Chapter 17

Question 1

Infancy

Answer 1

birth to 12 month

Question 2

newborn

Answer 2

first four weeks of life

Question 3

the first stool passed by the newborn

Answer 3

meconium

Question 4

average infants double their weight by

Answer 4

4 to 6 months

Question 5

by end of one year infants ____ their weight and increase in length ___ percent

Answer 5

tripple

50%

Question 6

healthcare providers can estimate brain growth of infants by _____

Answer 6

monitoring changes in head circumference

Question 7

During the first three months, infants need about _____ kcal/kg body weight daily

Answer 7

108

Question 8

the AI for protein for first 6 months is ____ g/kg body weight. The reduces to ____.

Answer 8

1. 52

1. 2

Question 9

breast milk and formula both have ____ % calories from fat

Answer 9

55%

Question 10

Breast milk natural provides these fatty acids and they are added to formulas

Answer 10

arachidonic acid (AA)

docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)

Question 11

main carbohydrate

Answer 11

lactose

Question 12

why cant babies have cereals or starchy foods before 4 months

Answer 12

lack enzyme amylase

Question 13

compared to formula fed, breastfed infants have

Answer 13

lower risk of infections
lower risk of SIDS
lower risk of asthma, allergies, obesity, leukemia, and type 1 diabetes

Question 14

formula vs breastmilk with protein

Answer 14

formula has more protein bc reduced digestibility

Question 15

classes of infant formula

Answer 15

cow’s milk-based
soy based
specialized formulas

Question 16

class of infant formula containing predigested protein that has been hydfrolyzed to polypeptides and free amino acids

Answer 16

hypoallergenic formulas

Question 17

alternatrive to soy based formulas for allergic infants

Answer 17

hypoallergenic formulas

Question 18

infant formula containing protein that has been completely to free amino acids

Answer 18

amino acid formulas

Question 19

formulas for allergic infants who refuse the poor taste of hydrolyzed formulas

Answer 19

amino acid formulas

Question 20

first foods fed to infants during weaning

Answer 20

complementary foods

Question 21

when should complementary foods be introduced

Answer 21

4 to 6 months

Question 22

gradual process of shifting from a liquid to a solid food diet in infants

Answer 22

weaning

Question 23

what following signs indicate that an infant is ready for complementary foods

Answer 23

• can sit with some back support
• lost extrusion reflex
• can hold head up
• shows interest in food
• open mouth when see food

Question 24

iron needs increase from ___ during first 6 months to ___ from 6 to 12 months.

Answer 24

0.3 mg/day

11 mg/day

Question 25

best food for iron for infants

Answer 25

infant cereal

Question 26

assumin average intake of breastmilk, solid food should provide an additional

Answer 26

200 for 6 to 8 months 300 for 8 to 11 months 500 for 12 to 23 months

Question 27

how to add foods to test allergies

Answer 27

add one food for a 3 to 5 day period

Question 28

babies should not be given fruit juice until

Answer 28

12 months of age

Question 29

avoid added sugar until infants are

Answer 29

2 yrs old

Question 30

foods to avoid during infancy

Answer 30

- honey - cow or goat milk - nonfat foods - processed foods - small, har, or course foods

Question 31

why not honey?

Answer 31

conatains clostridium botulinum

Question 32

toddler

Answer 32

1 to 3 years

Question 33

preschool age

Answer 33

3 to 5 years

Question 34

from 1 to 2 years... child gains ___ lbs increses ___ in length

Answer 34

4 to 5 lbs | 2.5 to 3 inches

Question 35

___ year olds have a full set of teeth

Answer 35

2 yr old

Question 36

by age ___ most children can use fork and spoon

Answer 36

3

Question 37

what stage can they make decision

Answer 37

toddler (autonomy)

Question 38

calories depong on

Answer 38

body size gender physical activity

Question 39

EER

Answer 39

89 * kg of weight - 80

Question 40

RDA for protein for toddlers and preschool age

Answer 40

13 g/day toddlers | 19 for preschool

Question 41

AI for fiber for toddler and preschoolers

Answer 41

19 g/day | 25 g/day

Question 42

fat for toddler and presschool

Answer 42

20 to 40% fat

Question 43

toddler and preschool concerns in diet

Answer 43

low in potassium, fiber, vit E and D, fruit, veggies, whole grains high in sodium and sugar

Question 44

federal program that provides funds to state governments so that they can help specific populations obtain certain supplemental foods, basic healthcare services, and nutrition education

Answer 44

special supplemental nutrition assistance program for women, infants, and children WIC

Question 45

periods in which young child refuses to eat a food they liked in the past or will only eat certain foods

Answer 45

food jags

Question 46

school age children

Answer 46

6 to 11 years

Question 47

school age children.. ___ lbs per year ____ inches per year

Answer 47

5 pounds | 2 to 3 inches

Question 48

period of life that begins at puberty end at adulthood

Answer 48

adolescence

Question 49

adolescent ages

Answer 49

12 to 19

Question 50

second most rapid period of growth

Answer 50

adolescence

Question 51

period of rapid increase in growth

Answer 51

growth spurt

Question 52

during growth spurt female ___ male___

Answer 52

ovaries secreate estrogen testes secrete testosterone hormones increase bone growth

Question 53

a person reaches their adult height when ____

Answer 53

epiphyseal plates close

Question 54

underweight bmi

Answer 54

under 18.5

Question 55

adolescence saturated fat intake ____ fiber intake _____

Answer 55

12% fat 15. 7 g/day fiber males 13. 5 g/day fiber females

Question 56

new cell synthesis

Answer 56

folate | vitamin B12

Question 57

collagen formation

Answer 57

vitamin C

Question 58

Protein metabolism

Answer 58

vitamin B6

Question 59

bone development

Answer 59

Vitamin A, D, K

Question 60

RDA for iron increases to ____from 14 to 18 years for females bc of bleeding

Answer 60

15 mg/day

Question 61

____ % of children between 2 and 19 have obesity

Answer 61

19 %

Question 62

___ % between ages 16 and 19 have obesity

Answer 62

42 percent

Question 63

``` BMI percentile for underweight normal weight overweight obese ```

Answer 63

under 5th 5th to 85th 85th to 95th more than 95th

Question 64

factors that make children obese

Answer 64

- family history of obesity - obesity during pregnancy - maternal undernutrition - tabacco exposure - diabetes during pregnancy

Question 65

how to prevent childhood obesity

Answer 65

breastfeed for 6 months and continue while adding foods encourange consumption of prebiotic and probiotic foods

Question 66

obesity treatment

Answer 66

``` low carb diets low glycemic index low fat diets high protein diets intermittent fasting bariatric surgery ```