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Medical Terminology > Chapter 7, Respiratory system, pages 229–233 > Flashcards

Chapter 7, Respiratory system, pages 229–233 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Adenoiditis

A

Inflammation of the adenoids.

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2
Q

Anthracosis

A

Lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of cold dust; black lung disease.

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3
Q

Apnea

A

Cessation of breathing.

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4
Q

Asbestosis

A

Lung disorder caused by long-term inhalation of asbestos (as in construction work).

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5
Q

Asthma

A

Chronic condition with obstruction or narrowing of the bronchial airways.

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6
Q

Atelectasis

A

Collapse of a lung or part of a lung.

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7
Q

Bacilli

A

A type of bacteria.

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8
Q

Black lung

A

Anthracosis; lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of coal dust.

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9
Q

Bradypnea

A

Abnormally slow breathing.

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10
Q

Bronchitis

A

Inflammation of the bronchi.

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11
Q

Bronchospasm

A

Sudden contraction in the bronchi that causes coughing.

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12
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

A

Irregular breathing pattern with a period of apnea followed by deep, labored breathing that becomes shallow, then apneic.

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13
Q

Chronic bronchitis

A

Reoccurring are long-lasting bouts of bronchitis.

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14
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A

Disease of the bronchial tubes or lungs with chronic obstruction.

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15
Q

Crackles

A

Popping sound heard in lung collapse or other conditions; rails.

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16
Q

Croup

A

Acute respiratory syndrome in children or infants accompanied by seal like coughing.

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17
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

Disease that causes chronic airway obstruction and also affects the bronchial tubes.

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18
Q

Diphtheria

A

Acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by bacteria.

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19
Q

Dysphonia

A

Hoarseness usually caused by laryngitis.

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20
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult breathing.

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21
Q

Emphysema

A

Chronic condition of hyperinflation of the air sacs; often caused by prolonged smoking.

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22
Q

Empyema

A

Pus in the pleural cavity.

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23
Q

Epiglottitis

A

Inflammation of the epiglottis.

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24
Q

Epistaxis

A

Bleeding from the nose, usually caused by trauma or a sudden rupture of the blood vessels of the nose.

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25
Q

Eupnea

A

Normal breathing.

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26
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Lung or bronchial hemorrhage resulting in the spitting of blood.

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27
Q

Hemothorax

A

Blood in the pleural cavity.

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28
Q

Hypercapnia

A

Excessive buildup of carbon dioxide in lungs, usually associated with hypoventilation.

29
Q

Hyperpnea

A

Abnormally deep breathing.

30
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Abnormally fast breathing in and out, often associated with anxiety.

31
Q

Hypopnea

A

Shallow breathing.

32
Q

Hypoventilation

A

Abnormally low movement of air in and out of the lungs.

33
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Deficient amount of oxygen in the blood.

34
Q

Hypoxia

A

Deficient amount of oxygen in tissue.

35
Q

Laryngitis

A

Inflammation of the larynx.

36
Q

Laryngospasm

A

Sudden contraction of the larynx, which may cause coughing and may restrict breathing.

37
Q

Laryngotracheobronchitis

A

Inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi.

38
Q

Mesothelioma

A

Rare cancer of the lungs associated with asbestosis.

39
Q

Nasopharyngitis

A

Inflammation of the nose and pharynx.

40
Q

Nosebleed

A

Epistaxis; bleeding from the nose, usually caused by trauma or a sudden rupture of the blood vessels of the nose.

41
Q

Orthopnea

A

Difficulty in breathing, especially while lying down.

42
Q

Pansinusitis

A

Inflammation of all the sinuses.

43
Q

Paroxysmal

A

Sudden, as a spasm or convulsion.

44
Q

Pertussis

A

Severe infection of the pharynx, larynx and trachea caused by bacteria; whooping cough.

45
Q

Pharyngitis

A

Inflammation of the pharynx; sore throat.

46
Q

Pleural effusion

A

Escape of fluid into the pleural cavity.

47
Q

Pleuritis, pleurisy

A

Inflammation of the pleura.

48
Q

Pneumoconiosis

A

Lung condition caused by inhaling dust.

49
Q

Pneumonia

A

Acute infection of the alveoli.

50
Q

Pneumonitis

A

Inflammation of the lung.

51
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity.

52
Q

Pulmonary abscess

A

Large collection of pus in the lungs.

53
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

Fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles usually caused by failure of the heart to pump enough blood to and from lungs.

54
Q

Rales

A

Cackles; popping sounds heard in lung collapse or other conditions.

55
Q

Rhinitis

A

Nasal inflammation.

56
Q

Rhinorrhea

A

Nasal discharge.

57
Q

Rhonchi

A

Wheezes; whistling sounds heard on inspiration in certain breathing disorders, especially asthma.

58
Q

Silicosis

A

Lung condition caused by silica dust from grinding rocks or glass or other materials used in manufacturing.

59
Q

Singultus

A

Hiccuping.

60
Q

Sinusitis

A

Inflammation of the sinuses.

61
Q

Stridor

A

High-pitched crowing sound heard in certain respiratory conditions.

62
Q

Tachypnea

A

Abnormally fast breathing.

63
Q

Tonsillitis

A

Inflammation of the tonsils.

64
Q

Tracheitis

A

Inflammation of the trachea.

65
Q

Turberculosis

A

Acute infectious disease caused by bacteria called bacilli.

66
Q

Upper respiratory infection

A

Infection of all or part of upper portion of respiratory tract.

67
Q

Wheezes

A

Whistling sounds heard on inspiration in certain breathing disorders, especially asthma.

68
Q

Whooping cough

A

Pertussis; severe infection of the pharynx, larynx, in trachea caused by bacteria.

Medical Terminology (28 decks)

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