Chapter 5, Musculoskeletal, pages 115-120 Flashcards
1
Q
Acetabulum
A
Cup-shaped depression in the hipbone into which the top of the femur fits.
2
Q
Acromion
A
Part of the scapula that connects to the clavicle.
3
Q
Ankle
A
Hinged area between the lower leg bones and the bones of the foot.
4
Q
Articular Cartlidge
A
Cartlidge at a joint.
5
Q
Articulation
A
Point at which to bones join together to allow movement.
6
Q
Atlas
A
First cervical vertebra.
7
Q
Axis
A
Second cervical vertebra.
8
Q
Bone
A
Hard connective tissue that forms the skeleton of the body.
9
Q
Bone head
A
Upper, rounded end of a bone.
10
Q
Bone phagocyte
A
Bone cell that ingests dead bone and bone debris.
11
Q
Bursa
A
Sack lined with a synovial membrane that fills the spaces between tendons and joints.
12
Q
Calcaneus
A
Heel bone.
13
Q
Calcium
A
Mineral important in the formation of bone.
14
Q
Cardiac muscle
A
Striated involuntary muscle of the heart.
15
Q
Carpus, carpal bone
A
Wrist; wrist bone.
16
Q
Cartilage
A
Flexible connective tissue found in joints, fetal skeleton, and the lining of various parts of the body.
17
Q
Cervical vertebrae
A
Seven vertebrae of the spinal column located in the neck.
18
Q
Clavicle
A
Curved bone of the shoulder that joins to the scapula; collarbone.
19
Q
Coccyx
A
Small bone consisting of four fused vertebrae at the end of the spinal column; tailbone.
20
Q
Compact bone
A
Hard bone with a tightly woven structure.
21
Q
Condyle
A
Rounded surface at the end of a bone.
22
Q
Crest
A
Bony ridge.
23
Q
Diaphysis
A
Long middle section of a long bone; shaft.
24
Q
Disk
A
Thick, circular mass of cartilage between the vertebrae of the spinal column. Cartilaginous disk
25
Dorsal vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae.
26
Elbow
Joint between the upper arm and the forearm.
27
Endosteum
Lining of the medullary cavity.
28
Epiphyseal plate
Cartilage tissues that is replaced during growth years, but eventually calcify and disappears when growth stops.
29
Fascia (pl., fasciae)
Sheet of fibrous tissue that encloses muscles.
30
Femur
Long bone of the thigh.
31
Fibula
Smallest long bone of the lower leg.
32
Fissure
Deep furrow or slit.
33
Flat bones
Thin, flattened bones that cover certain areas, as of the skull.
34
Fontanelle
Soft, membranous section on top of an infant 's skull.
35
Foramen
Opening or perforation through a bone.
36
Foramen magnum
Opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.
37
Fossa
Depression, as in a bone.
38
Frontal bone
Large bone of the skull that forms the top of the head and forehead.
39
Frontal sinuses
Sinuses above the eyes.
40
Heel
Back, rounded portion of the foot.
41
Humerus
Long bone of the arm connecting to the scapula on top and the radius and ulna at the bottom.
42
Ilium
Wide portion of the hip bone.
43
Insertion
Point at which a muscle attaches to a movable bone.
44
Involuntary muscle
Muscle not movable at will.
45
Irregular bones
Any of a group of bones with a special shape to fit into certain areas of the skeleton, such as the skull.
46
Joint
Place of joining between two or more bones.
47
Lacrimal bone
Thin, flat bone of the face.
48
Ligament
Sheet of fibrous tissue connecting and supporting bone; attaches bone to bone.
49
Long bone
Any bone of the extremities with a shaft.
50
Lumbar vertebrae
Five vertebrae of the lower back.
51
Mandible
U-shaped bone of the lower jaw.
52
Mandibular bone
Mandible
53
Marrow
Connective tissue filling the medullary cavity, often rich in nutrients.
54
Mastoid process
Protrusion of the temporal bone that sits behind the ear.
55
Maxillary bone
Bone of the upper jaw.
56
Maxillary sinus
Sinus on either side of the nasal cavity below the eyes.
57
Medullary cavity
Soft center cavity in bone that often holds marrow.
58
Metacarpal
One of five bones of the hand between the wrist and the fingers.
59
Metaphyisis
Section of a long bone between that epiphysis and the diaphysis.
60
Metatarsal bones
Bones of the foot between the instep (arch) and the toes.
61
Muscle
Contractile tissue that plays a major role in body movement.
62
Musculoskeletal system
System of the body including the muscles and the skeleton.
63
Nasal bones
Bones that form the bridge of the nose.
64
Nasal cavity
Cavity on either side of the nasal septum.
65
Neural canal
Space through which the spinal cord passes.
66
Occipital bone
Bone that forms the lower back portion of the skull.
67
Olecranon
Curved end of the ulna to which tendons of the arm muscles attach; bony prominence of the elbow.
68
Origin
Point at which muscles attach to stationary bone.
69
Osseous tissue
Connective tissue into which calcium salts are deposited.
70
Ossification
Hardening into bone.
71
Osteoblast
Cell that forms bone.
72
Osteocyte
Bone cell.
73
Osteoclast
Large cell that reabsorbs and removes osseous tissue.
74
Parietal bone
Flat, curved bone on either side of the upper part of the skull.
75
Patella
Large, sesamoid bone that forms the kneecap.
76
Pelvic cavity
Cup-shaped cavity formed by the large bones of the pelvic girdle; contains female reproductive organs, sigmoid colon, bladder, and rectum.
77
Pelvic girdle
Hip bones.
78
Periosteum
Fibrous membrane covering the surface of bone.
79
Phalanges
Long bones of the fingers and toes.
80
Phosphorus
Mineral important to the formation of bone.
81
Process
Bony outgrowth or projection.
82
Pubes
Anteroinferior portion of the hip bone.
83
Radius
Shorter bone of the forearm.
84
Sacrum
Next to last spinal vertebrae made up of five fused bones; vertebrae that forms part of the pelvis.
85
Scapula
Large flat bone that forms the shoulder blade.
86
Shin
Anterior ridge of the tibia.
87
Short bones
Square shaped bones with approximately equal dimensions on all sides.
88
Sinus
Hollow cavity, especially either of two cavities on the sides of the nose.
89
Skeleton
Bony framework of the body.
90
Smooth muscle
Fibers muscle of internal organs that acts involuntarily.
91
Spinal column
Column of the vertebrae at the posterior of the body, from the neck to the coccyx.
92
Spinous process
Protrusion from the center of the vertebral arch.
93
Spongy bone
Bone with an open latticework filled with connective tissue or marrow.
94
Sternum
Long, flat bone that forms the midline of the anterior of the thorax.
95
Striated muscle
Muscle with a ribbed appearance that is controlled at will.
96
Styloid process
Peg-shaped protrusion from a bone.
97
Sulcus
Groove or furrow in the surface of bone.
98
Suture
Joining of two bone parts with a fibrous membrane.
99
Synovial fluid
Fluid that serves to lubricate joints.
100
Synovial joint
A joint that moves.
101
Synovial membrane
Connective tissue lining the cavity of joints and producing the synovial fluid.
102
Tarsus, tarsal bones
Seven bones of the instep (arch of the foot).
103
Temporal bone
Large bone forming the base and sides of the skull.
104
Temporomandibular joint
Joint of the lower jaw between the temporal bone and the mandible.
105
Tendon
Fibers band that connects muscle to bones or other structures.
106
Thoracic vertebrae
Twelve vertebrae of the chest area.
107
Thorax
Part of the trunk between the neck and the abdomen; chest.
108
Tibia
Larger of the two lower leg bones.
109
Transverse process
Protrusion on either side of the vertebral arch.
110
Trochanter
Bony protrusion at that upper end of the femur.
111
True ribs
Seven upper ribs of the chest that attached to the sternum.
112
Ulna
Larger bone of the forearm.
113
Vertebra (pl., vertebrae)
One of the bony segments of the spinal column.
114
Vertebral body
Main portion of the vertebra, separate from the arches of the vertebra.
115
Vertebral column
Spinal column
116
Vitamin D
Vitamin important to the formation of bone.
117
Voluntary muscle
Striated muscle.
118
Zygomatic bone
Bone that forms the cheek.
119
Ischium
One of three fused bones that form the pelvic girdle.
120
Malleous (pl., malleoli)
Rounded protrusion of the tibia or fibula on either side of the ankle.
121
Pubic symphysis
Joint between the two public bones.
122
Symphysis
Type of cartilaginous joint uniting two bones.
