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Medical Terminology > Chapter 7: Urinary System > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Urinary System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Portion of the urinary bladder

A

Trigone

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2
Q

Glomerular

A

Pertaining to the small balls of capillaries in the kidney

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3
Q

Meatal stenosis

A

Narrowing of the urethral opening to the outside of the body

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4
Q

Electrolyte

A

Sodium

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5
Q

Nitrogenous waste

A

Creatine

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6
Q

Renal pelvis

A

Pyel/o

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7
Q

Surrounding the urinary bladder

A

Perivesical

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8
Q

Uremia

A

Azotemia

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9
Q

X ray of the urinary tract

A

KUB

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10
Q

Oliguria

A

Scanty urination

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11
Q

Diabetes insipidus is characterized by

A

Polydipsia
Polyuria
Pituitary gland malfunction
Insufficient ADH

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12
Q

Hernia of the tube connecting the kidney and urinary bladder

A

Ureterocele

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13
Q

Artificial kidney machine

A

Hemodialysis

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14
Q

Nephrolithotomy

A

Incision to remove a renal calculus

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15
Q

Protein in the urine

A

Albuminuria

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16
Q

Renal abscess may lead to

A

Pyuria

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17
Q

Alkaline

A

Basic

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18
Q

A group of symptoms marked by edema, proteinuria, and hypoalbuminemia

A

Nephrotic syndrome

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19
Q

High levels of ketones in the blood can lead to

A

Acidosis

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20
Q

Childhood renal carcinoma

A

Wilms tumor

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21
Q

Urine is held in the bladder

A

Urinary retention

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22
Q

Test that measures the amount of urea in the blood

A

BUN

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23
Q

Nephrosclerosis

A

Hardening of blood vessels in the kidney

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24
Q

Lithotripsy

A

Shock waves crush urinary tract stones

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25
Q

Small artery

A

Arteriole

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26
Q

Cuplike collecting region of the renal pelvis

A

Calyx

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27
Q

Tube for injecting or removing fluids

A

Catheter

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28
Q

Outer region of an organ

A

Cortex

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29
Q

Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

A

Creatinine

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30
Q

Chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water

A

Electrolyte

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31
Q

Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate production of red blood cells by bone marrow

A

Erythropoietin

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32
Q

Process whereby some substances pass through a filter

A

Filtration

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33
Q

Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus

A

Glomerular capsule or Bowman’s capsule

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34
Q

Tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney

A

Glomerulus

35
Q

Depression in the part of an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave

A

Hilum

36
Q

One of two bean shaped organs which filter nitrogenous waste from the bloodstream to form urine

A

Kidney

37
Q

Opening or canal

A

Meatus

38
Q

Inner region of an organ

A

Medulla

39
Q

The functional unit of the kidney where filtration, reabsorption and secretion take place

A

Nephron

40
Q

Substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine

A

Nitrogenous waste

41
Q

Am electrolyte regulated by the kidney

A

Potassium

42
Q

Renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream

A

Reabsorption

43
Q

Blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney

A

Renal artery

44
Q

Central collection region in the kidney

A

Renal pelvis

45
Q

Microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration

A

Renal tubules

46
Q

Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney

A

Renal vein

47
Q

Hormone secreted by the kidney that raises blood pressure

A

Renin

48
Q

An electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys

A

Sodium

49
Q

Triangular area in the urinary bladder

A

Trigone

50
Q

Major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

A

Urea

51
Q

One of two tubules leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

A

Ureter

52
Q

Tube leading from the urinary bladder to outside of the body

A

Urethra

53
Q

Nitrogenous waste product excreted in the urine

A

Uric acid

54
Q

Hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine

A

Urinary bladder

55
Q

Process of expelling urine; also called micturition

A

Urination (voiding)

56
Q

Cali/o

A

Calyx

57
Q

Calic/o

A

Calix

58
Q

Cyst/o

A

Urinary bladder

59
Q

Glomerul/o

A

Glomerulus

60
Q

Meat/o

A

Meatus

61
Q

Nephr/o

A

Kidney

62
Q

Pyel/o

A

Renal pelvis

63
Q

Ren/o

A

Kidney

64
Q

Trigon/o

A

Trigone

65
Q

Ureter/o

A

Ureter

66
Q

Urethr/o

A

Urethra

67
Q

Vesic/o

A

Urinary bladder

68
Q

Albumin/o

A

Albumin

69
Q

Azot/o

A

Nitrogen

70
Q

Bacteri/o

A

Bacteria

71
Q

Dips/o

A

Thirst

72
Q

Kal/o

A

Potassium

73
Q

Ket/o, keton/o

A

Ketone bodies

74
Q

Lith/o

A

Stone

75
Q

Nat/o

A

Sodium

76
Q

Noct/o

A

Night

77
Q

Olig/o

A

Scanty

78
Q

-poietin

A

Substance that forms

79
Q

Py/o

A

Pus

80
Q

-tripsy

A

To crush

81
Q

Ur/o

A

Urea

82
Q

Urin/o

A

Urine

83
Q

-uria

A

Urination, Urine condition

Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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