Chapter 15: Skeletal System Flashcards
Calc/o, calci/o
Calcium
Kyph/o
Posterior curvature in thoracic region
Lamin/o
Lamina
Lord/o
Curve
Lumb/o
Loins, lower back
Myel/o
Bone marrow
Orth/o
Straight
Oste/o
Bone
Scoli/o
Crooked
Spondyl/o
Vertebra
Vertebr/o
Vertebra
-blast
Embryonic cell
-clast
To break
-listhesis
Slipping
-malacia
Softening
-physis
To grow
-porosis
Pore, passage
-tome
Instrument to cut
Acetabul/o
Acetabulum (hip socket)
Calcane/o
Calcaneus (heel)
Carp/o
Carpals (wrist bone)
Clavicul/o
Clavicle (collar bone)
Cost/o
Ribs
Crani/o
Cranium
Malleol/o
Malleolus
Femor/o
Femur (thigh bones)
Fibul/o
Fibula (smaller leg bone)
Humer/o
Humerus (upper arm bone)
Ili/o
Ilium (upper part of pelvic bone)
Ischi/o
Ischium (part of pelvic bone)
Mandibul/o
Mandible (lower jaw bone)
Maxill/o
Maxilla (upper jaw bone)
Metacarp/o
Metacarpals (hand bones)
Metatars/o
Metatarsals (foot bones)
Olecran/o
Olecranon (elbow)
Patell/o
Patella (knee cap)
Pelv/i
Pelvis
Perone/o
Fibula
Phalang/o
Phalanges (finger, toe bones)
Pub/o
Pubis
Rad/i
Radius
Scapul/o
Scapula (shoulder blade)
Stern/o
Sternum (breastbone)
Tars/o
Tarsals
Tibi/o
Tibia (shin bone)
Uln/o
Ulna (lower arm bone)
Ankyl/o
Stiff
Arthr/o
Joint
Articul/o
Joint
Burs/o
Bursa
Chondr/o
Cartilage
Ligament/o
Ligament
Rheumat/o
Watery flow
Synov/o
Synovial membrane
Ten/o
Tendon
Tendin/o
Tendon
-desis
To bind, tie together
-stenosis
Narrowing
-astensia
Lack of strength
-trophy
Development, nourishment
Rhabdomy/o
Skeletal muscle connected to bones
Plant/o
Sole of foot
Myos/o
Muscle
Myocardi/o
Heart muscle
Leiomy/o
Smooth muscle
Fibr/o
Fibrous
Spongy, porous bone tissue is also called
Cancellous bone
Outward extension of the shoulder bone is the
Acromion
An opening or passage in bones where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave is a
Foramen
The projection of the temporal bone is the
Mastoid process
Knuckle like process at the end of a bone is called a
Condyle
Mandible, vomer, maxilla and zygomatic are all bones of the
Face
Occipital, sphenoid, frontal, temporal and ethmoid are bones of the
Cranium
The shaft of a long bone is called a
Diaphysis
Poor formation of bone
Osteodystrophy
Slipping or subluxation of a vertebra
Spondylolisthesis
Operation performed to relive the symptoms of a slipped disk
Laminectomy
Lateral curvature of the spinal column
Scoliosis
Vitamin D deficiency leads to softening of bone, which is known as
Osteomalacia
Pertaining to the upper arm bone
Humeral
The shoulder bone is the
Scapula
The smaller of the two leg bones is the
Fibula
Inflammation of bone and bone marrow
Osteomyelitis
Clubfoot
Talipes
A splintered or crushed bone
Comminuted fracture
Surgical repair of a joint
Arthroplasty
Condition of stiffening and immobility of a joint
Ankylosis
Chronic inflammation of bones and joints due to degenerative changes in cartilage
Osteoarthritis
Inflammation of joints caused by excessive uric acid accumulation
Gouty artritis
Malignant tumor of smooth muscle
Leiomyosarcoma
Wasting away of muscle
Atrophy
Two mineral substances necessary for proper development of bones are
Calcium and phosphorous
The shaft of a long bone is called the
Diaphysis
The ends of a long bone are called the
Epiphysis
The bones of a fetus are mainly composed of
Cartilage tissue
During bone development immature bone cells are called
Osteoblasts
Red bone marrow is found in spongy or
Cancellous bone
The strong membrane surrounding the surface of a bone is the
Periosteum
Hard, dense bone tissue lying under the periosteum is called
Compact bone
The physician who treats bones and bone diseases is called
Orthopedist
Series of bone canals containing blood vessels are the
Haversian canals
Knuckle like projection
Condyle
Large process on femur for attachment of muscle
Trochanter
Shallow cavity in a bone
Fossa
Opening for blood vessels and nerves
Foramen
Small rounded process
Tubercle
Forms the forehead
Frontal bone
Cheek bone
Zygomatic bone
Upper jaw bone
Maxilla
Forms the back and base of the skull
Occipital bone
Lower jaw bone
Mandible
Forms the roof and upper side of the skull
Parietal bone
Two paired bones at the corner of each eye
Lacrimal bone
Bone near the ear; connected to the lower jaw
Temporal bone
Shoulder bone
Scapula
Collarbone
Clavicle
Upper arm bone
Humerus
Wrist bones
Carpals
Breastbone
Sternum
Kneecap
Patella
Thigh bone
Femur
Foot bones
Metatarsals
Finger bones
Metacarpals
Backbone
Vertebra
Calcaneus
Heel bone
Acetabulum
Socket for femur in hip
Acromion
Projection of scapula
Malleolus
Rounded process at the ankle
Lamina
Part of the vertebral arch
Olecranon
Elbow bone
Pubic symphysis
Anterior part of the hip bone
Decrease in bone density; thinning and weakening of the bone
Osteoporosis
Malignant tumor of the bone
Osteogenic sarcoma
Lateral curvature of the spine
Scoliosis
Formation of bone marrow
Myelopoiesis
Abnormal anterior curvature of the spine
Lordosis
Benign tumors arising from the bone surface
Exostoses
Humpback
Kyphosis
Clubfoot
Talipes
Subluxation of a vertebra
Spondylolithesiasis
Connective tissue that binds bones to other bones
Ligament
Connective tissue that binds muscles to bone is a
Tendon
Fluid found within the joint is called
Synovial fluid
A sac of fluid near a joint is a
Bursa
Smooth cartilage that surrounds the surface of bones at joints is
Articular cartilage
Surgical repair of a joint
Arthroplasty
Inflammation of a tendon
Tendinitis
Doctor specializing in joint disorders
Rheumatologist
Tumor (benign) of cartilage
Chondroma
Incision of a joint
Arthrotomy
Stiffened, immobile joint
Ankylosis
Suture of a tendon
Tenorrhaphy
Softening of cartilage
Chondrosarcoma
Tumor (malignant) of cartilage
Chondroma
Inflammation of a sac of fluid near a joint
Bursitis
Partial/incomplete dislocation
Subluxation
Binding of a joint
Arthrodesis
Sharp pain in the big toe associated with goudy arthritis
Podagra
Pyrexia
Fever
Pain radiating down the leg
Sciatica
Fibrous membrane separating muscle
Fascia
Pain of many muscles
Polymyalgia
Muscle connected to internal organs
Visceral
Connection of muscle to the bone that moves
Insertion
Connection of muscle to a stationary bone
Origin
Fasciitis
Inflammation of the fascia
Chronic inflammation of many muscles
Polymyositis
A group of inherited disease with progressive muscle weakness and degeneration
Muscular dystrophy
A malignant tumor of the smooth muscle
Leiomyosarcoma
Pain of fibrous tissue and muscle
Fibromyalgia
An inherited condition in which bones of the arms and legs fail to grow normally because of a defect in cartilage and bone formation
Achondroplasia
Cystic mass arising from a tendon in the wrist
Ganglion
Inflammation of joints caused by accumulation of uric acid
Gouty arthritis
Degenerative joint disease; chronic inflammation of bones and joints
Osteoarthritis
Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, especially of the spine
Ankylosing spondylitis
Compression of the median nerve in the wrist
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Abnormal swelling of a metatarsophalangeal joint
Bunion
Tick borne bacterium causes this type of arthritis
Lyme disease
Chronic joint disease inflamed and painful joints; marked by swollen and thickened synovial membranes
Rheumatoid arthritis
Chronic inflammatory disease affecting skin (red rash on the face) kidneys, heart, and lungs as well as joints
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Displacement of a bone from its joint
Dislocation
