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Honors Biology 10 > Chapter 7.1-7.2 > Flashcards

Chapter 7.1-7.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

All living things…

A 
Are made up of cells
Grow 
Reproduce
Obtain nutrients and use energy
Respond to changes in the environment 
Based on a genetic code
As a species, change over time
Maintain a stable internal environment
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2
Q

Looked at the first cork cells under the microscope

A

Robert Hooke

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3
Q

First person to look at living cells

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

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4
Q

Said all plants are made up of cells

A

Matthias Schleiden

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5
Q

Said all animals are up of cells

A

Theodor Schwann

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6
Q

Said cells can only come from existing cells

A

Rudolf Virchow

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7
Q

What is the cell theory

A

1) all living things are made up of cells
2) the cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living things
3) New cells are produced from existing cells

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8
Q

Uses a light source to illuminate a specimen and enlarges the image by passing it through the objective lens and the ocular lens
can make clear images of objects to a magnification of about 1000 times)

A

Light microscope

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9
Q

Basic unit of life

A

Cell

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10
Q

Use a beam of electrons focused by a magnet to enlarge the image of on objects

A

Electron microscopes

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11
Q

Magnifies the image of thinly sliced specimens up to one million times (2 dimensional)

A

Transmission electron microscope

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12
Q

Produces a 3 dimensional images of specimens that can be magnified up to 50 thousand times

A

Scanning electron microscope

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13
Q

Cells that have a cell membrane and cytoplasm but do not have a nucleus or organelles

A

Prokaryotes

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14
Q

Have a cell membrane and cytoplasm and also a nucleus and organelles

A

Eukaryotes

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15
Q

Why is the size of a cell limited by the surface area to volume ratio?

A

If a cell grows too large, there is not enough surface area, (cell membrane) to let in enough nutrients and let out enough waste

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16
Q

With the proper structure, function is not possible

A

Structure vs function

17
Q

Controls what enters and leaves the cell

A

Cell membrane

18
Q

Control center of the cell; contains the cells dna

A

Nucleus

19
Q

Everything between the cell membrane and the nucleus

A

Cytoplasm

20
Q

Components of the cell that carry out its life process

A

Organelle

21
Q

Membrane that surrounds the nucleus and allow structures to enter and leave

A

Nuclear envelope

22
Q

Short and coiled strands of DNA

A

Chromosome

23
Q

Long and thin strands of DNA

A

Chromatin

24
Q

Sac like structure to store water, salts, protein, CHO

A

Vacuoles

25
Q

Break down food, bacteria, waste and worn out cell parts

A

Lysosomes

26
Q

Produces proteins by using instructions from DNA

________ on rougher ER produce proteins that will be used outside the cell

A

Ribosomes

27
Q

Tunnels and sacs for proteins and other particles to move about the cell
Made up of 2 types rough and smooth: each with its own function
Lipids for the cell membrane are put together here

A

ER ( Endoplasmic Reticulum)

28
Q

Ribosomes on the surface of the ER

A

Rough ER

29
Q

No ribosomes on the ER

Contains enzymes that produce lipids for the cell membrane and detoxify drugs

A

Smooth ER

30
Q

Modify, sorts and package materials from the ER then to be shipped where they we needed (add CHO and lipids)

A

Golgi (apparatus) Body

31
Q

Use light energy (NRG) to make food
Contains its own small amount of DNA
Contains the green pigment chlorophyll

A

Chloroplasts

32
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

CO2 + H2O + NRG(light) == O2 + CHO

33
Q

Uses food and O2 to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through cellular respiration
Contains its own small amounts of DNA

A

Mitochondria

34
Q

Outside the cell membrane of plants and other non-animal cells
Provides support and protection for the cell
Made mostly of cellulose

A

Cell wall

35
Q

Cellular respiration equation

A

CHO + O2 == CO2 + H2O + ATP(light)

36
Q

Have microtubules

A

Cilia and flagella

37
Q

Made up of microtubules and microfilaments

Serves as a track along which organelles can move

A

Cytoskeleton

38
Q

Produces the ribosomes

A

Nucleolus

Honors Biology 10 (10 decks)

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