Chapter 7 Quiz Questions (Book)

Question 1

Which cells have a ruffled border and secrete hydrochloric acid?

Answer 1

osteoclasts

Question 2

The marrow cavity of an adult bone may contain

Answer 2

myeloid tissue.

Question 3

The spurt of growth in puberty results from cell proliferation and hypertrophy in

Answer 3

the epiphyseal plate.

Question 4

Osteoclasts are most closely related, by common descent, to

Answer 4

blood cells

Question 5

The walls between cartilage lacunae break down in the zone of

Answer 5

bone deposition.

Question 6

A child jumps from the top of a playground “jungle gym.” His leg bones do not shatter mainly because they contain

Answer 6

collagen fibers.

Question 7

One long bone meets another at its

Answer 7

epiphysis.

Question 8

One sign of osteoporosis is

Answer 8

a Colles fracture.

Question 9

Calcium phosphate crystalizes in bone as a mineral called _______.

Answer 9

hydroxyapatite

Question 10

Osteocytes contact each other through channels called ______ in the bone matrix.

Answer 10

canaliculi

Question 11

A bone increases in diameter only by ______ growth, the addition of new surface lamellae.

Answer 11

appositional

Question 12

Seed crystals of hydroxyapatite form only when the levels of calcium and phosphate in the tissue fluid exceed the ____ _____.

Answer 12

solubility product

Question 13

A calcium deficiency called _____ can cause death by suffocation.

Answer 13

hypocalcemia

Question 14

______ are cells that secrete collagen and stimulate calcium phosphate deposition.

Answer 14

Osteoblasts

Question 15

The most active form of vitamin D, produced mainly from the kidneys, is _______.

Answer 15

calcitrol

Question 16

The most common bone disease is ______.

Answer 16

osteoporosis

Question 17

The transitional region between epiphyseal cartilage and the primary marrow cavity of a young bone is called the _______.

Answer 17

metaphysis

Question 18

A pregnant, poorly nourished woman may suffer a softening of the bones called ______.

Answer 18

osteomalacia

Question 19

True or False. Spongy bone is always covered by compact bone.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

True or False. Most bones develop from hyaline cartilage.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

True or False. Fractures are the most common bone disorder.

Answer 21

False. The most common bone disorder is osteoporosis.

Question 22

True or False. The growth zone of long bones of adolescents is the articular cartilage.

Answer 22

False. Bones elongate at the epiphyseal plate, not the articular cartilage.

Question 23

True or False. Osteoclasts develop from osteoblasts.

Answer 23

False. Osteoclasts develop from stem cells in the bone marrow, not from osteoblasts.

Question 24

True or False. Osteocytes develop from osteoblasts.

Answer 24

True.

Question 25

True or False. The protein of the bone matrix is called hydroxyapatite.

Answer 25

False. Hydroxyapatite is the major mineral of bone; the major protein is collagen.

Question 26

True or False. Blood vessels travel through the central canals of compact bone.

Answer 26

True.

Question 27

True or False. Vitamin D promotes bone deposition, not reabsorption.

Answer 27

False. The major effect of vitamin D is bone resorption, though it also promotes deposition.

Question 28

True or False. Parathyroid hormone promotes bone resorption and raises blood calcium concentration.

Answer 28

True.