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Medical Terminology > Chapter 6, Cardiovascular, page 163-166 > Flashcards

Chapter 6, Cardiovascular, page 163-166 Flashcards

1
Q

Aorta

A

Largest artery of the body; vessel through which oxygenated blood exits the heart.

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2
Q

Aortic valve

A

Valve between the aorta and the left ventricle.

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3
Q

Arteriole

A

A tiny artery connecting to a capillary.

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4
Q

Artery

A

A thick-walled blood vessel that, in systemic circulation, carries oxygenated blood away form the heart.

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5
Q

Atrioventricular bundle

A

Bundle of fibers in the interventricular septum that transfers charges in the heart’s conduction system; also called bundle of His.

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6
Q

Atrioventricular (AV) node

A

Specialized part of the interatiral septum that sends a charge to the bundle of His.

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7
Q

Atrioventricular valve

A

one of two valves that control blood flow between the atria and ventricles.

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8
Q

Atrium (pl., atria)

A

Either of the two upper chambers of the heart.

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9
Q

Bicuspid valve

A

Atrioventricular valve on the left side of the heart; mitral valve.

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10
Q

Blood

A

Essential fluid made up of plasma and other elements that circulates throughout the body; delivers nutrients to and removes waste from the body’s cells.

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11
Q

Blood pressure

A

Measure of the force of blood surging against the walls of the arteries.

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12
Q

Blood vessel

A

Any of the tubular passageways in the cardiovascular system through which blood travels.

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13
Q

Capillary

A

The smallest blood vessel that forms the exchange point between the arterial and venous vessels.

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14
Q

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

A

Waste material transported in the venous blood.

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15
Q

Cardiac cycle

A

Repeated contraction and relaxation of the heart as it circulates blood within itself and pumps it out to the rest of the body or the lungs.

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16
Q

Cardiovascular

A

Relating to or affecting the heart and blood vessels.

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17
Q

Carotid artery

A

Artery theat transports oxygenated blood to the head and neck.

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18
Q

Conduction system

A

Part of the heart containing specialized tissue that send electrical charges through heart fibers, causing the heart to contract and relax at regular intervals.

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19
Q

Coronary artery

A

Blood vessel that supplies oxygen-rich blood to the heart.

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20
Q

Depolarization

A

Contracting state of the myocardial tissue in the heart’s conduction system.

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21
Q

Diastole

A

Relaxation phase of a heartbeat.

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22
Q

Ductus arteriosus

A

Structure in the fetal circulatory system through which blood flows to bypass the fetus’s nonfunctioning lungs.

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23
Q

Ductus venosus

A

Structure in the fetal circulatory system through which blood flows to bypass the fetal liver.

24
Q

Endocardium

A

Membranous lining of the chambers and valves of the heart; the innermost layer of heart tissue.

25
Q

Endothelium

A

Lining of the arteries that secretes substances into the blood.

26
Q

Epicardium

A

Outermost layer of heart tissue.

27
Q

Femoral artery

A

An artery that supplies blood to the thigh.

28
Q

Foramen ovale

A

Opening in the septum of the fetal heart that closes at birth.

29
Q

Heart

A

Muscular organ that receives blood form the veins and sends it into the arteries.

30
Q

Inferior vena cava

A

Large vein that draws blood form the lower part of the body to the right atrium.

31
Q

Left atrium

A

Upper left heart chamber.

32
Q

Left ventricle

A

Lower left heart chamber.

33
Q

Lumen

A

Channel inside an artery through which blood flows.

34
Q

Mitral valve

A

Atrioventricular valve on the left side of the heart; bicuspid valve.

35
Q

Myocardium

A

Muscular layer of heart tissue between the epicardium and the endocardium.

36
Q

Pacemaker

A

Term for the sinoatrial (SA) node; also, an artificial device that regulates heart rhythm.

37
Q

Pericardium

A

Protective covering of the heart.

38
Q

Polarization

A

Resting state of the myocardial tissue in the conduction system of the heart.

39
Q

Popliteal artery

A

An artery that supplies blood to the cells of the area behind the knee.

40
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

One of two arteries that carry blood that is low in oxygen from the heart to the lungs.

41
Q

Pulmonary valve

A

Valve that controls the blood flow between the right ventricle and the pulmonary arteries.

42
Q

Pulmonary vein

A

One of four veins that bring oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.

43
Q

Pulse

A

Rhythmic expansion and contraction of a blood vessel, usually an artery.

44
Q

Repolarization

A

Recharging state; transition from contraction to resting that occurs in the conduction system of the heart.

45
Q

Right atrium

A

Upper right chamber of the heart.

46
Q

Right ventricle

A

Lower right chamber of the heart.

47
Q

Saphenous vein

A

Any of a group of veins that transport deoxygenated blood from the legs.

48
Q

Semilunar valve

A

One of the two valves that prevent the backflow of blood flowing out of the heart into the aorta and the pulmonary artery.

49
Q

Septum

A

Partition between the left and right chambers of the heart.

50
Q

Sinoatrial (SA) node

A

Region of the right atrium containing specialized tissue that send electrical impulses to the heart muscle, causing it to contract.

51
Q

Sinus rhythm

A

Normal heart rhythm.

52
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

Atrioventricular valve on the right side of the heart.

53
Q

Valve

A

Any of various structures that slow or prevent fluid from flowing backward or forward.

54
Q

Vein

A

Any of various blood vessels carrying deoxygenated blood toward the heart, except the pulmonary vein.

55
Q

Vena cava

A

See Superior vena cava and inferior vena cava.

56
Q

Ventricle

A

Either of the two lower chambers of the heart.

57
Q

Venule

A

A tiny vein connecting to a capillary.

Medical Terminology (28 decks)

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