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Medical Terminology > Chapter 15: Skeletal System > Flashcards

Chapter 15: Skeletal System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Calc/o, calci/o

A

Calcium

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2
Q

Kyph/o

A

Posterior curvature in thoracic region

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3
Q

Lamin/o

A

Lamina

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4
Q

Lord/o

A

Curve

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5
Q

Lumb/o

A

Loins, lower back

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6
Q

Myel/o

A

Bone marrow

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7
Q

Orth/o

A

Straight

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8
Q

Oste/o

A

Bone

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9
Q

Scoli/o

A

Crooked

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10
Q

Spondyl/o

A

Vertebra

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11
Q

Vertebr/o

A

Vertebra

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12
Q

-blast

A

Embryonic cell

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13
Q

-clast

A

To break

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14
Q

-listhesis

A

Slipping

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15
Q

-malacia

A

Softening

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16
Q

-physis

A

To grow

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17
Q

-porosis

A

Pore, passage

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18
Q

-tome

A

Instrument to cut

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19
Q

Acetabul/o

A

Acetabulum (hip socket)

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20
Q

Calcane/o

A

Calcaneus (heel)

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21
Q

Carp/o

A

Carpals (wrist bone)

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22
Q

Clavicul/o

A

Clavicle (collar bone)

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23
Q

Cost/o

A

Ribs

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24
Q

Crani/o

A

Cranium

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25
Q

Malleol/o

A

Malleolus

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26
Q

Femor/o

A

Femur (thigh bones)

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27
Q

Fibul/o

A

Fibula (smaller leg bone)

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28
Q

Humer/o

A

Humerus (upper arm bone)

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29
Q

Ili/o

A

Ilium (upper part of pelvic bone)

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30
Q

Ischi/o

A

Ischium (part of pelvic bone)

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31
Q

Mandibul/o

A

Mandible (lower jaw bone)

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32
Q

Maxill/o

A

Maxilla (upper jaw bone)

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33
Q

Metacarp/o

A

Metacarpals (hand bones)

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34
Q

Metatars/o

A

Metatarsals (foot bones)

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35
Q

Olecran/o

A

Olecranon (elbow)

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36
Q

Patell/o

A

Patella (knee cap)

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37
Q

Pelv/i

A

Pelvis

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38
Q

Perone/o

A

Fibula

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39
Q

Phalang/o

A

Phalanges (finger, toe bones)

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40
Q

Pub/o

A

Pubis

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41
Q

Rad/i

A

Radius

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42
Q

Scapul/o

A

Scapula (shoulder blade)

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43
Q

Stern/o

A

Sternum (breastbone)

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44
Q

Tars/o

A

Tarsals

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45
Q

Tibi/o

A

Tibia (shin bone)

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46
Q

Uln/o

A

Ulna (lower arm bone)

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47
Q

Ankyl/o

A

Stiff

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48
Q

Arthr/o

A

Joint

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49
Q

Articul/o

A

Joint

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50
Q

Burs/o

A

Bursa

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51
Q

Chondr/o

A

Cartilage

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52
Q

Ligament/o

A

Ligament

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53
Q

Rheumat/o

A

Watery flow

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54
Q

Synov/o

A

Synovial membrane

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55
Q

Ten/o

A

Tendon

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56
Q

Tendin/o

A

Tendon

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57
Q

-desis

A

To bind, tie together

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58
Q

-stenosis

A

Narrowing

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59
Q

-astensia

A

Lack of strength

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60
Q

-trophy

A

Development, nourishment

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61
Q

Rhabdomy/o

A

Skeletal muscle connected to bones

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62
Q

Plant/o

A

Sole of foot

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63
Q

Myos/o

A

Muscle

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64
Q

Myocardi/o

A

Heart muscle

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65
Q

Leiomy/o

A

Smooth muscle

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66
Q

Fibr/o

A

Fibrous

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67
Q

Spongy, porous bone tissue is also called

A

Cancellous bone

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68
Q

Outward extension of the shoulder bone is the

A

Acromion

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69
Q

An opening or passage in bones where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave is a

A

Foramen

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70
Q

The projection of the temporal bone is the

A

Mastoid process

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71
Q

Knuckle like process at the end of a bone is called a

A

Condyle

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72
Q

Mandible, vomer, maxilla and zygomatic are all bones of the

A

Face

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73
Q

Occipital, sphenoid, frontal, temporal and ethmoid are bones of the

A

Cranium

74
Q

The shaft of a long bone is called a

A

Diaphysis

75
Q

Poor formation of bone

A

Osteodystrophy

76
Q

Slipping or subluxation of a vertebra

A

Spondylolisthesis

77
Q

Operation performed to relive the symptoms of a slipped disk

A

Laminectomy

78
Q

Lateral curvature of the spinal column

A

Scoliosis

79
Q

Vitamin D deficiency leads to softening of bone, which is known as

A

Osteomalacia

80
Q

Pertaining to the upper arm bone

A

Humeral

81
Q

The shoulder bone is the

A

Scapula

82
Q

The smaller of the two leg bones is the

A

Fibula

83
Q

Inflammation of bone and bone marrow

A

Osteomyelitis

84
Q

Clubfoot

A

Talipes

85
Q

A splintered or crushed bone

A

Comminuted fracture

86
Q

Surgical repair of a joint

A

Arthroplasty

87
Q

Condition of stiffening and immobility of a joint

A

Ankylosis

88
Q

Chronic inflammation of bones and joints due to degenerative changes in cartilage

A

Osteoarthritis

89
Q

Inflammation of joints caused by excessive uric acid accumulation

A

Gouty artritis

90
Q

Malignant tumor of smooth muscle

A

Leiomyosarcoma

91
Q

Wasting away of muscle

A

Atrophy

92
Q

Two mineral substances necessary for proper development of bones are

A

Calcium and phosphorous

93
Q

The shaft of a long bone is called the

A

Diaphysis

94
Q

The ends of a long bone are called the

A

Epiphysis

95
Q

The bones of a fetus are mainly composed of

A

Cartilage tissue

96
Q

During bone development immature bone cells are called

A

Osteoblasts

97
Q

Red bone marrow is found in spongy or

A

Cancellous bone

98
Q

The strong membrane surrounding the surface of a bone is the

A

Periosteum

99
Q

Hard, dense bone tissue lying under the periosteum is called

A

Compact bone

100
Q

The physician who treats bones and bone diseases is called

A

Orthopedist

101
Q

Series of bone canals containing blood vessels are the

A

Haversian canals

102
Q

Knuckle like projection

A

Condyle

103
Q

Large process on femur for attachment of muscle

A

Trochanter

104
Q

Shallow cavity in a bone

A

Fossa

105
Q

Opening for blood vessels and nerves

A

Foramen

106
Q

Small rounded process

A

Tubercle

107
Q

Forms the forehead

A

Frontal bone

108
Q

Cheek bone

A

Zygomatic bone

109
Q

Upper jaw bone

A

Maxilla

110
Q

Forms the back and base of the skull

A

Occipital bone

111
Q

Lower jaw bone

A

Mandible

112
Q

Forms the roof and upper side of the skull

A

Parietal bone

113
Q

Two paired bones at the corner of each eye

A

Lacrimal bone

114
Q

Bone near the ear; connected to the lower jaw

A

Temporal bone

115
Q

Shoulder bone

A

Scapula

116
Q

Collarbone

A

Clavicle

117
Q

Upper arm bone

A

Humerus

118
Q

Wrist bones

A

Carpals

119
Q

Breastbone

A

Sternum

120
Q

Kneecap

A

Patella

121
Q

Thigh bone

A

Femur

122
Q

Foot bones

A

Metatarsals

123
Q

Finger bones

A

Metacarpals

124
Q

Backbone

A

Vertebra

125
Q

Calcaneus

A

Heel bone

126
Q

Acetabulum

A

Socket for femur in hip

127
Q

Acromion

A

Projection of scapula

128
Q

Malleolus

A

Rounded process at the ankle

129
Q

Lamina

A

Part of the vertebral arch

130
Q

Olecranon

A

Elbow bone

131
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

Anterior part of the hip bone

132
Q

Decrease in bone density; thinning and weakening of the bone

A

Osteoporosis

133
Q

Malignant tumor of the bone

A

Osteogenic sarcoma

134
Q

Lateral curvature of the spine

A

Scoliosis

135
Q

Formation of bone marrow

A

Myelopoiesis

136
Q

Abnormal anterior curvature of the spine

A

Lordosis

137
Q

Benign tumors arising from the bone surface

A

Exostoses

138
Q

Humpback

A

Kyphosis

139
Q

Clubfoot

A

Talipes

140
Q

Subluxation of a vertebra

A

Spondylolithesiasis

141
Q

Connective tissue that binds bones to other bones

A

Ligament

142
Q

Connective tissue that binds muscles to bone is a

A

Tendon

143
Q

Fluid found within the joint is called

A

Synovial fluid

144
Q

A sac of fluid near a joint is a

A

Bursa

145
Q

Smooth cartilage that surrounds the surface of bones at joints is

A

Articular cartilage

146
Q

Surgical repair of a joint

A

Arthroplasty

147
Q

Inflammation of a tendon

A

Tendinitis

148
Q

Doctor specializing in joint disorders

A

Rheumatologist

149
Q

Tumor (benign) of cartilage

A

Chondroma

150
Q

Incision of a joint

A

Arthrotomy

151
Q

Stiffened, immobile joint

A

Ankylosis

152
Q

Suture of a tendon

A

Tenorrhaphy

153
Q

Softening of cartilage

A

Chondrosarcoma

154
Q

Tumor (malignant) of cartilage

A

Chondroma

155
Q

Inflammation of a sac of fluid near a joint

A

Bursitis

156
Q

Partial/incomplete dislocation

A

Subluxation

157
Q

Binding of a joint

A

Arthrodesis

158
Q

Sharp pain in the big toe associated with goudy arthritis

A

Podagra

159
Q

Pyrexia

A

Fever

160
Q

Pain radiating down the leg

A

Sciatica

161
Q

Fibrous membrane separating muscle

A

Fascia

162
Q

Pain of many muscles

A

Polymyalgia

163
Q

Muscle connected to internal organs

A

Visceral

164
Q

Connection of muscle to the bone that moves

A

Insertion

165
Q

Connection of muscle to a stationary bone

A

Origin

166
Q

Fasciitis

A

Inflammation of the fascia

167
Q

Chronic inflammation of many muscles

A

Polymyositis

168
Q

A group of inherited disease with progressive muscle weakness and degeneration

A

Muscular dystrophy

169
Q

A malignant tumor of the smooth muscle

A

Leiomyosarcoma

170
Q

Pain of fibrous tissue and muscle

A

Fibromyalgia

171
Q

An inherited condition in which bones of the arms and legs fail to grow normally because of a defect in cartilage and bone formation

A

Achondroplasia

172
Q

Cystic mass arising from a tendon in the wrist

A

Ganglion

173
Q

Inflammation of joints caused by accumulation of uric acid

A

Gouty arthritis

174
Q

Degenerative joint disease; chronic inflammation of bones and joints

A

Osteoarthritis

175
Q

Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, especially of the spine

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

176
Q

Compression of the median nerve in the wrist

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

177
Q

Abnormal swelling of a metatarsophalangeal joint

A

Bunion

178
Q

Tick borne bacterium causes this type of arthritis

A

Lyme disease

179
Q

Chronic joint disease inflamed and painful joints; marked by swollen and thickened synovial membranes

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

180
Q

Chronic inflammatory disease affecting skin (red rash on the face) kidneys, heart, and lungs as well as joints

A

Systemic lupus erythematosus

181
Q

Displacement of a bone from its joint

A

Dislocation

Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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