Chapter 7, Respiratory system, pages 229–233

Question 1

Adenoiditis

Answer 1

Inflammation of the adenoids.

Question 2

Anthracosis

Answer 2

Lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of cold dust; black lung disease.

Question 3

Apnea

Answer 3

Cessation of breathing.

Question 4

Asbestosis

Answer 4

Lung disorder caused by long-term inhalation of asbestos (as in construction work).

Question 5

Asthma

Answer 5

Chronic condition with obstruction or narrowing of the bronchial airways.

Question 6

Atelectasis

Answer 6

Collapse of a lung or part of a lung.

Question 7

Bacilli

Answer 7

A type of bacteria.

Question 8

Black lung

Answer 8

Anthracosis; lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of coal dust.

Question 9

Bradypnea

Answer 9

Abnormally slow breathing.

Question 10

Bronchitis

Answer 10

Inflammation of the bronchi.

Question 11

Bronchospasm

Answer 11

Sudden contraction in the bronchi that causes coughing.

Question 12

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Answer 12

Irregular breathing pattern with a period of apnea followed by deep, labored breathing that becomes shallow, then apneic.

Question 13

Chronic bronchitis

Answer 13

Reoccurring are long-lasting bouts of bronchitis.

Question 14

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Answer 14

Disease of the bronchial tubes or lungs with chronic obstruction.

Question 15

Crackles

Answer 15

Popping sound heard in lung collapse or other conditions; rails.

Question 16

Croup

Answer 16

Acute respiratory syndrome in children or infants accompanied by seal like coughing.

Question 17

Cystic fibrosis

Answer 17

Disease that causes chronic airway obstruction and also affects the bronchial tubes.

Question 18

Diphtheria

Answer 18

Acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by bacteria.

Question 19

Dysphonia

Answer 19

Hoarseness usually caused by laryngitis.

Question 20

Dyspnea

Answer 20

Difficult breathing.

Question 21

Emphysema

Answer 21

Chronic condition of hyperinflation of the air sacs; often caused by prolonged smoking.

Question 22

Empyema

Answer 22

Pus in the pleural cavity.

Question 23

Epiglottitis

Answer 23

Inflammation of the epiglottis.

Question 24

Epistaxis

Answer 24

Bleeding from the nose, usually caused by trauma or a sudden rupture of the blood vessels of the nose.

Question 25

Eupnea

Answer 25

Normal breathing.

Question 26

Hemoptysis

Answer 26

Lung or bronchial hemorrhage resulting in the spitting of blood.

Question 27

Hemothorax

Answer 27

Blood in the pleural cavity.

Question 28

Hypercapnia

Answer 28

Excessive buildup of carbon dioxide in lungs, usually associated with hypoventilation.

Question 29

Hyperpnea

Answer 29

Abnormally deep breathing.

Question 30

Hyperventilation

Answer 30

Abnormally fast breathing in and out, often associated with anxiety.

Question 31

Hypopnea

Answer 31

Shallow breathing.

Question 32

Hypoventilation

Answer 32

Abnormally low movement of air in and out of the lungs.

Question 33

Hypoxemia

Answer 33

Deficient amount of oxygen in the blood.

Question 34

Hypoxia

Answer 34

Deficient amount of oxygen in tissue.

Question 35

Laryngitis

Answer 35

Inflammation of the larynx.

Question 36

Laryngospasm

Answer 36

Sudden contraction of the larynx, which may cause coughing and may restrict breathing.

Question 37

Laryngotracheobronchitis

Answer 37

Inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi.

Question 38

Mesothelioma

Answer 38

Rare cancer of the lungs associated with asbestosis.

Question 39

Nasopharyngitis

Answer 39

Inflammation of the nose and pharynx.

Question 40

Nosebleed

Answer 40

Epistaxis; bleeding from the nose, usually caused by trauma or a sudden rupture of the blood vessels of the nose.

Question 41

Orthopnea

Answer 41

Difficulty in breathing, especially while lying down.

Question 42

Pansinusitis

Answer 42

Inflammation of all the sinuses.

Question 43

Paroxysmal

Answer 43

Sudden, as a spasm or convulsion.

Question 44

Pertussis

Answer 44

Severe infection of the pharynx, larynx and trachea caused by bacteria; whooping cough.

Question 45

Pharyngitis

Answer 45

Inflammation of the pharynx; sore throat.

Question 46

Pleural effusion

Answer 46

Escape of fluid into the pleural cavity.

Question 47

Pleuritis, pleurisy

Answer 47

Inflammation of the pleura.

Question 48

Pneumoconiosis

Answer 48

Lung condition caused by inhaling dust.

Question 49

Pneumonia

Answer 49

Acute infection of the alveoli.

Question 50

Pneumonitis

Answer 50

Inflammation of the lung.

Question 51

Pneumothorax

Answer 51

Accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity.

Question 52

Pulmonary abscess

Answer 52

Large collection of pus in the lungs.

Question 53

Pulmonary edema

Answer 53

Fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles usually caused by failure of the heart to pump enough blood to and from lungs.

Question 54

Rales

Answer 54

Cackles; popping sounds heard in lung collapse or other conditions.

Question 55

Rhinitis

Answer 55

Nasal inflammation.

Question 56

Rhinorrhea

Answer 56

Nasal discharge.

Question 57

Rhonchi

Answer 57

Wheezes; whistling sounds heard on inspiration in certain breathing disorders, especially asthma.

Question 58

Silicosis

Answer 58

Lung condition caused by silica dust from grinding rocks or glass or other materials used in manufacturing.

Question 59

Singultus

Answer 59

Hiccuping.

Question 60

Sinusitis

Answer 60

Inflammation of the sinuses.

Question 61

Stridor

Answer 61

High-pitched crowing sound heard in certain respiratory conditions.

Question 62

Tachypnea

Answer 62

Abnormally fast breathing.

Question 63

Tonsillitis

Answer 63

Inflammation of the tonsils.

Question 64

Tracheitis

Answer 64

Inflammation of the trachea.

Question 65

Turberculosis

Answer 65

Acute infectious disease caused by bacteria called bacilli.

Question 66

Upper respiratory infection

Answer 66

Infection of all or part of upper portion of respiratory tract.

Question 67

Wheezes

Answer 67

Whistling sounds heard on inspiration in certain breathing disorders, especially asthma.

Question 68

Whooping cough

Answer 68

Pertussis; severe infection of the pharynx, larynx, in trachea caused by bacteria.