CHAPTER 7: Substance-Related and Addictive Disorder

Question 1

Substance use disorders

Answer 1

patterns of maladaptive behaviour involving use of psychoactive substance

Question 2

Substance-induced disorder

Answer 2

disorders induced by use of psychoactive substances, including intoxication, withdrawal symptoms, mood disorders, delirium, amnesia

Question 3

Tachycardia

Answer 3

abnormally rapid heartbeat

Question 4

Delirium tremens

Answer 4

withdrawal syndrome often occuring following sudden decrease of drinking that is characterized by restlessness, sweating, disorientation, hallucinations

Question 5

Disorientation

Answer 5

lack of awareness with respect to time, place, or identity of self or others

Question 6

Korsakoff’s syndrome

Answer 6

brain damage associated with chronic thiamine deficiency, chronic alcoholism, and characterized memory loss, disorientation, and inventing memories to replace lost ones

Question 7

Teratogen

Answer 7

any substance that has ability to affect cell development

Question 8

Barbituates

Answer 8

depressant drug used to relieve anxiety or induce sleep

highly addictive

Question 9

Opiates

Answer 9

depressant drugs that provide feelings of euphoria and pain relief

highly addictive

Question 10

Sedatives

Answer 10

reduces states of tension and restlessness, inducing sleep

Question 11

Depressants

Answer 11

depress CNS activity

Question 12

Stimulants

Answer 12

heighten CNS activity

Question 13

Amphetamines

Answer 13

synthetic stimulants

Question 14

Amphetamine psychosis

Answer 14

psychotic state that mimics episodes of schizophrenia, induced by amphetamines

Question 15

Cocaine

Answer 15

stimulant that is snorted or injected

Question 16

Freebasing cocaine

Answer 16

heating cocaine with ether, increasing addiction risk

Question 17

Nicotine

Answer 17

stimulant that stimulates release of epinephrine

Question 18

Hallucinogens

Answer 18

distort sensory perception (colors, sounds, textures, synthesia)

Question 19

LSD

Answer 19

hallucinogen that expands consciousness and induces flashbacks that can be difficult to distinguish from reality

decreases action of serotonin

Question 20

Phencyclidine

Answer 20

hallucinogen that accelerates heart rate and blood pressure, causing sweating, flushing, and numbness

Question 21

Marijuana

Answer 21

mild hallucinogen

Question 22

Inhalants

Answer 22

hallucinogen involving impairment in learning and memory, where a single use can result in serious medical illnesses and death

Question 23

Self-efficacy expectancies

Answer 23

belief in ability to accomplish tasks, which is enhanced through alcohol and cocaine use

Question 24

Abstinence violation effect

Answer 24

tendency to continue to engage in a prohibited behaviour following violation of personal goal to abstaine

individual violated once so they think they might as well give up (guilt)

Question 25

Cue-exposure training

Answer 25

exposure to cues associated with ingestion of drug in controlled situations, where person is prevented from using drug

Question 26

Harm reduction

Answer 26

attempts to minimize harmful consequences of using drug