Chapter 7 Quiz Questions (Book) Flashcards
Which cells have a ruffled border and secrete hydrochloric acid?
osteoclasts
The marrow cavity of an adult bone may contain
myeloid tissue.
The spurt of growth in puberty results from cell proliferation and hypertrophy in
the epiphyseal plate.
Osteoclasts are most closely related, by common descent, to
blood cells
The walls between cartilage lacunae break down in the zone of
bone deposition.
A child jumps from the top of a playground “jungle gym.” His leg bones do not shatter mainly because they contain
collagen fibers.
One long bone meets another at its
epiphysis.
One sign of osteoporosis is
a Colles fracture.
Calcium phosphate crystalizes in bone as a mineral called _______.
hydroxyapatite
Osteocytes contact each other through channels called ______ in the bone matrix.
canaliculi
A bone increases in diameter only by ______ growth, the addition of new surface lamellae.
appositional
Seed crystals of hydroxyapatite form only when the levels of calcium and phosphate in the tissue fluid exceed the ____ _____.
solubility product
A calcium deficiency called _____ can cause death by suffocation.
hypocalcemia
______ are cells that secrete collagen and stimulate calcium phosphate deposition.
Osteoblasts
The most active form of vitamin D, produced mainly from the kidneys, is _______.
calcitrol
The most common bone disease is ______.
osteoporosis
The transitional region between epiphyseal cartilage and the primary marrow cavity of a young bone is called the _______.
metaphysis
A pregnant, poorly nourished woman may suffer a softening of the bones called ______.
osteomalacia
True or False. Spongy bone is always covered by compact bone.
True
True or False. Most bones develop from hyaline cartilage.
True
True or False. Fractures are the most common bone disorder.
False. The most common bone disorder is osteoporosis.
True or False. The growth zone of long bones of adolescents is the articular cartilage.
False. Bones elongate at the epiphyseal plate, not the articular cartilage.
True or False. Osteoclasts develop from osteoblasts.
False. Osteoclasts develop from stem cells in the bone marrow, not from osteoblasts.
True or False. Osteocytes develop from osteoblasts.
True.
True or False. The protein of the bone matrix is called hydroxyapatite.
False. Hydroxyapatite is the major mineral of bone; the major protein is collagen.
True or False. Blood vessels travel through the central canals of compact bone.
True.
True or False. Vitamin D promotes bone deposition, not reabsorption.
False. The major effect of vitamin D is bone resorption, though it also promotes deposition.
True or False. Parathyroid hormone promotes bone resorption and raises blood calcium concentration.
True.
