Chapter 7, Respiratory System, pages 213-216 Flashcards
Adam’s apple
Thyroid cartilage, supportive structure of the larynx; larger in males than in females.
Adenoids
Collection of lymphoid tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils.
Alveolus
Air sac at the end of each bronchiole.
Apex
Topmost section of the lung.
Base
Bottom section of the lung.
Bronchiole
Fine subdivision of the bronchi made of smooth muscle and elastic fibers.
Bronchus
One of the two airways from the trachea to the lungs.
Cilia
Hairlike extensions of a cell’s surface that usually provide some protection by sweeping foreign particles away.
Diaphragm
Membranous muscle between the abdominal and thoracic cavities that contracts and relaxes during the respiratory cycle.
Epiglottis
Cartilaginous flap that covers the larynx during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway.
Exhalation
Breathing out.
Expiration
Exhalation.
External nares
Nostrils; external openings at the base of the nose.
External respiration
Exchange of air between the body and the outside environment.
Glottis
Part of the larynx consisting of the vocal folds of mucous membrane and muscle.
Hilum
Midsection of the lung where the nerves and vessels enter and exit.
Hypopharynx
Laryngopharynx.
Inferior lobe
Bottom lobe of the long.
Inhalation
Breathing in.
Inspiration
Inhalation.
Intercostal muscles
Muscles between the ribs.
Internal respiration
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the cells.
Laryngopharynx
Part of the pharynx below and behind the larynx.
Larynx
Organ of voice production in the respiratory tract, between the pharynx and the trachea; voice box.
Lung
One of two organs of respiration (left lung and right lung) in the thoracic cavity where oxygenation of blood takes place.
Mediastinum
Medium portion of the thoracic cavity; septum between two areas of an organ or cavity.
Middle lobe
Middle section of the right lung.
Nasal cavity
Opening in the external nose where air enters the body.
Nasal septum
Cartilaginous division of the external nose.
Nasopharynx
Portion of the throat above the soft palate.
Nose
External structure supported by nasal bones and containing nasal cavity.
Nostrils
External opening at the base of the nose; also called external nares.
Oropharynx
Back portion of the mouth, a division of the pharynx.
Palatine nostrils
Lymphatic tissue that works as part of the immune system.
Paranasal sinuses
Area of the nasal cavity where external air is warmed by blood in the mucous membrane lining.
Parietal pleura
Outer layer of the pleura.
Pharyngeal nostrils
Adenoids.
Pharynx
Passageway at back of mouth for air and food; throat.
Pleura
Double layer of membrane making up the outside of the lungs.
Pleural cavity
Space between the two pleura.
Respiratory system
The body’s system for breathing.
Respiratory tract
Passageways through which air moves into and out of the lungs.
Septum
Cartilaginous division, as in the nose or mediastinum.
Soft palate
Flexible muscular sheet that separates the nasopharynx from the rest of the pharynx.
Superior lobe
Topmost lobe of each long.
Thorax
Chest cavity.
Throat
Pharynx; passageway at back of mouth for air and food.
Thyroid Cartilage
Adam’s apple; supportive structure of the larynx; larger in males than in females.
Trachea
Airway from the larynx into the bronchi; windpipe.
Visceral pleura
Inner layer of the pleura.
Vocal cords
Strips of epithelial tissue that vibrate and play a major role in the production of sound.
Voice box
Larynx; organ of voice production in the respiratory tract, between the pharynx and the trachea.
Windpipe
Trachea; airway from the larynx into the bronchi.
