Chapter 7 (Flexibility) Flashcards
Which of the following refers to the ability to move a joint through its complete range of motion? A. Septicity B. Plasticity C. Agility D. Flexibility
D
Range of motion (ROM) of a joint is dictated by the normal \_\_\_\_\_ of all soft tissues surrounding it. A. septicity B. extensibility C. plasticity D. miscibility
B
The capability of soft tissues to be elongated or stretched is called \_\_\_\_\_. A. septicity B. extensibility C. plasticity D. miscibility
B
Neuromuscular efficiency refers to the ability of the nervous system to recruit agonists, antagonists, synergists, and stabilizers to _____.
A. produce force, reduce force, and stabilize the body’s structure dynamically in all three planes of motion
B. produce force, reduce force, and stabilize the body’s structure dynamically in the sagittal and transverse planes of motion
C. produce force eccentrically and stabilize the body’s structure dynamically in the frontal plane of motion
D. reduce force concentrically and stabilize the body’s structure dynamically in the transverse plane of motion
A
The human movement system (HMS) is also known as the \_\_\_\_\_. A. kinematic chain B. locomotor system C. kinetic chain D. integumentary system
C
Predictable patterns of muscle imbalance are called \_\_\_\_\_. A. postural distortion patterns B. harmonic distortion patterns C. cognitive distortions D. muscle distortions
A
The ultimate goal of the human movement system (HMS) is to \_\_\_\_\_. A. maintain relative flexibility B. maintain homeostasis C. increase trigger points D. increase tissue overload
B
With regard to multiplanar flexibility, the latissimus dorsi muscle must have proper extensibility to allow for proper \_\_\_\_\_ in the sagittal plane. A. shoulder flexion B. internal rotation of femur C. inversion of calcaneus D. hip and knee internal rotation
A
According to the concept of multiplanar flexibility, the biceps femoris muscle must have proper extensibility to allow for proper hip adduction in the \_\_\_\_\_. A. axial plane B. transverse plane C. sagittal plane D. frontal plane
D
The tendency of the body to seek the path of least resistance during functional movement patterns is called \_\_\_\_\_. A. relative flexibility B. muscle imbalance C. homeostasis D. altered reciprocal inhibition
A
Which of the following best defines muscle imbalance?
A. The body seeking the path of least resistance during functional movement patterns
B. Synergists taking over the function of a weak or inhibited prime mover
C. Alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint
D. Exertion of more force by a muscle than what is being placed on it
C
Which of the following relates to altered forces at the joint that result in abnormal muscular activity and impaired neuromuscular communication at the joint? A. Autogenic inhibition B. Diastolic dysfunction C. Reciprocal inhibition D. Arthrokinetic dysfunction
D
\_\_\_\_\_ is defined as the simultaneous contraction of one muscle and the relaxation of its antagonist. A. Autogenic inhibition B. Postural distortion C. Arthrokinetic dysfunction D. Reciprocal inhibition
D
Which of the following is true of reciprocal inhibition?
A. It is a naturally occurring phenomenon that allows movement to take place.
B. It is caused by a tight agonist muscle decreasing the neural drive to its functional antagonist.
C. It alters force-couple relationships and produces synergistic dominance.
D. It leads to the development of faulty movement patterns and arthrokinetic dysfunction.
A
\_\_\_\_\_ is caused by a tight agonist muscle decreasing the neural drive to its functional antagonist. A. Altered reciprocal inhibition B. Synergistic dominance C. Autogenic inhibition D. Arthrokinetic dysfunction
A
Which of the following statements is true of altered reciprocal inhibition?
A. It ends synergistic dominance.
B. It enhances neuromuscular control.
C. It alters force-couple relationships.
D. It reduces the risk of arthrokinetic dysfunction.
C
Identify a characteristic of altered reciprocal inhibition.
A. It sustains force-couple relationships.
B. It leads to poor neuromuscular control.
C. It ends synergistic dominance.
D. It reduces the risk of arthrokinetic dysfunction.
B
Which of the following terms refers to a neuromuscular phenomenon that occurs when inappropriate muscles take over the function of a weak or inhibited prime mover? A. Synergistic gangrene B. Synergistic dominance C. Synergistic kinesiology D. Synergistic catalysis
B
Identify a true statement about synergistic dominance.
A. It is a naturally occurring phenomenon that allows movement to take place.
B. It is defined as the simultaneous contraction of one muscle and the relaxation of its antagonist.
C. It helps in improving neuromuscular control and reduces the risk of development of arthrokinetic dysfunction.
D. It leads to faulty movement patterns, leading to arthrokinetic dysfunction and eventual injury.
D
\_\_\_\_\_ refers to the motions of joints in the body. A. Osteokinematics B. Forward kinematics C. Arthrokinematics D. Inverse kinematics
C
\_\_\_\_\_ are the major sensory organ of the muscle and are composed of microscopic fibers that lie parallel to the muscle fiber. A. Intercalated discs B. Muscle spindles C. Epithelial tissues D. Muscle knots
B
The function of \_\_\_\_\_ is to help prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast. A. an intercalated disc B. a muscle spindle C. epithelial tissue D. a muscle knot
B
Which of the following is true of the Golgi tendon organ?
A. When excited, it places a muscle under excessive stress.
B. When excited, it causes a muscle to relax.
C. When excited, it results in micro muscle spasms.
D. When excited, it leads to poor movement of muscles.
B
The process by which neural impulses that sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscle contraction, providing an inhibitory effect to the muscle spindles is called \_\_\_\_\_. A. reciprocal inhibition B. synergistic dominance C. autogenic inhibition D. arthrokinetic dysfunction
C
Identify a true statement about autogenic inhibition.
A. Stretching of lengthened muscle increases the excitement of muscle spindles creating a spasm.
B. Contracting muscles are inhibited by their own receptors.
C. It activates the body’s pain receptors and initiates a protective mechanism, decreasing the muscle tension.
D. It uses agonists and synergists to dynamically move a joint into a range of motion.
B
