CHAPTER 3: Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive, and Trauma/Stressor-Related Disorders

Question 1

Adaptive anxiety

Answer 1

individual is able to respond and alter themselves or the environment (study for upcoming test, avoid dangerous situation)

Question 2

Maladaptive anxiety

Answer 2

level of anxiety is out or proportion to the level of threat or when it occurs out of the blue (not in response to environmental change)

Question 3

Social anxiety disorder

Answer 3

excessive fear of engaging in behaviours that involve public scrutiny

Question 4

Panic attack

Answer 4

period of intense fear or discomfort where 4+ symptoms develop abruptly

Question 5

Agoraphobia

Answer 5

fear of places where it’s difficult to escape in the event of panic-like symptoms and situations where help may be unavailable

Question 6

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Answer 6

anxiety disorder characterized by general feelings of dread, foreboding, and heightened states of sympathetic arousal

Question 7

Obsession

Answer 7

intrusive, unwanted, and recurrent thought, image, or urge that seems beyond person’s ability to control

Question 8

Compulsion

Answer 8

repetitive behaviour or mental act that person feels compelled or driven to perform

Question 9

Traumatic stress reactions

Answer 9

extreme anxiety or dissociation

Question 10

Dissociation

Answer 10

feelings of detachment from one’s self or environment

Question 11

Reactive attachment disorder

Answer 11

child attaches to everyone

Question 12

Acute stress disorder (ASD)

Answer 12

traumatic stress reaction occuring in days and weeks following exposure to traumatic event
lasts 4 weeks or less

Question 13

Posttraumatic stress disorder

Answer 13

prolonged reaction to traumatic event that threatened death or serious injury
lasts more than 4 weeks

Question 14

Adjustment disorders

Answer 14

maladaptive reaction to identified stressor that occur shortly following exposure to stressor and results in emotional distress

Question 15

Projection (psychodynamic)

Answer 15

anxiety is brought about by perception that some external threat is posed by someone or something
taking your own unacceptable qualities or feelings and ascribing them to other people

Question 16

Displacement (psychodynamic)

Answer 16

transfer of feelings or behavior from their original object to another (less threatening) person or thing

Question 17

Prepared conditioning (learning)

Answer 17

develop phobias to some things more readily than others (snakes, heights, strangers)

Question 18

Anxiety sensitivity (cognitive)

Answer 18

fear of fear

Question 19

Hyperventilation

Answer 19

panic-like symptoms

Question 20

Flooding

Answer 20

type of exposure therapy in which subjects are exposed to intensely anxiety provoking situations

Question 21

Cognitive restructuring

Answer 21

replacing irrational or self-defeating thoughts and attitudes with rational alternatives

Question 22

Decatastrophizing

Answer 22

avoiding tendencies to think the worst

Question 23

Free-floating anxiety

Answer 23

Freudian term for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Question 24

Schizoid personality disorder

Answer 24

people avoid social activities and consistently shy away from interaction with others

Question 25

Conversion disorder

Answer 25

person experiences paralysis, blindness, or other neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by medical evaluation

Question 26

Trichotillomania

Answer 26

condition that gives people strong urges to pull out their own hair

Question 27

Excoriation

Answer 27

repeated picking at one’s own skin

Question 28

Disinhibited social engagement disorder

Answer 28

attachment disorder that makes it hard for children to form an emotional bond with others

Question 29

Two-factor model (learning)

Answer 29

O. Hobart Mowrer
Classical conditioned anxiety makes people acquire fear and operant conditioned anxiety makes people develop avoidance response

Question 30

Oversensitivity to threat (cognitive)

Answer 30

perceive danger in situations most people consider to be safe

Question 31

Neuroticism

Answer 31

personality trait involving a long-term tendency to be in a negative or anxious emotional state

Question 32

Fear network

Answer 32

assumes that every new trauma activates the same memory structure

Question 33

Fear-stimulus hierarchy

Answer 33

ordered series of increasingly fearful stimuli, used in desensitization and gradual exposure