are vitamins well regulated?

Answer 9

not currently

Question 10

difference between nature and synthetic?

Answer 10

no difference

Question 11

megadose

Answer 11

intakes greater than 10 times the RDA

Question 12

who might need a supplement?

Answer 12

1. children (picky)
2. pregnant and lactating
3. elderly (don’t eat enough)
4. immune comprimised

Question 13

Product testing criteria

Answer 13

identity
potency
purity
bioavailability

Question 14

brand Labels that you should buy for vitamins?

Answer 14

USP

Consumer Lab`

Question 15

who’s responsible for making sure a supplement is safe, accurate, and honest?

Answer 15

supplement manufacturer

Question 16

when is FDA responsible for taking action against any unsafe dietary supplement?

Answer 16

After it reaches market

Question 17

Where do people get their information from usually?

Answer 17

Family and Friends (40%)
Product labels (28%)
Magazines (13%)

Question 18

Phytochemical

Answer 18

Plant compounds/chemicals which appear to fight diseases (antioxidants)

Question 19

antioxidant phytochemical

Answer 19

flavonoids and other phenols (fruits, soy, red, wine, green tea, soy)

carotenoids (beta carotene lycopene)

Question 20

Functional Food

Answer 20

food that may provide an additional physiological benefit

oj

Question 21

antioxidants

Answer 21

compounds that prevent or inhibits oxidation of another substance by being oxidized itself.

deactivates free radicals that damage cells and promote chronic disease

Question 22

nutrients classified as antioxidants

Answer 22

beta carotene
vitamin C
vitamin E
Sulfur and selenium

Question 23

are vitamins organic?

what does this mean?

Answer 23

Yes, they can be destroyed by light, oxidation, cooking, and storage

Question 24

how to minimize nutrient losses?

Answer 24

not reheating food
leave skin on
minimal cooking water
retain and reuse cooking water

Question 25

water soluble vitamins

Answer 25

B and C absorbed directly into blood and travel freely excreted in urine

Question 26

fat soluble vitamins

Answer 26

A,D,E, and K absorbed into lymph, then by blood require protein carriers, stored in fat cells

Question 27

B vitamins

Answer 27

``` thiamin riboflavin niacin B-6 pantothenic acid biotin folate B-12 ```

Question 28

what are B vitamins involved in?

Answer 28

1. energy production during exercise 2. produce red blood cells for protein synthesis and tissue repair 3. maintain CNS

Question 29

Deficiency of B-12 or folate result in?

Answer 29

anemia and reduced endurance performance

Question 30

foods rich in vitamin B?

Answer 30

``` milk cheese meat fish dark green veggies ```

Question 31

Vitamin D required for?

Answer 31

1. adequate calcium absorption 2. regulation of serum calcium and phosphorous levels 3. promote bone health

Question 32

foods rich in vitamin D

Answer 32

fish eggs fortified foods

Question 33

Vitamins C, E, and Beta Carotene function?

Answer 33

1. protect cell membrane from oxidative damage | 2. reduces inflammation and muscle soreness

Question 34

how much vitamin c should athletes have?

Answer 34

100-1000 mg vit c daily

Question 35

vitamin C,E, and beta carotene food sources

Answer 35

dark leafy greens, sweet potatoes, carrots, red + yellow peppers, broccoli, peanuts, seeds

Question 36

to maintain a steady supply of glucose to body cells, the process of _____ frees glucose from its storage form in the muscle and liver.

Answer 36

glycogenolysis

Question 37

T/F oxidation of an amino acid via citric acid cycle yields just as much ATP as oxidation of glucose

Answer 37

False

Question 38

T/F protein consumed in excess of body needs will be stored as amino acids in skeletal muscle

Answer 38

false