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CPT exam prep > Chapter 18 > Flashcards

Chapter 18 Flashcards

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1
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_ is the average daily nutrient intake level that is sufficient to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all healthy individuals who are in a particular life stage and gender group.
A. Estimated average requirement
B. Recommended dietary allowance
C. Adequate intake
D. Tolerable upper intake level
A

B

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2
Q

In the context of dietary reference intake (DRI) values for nutrients, estimated average requirement (EAR) refers to:
A. the average daily nutrient intake level that is sufficient to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all healthy individuals who are in a particular life stage and gender group.
B. the average daily nutrient intake level that is estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals who are in a particular life stage and gender group.
C. the recommended average daily nutrient intake level, based on observed approximations or estimates of nutrient intake that are assumed to be adequate for a group (or groups) of healthy people.
D. the highest average daily nutrient intake level likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects to almost all individuals in a particular life stage and gender group.

A

B

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3
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_ is the recommended average daily nutrient intake level, based on observed approximations or estimates of nutrient intake that are assumed to be sufficient for a group (or groups) of healthy people.
A. Adequate intake 
B. Recommended dietary allowance
C. Estimated average requirement
D. Tolerable upper intake level
A

A

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4
Q

Tolerable upper intake level is:
A. the average daily nutrient intake level that is sufficient to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all healthy individuals who are in a particular life stage and gender group.
B. the average daily nutrient intake level that is estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals who are in a particular life stage and gender group.
C. the recommended average daily nutrient intake level, based on observed or estimates of nutrient intake that are assumed to be adequate for a group (or groups) of healthy people.
D. the highest average daily nutrient intake level likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects to almost all individuals in a particular life stage and gender group.

A

D

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5
Q 
Identify the current recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of vitamin A for men in the age group of 31–50 years.
A. 600 mcg
B. 700 mcg
C. 800 mcg
D. 900 mcg
A

D

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6
Q 
What is the current safe upper level (SUL) intake of vitamin A for adults?
A. 500 mcg
B. 1,000 mcg
C. 1,500 mcg
D. 2,000 mcg
A

C

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7
Q 
What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of vitamin D for men and women in the age group of 31–50 years?
A. 5 mcg
B. 50 mcg
C. 500 mcg
D. 5,000 mcg
A

A

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8
Q 
What is the safe upper level (SUL) intake of vitamin D for adults?
A. 5 mcg
B. 25 mcg
C. 150 mcg
D. 200 mcg
A

B

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9
Q 
Identify the Daily Value (DV) of vitamin D for adults.
A. 50 mcg
B. 10 mcg
C. 25 mcg
D. 200 mcg
A

B

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10
Q 
What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of vitamin E for adults within the age group of 31–50?
A. 5 mcg
B. 15 mg
C. 15 mcg
D. 22 mg
A

B

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11
Q 
What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of vitamin B6 for adults?
A. 1.3 mg
B. 10 mg
C. 5.3 mg
D. 20 mg
A

A

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12
Q 
Which of the following nutrients can cause adverse effects on male and female reproductive systems if consumed in excess (above safe upper level)?
A. Biotin
B. Boron
C. Iron
D. Niacin
A

B

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13
Q 
What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of calcium for men and women within the age group of 31–50?
A. 500 mg
B. 1,000 mg
C. 1,500 mg
D. 2,000 mg
A

B

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14
Q 
What is the safe upper level intake (SUL) of calcium?
A. 500 mg
B. 1,000 mg
C. 1,500 mg
D. 2,000 mg
A

C

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15
Q 
Alteration of parathyroid hormone levels is a potential result of excess intake of \_\_\_\_\_.
A. magnesium
B. phosphorus
C. potassium
D. calcium
A

B

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16
Q 
Excessive intake of \_\_\_\_\_ has cardiotoxic effects on the human body. 
A. chromium
B. fluoride
C. cobalt
D. copper
A

C

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17
Q 
Which of the following micronutrients has a zero safe upper level (SUL) intake?
A. Chromium
B. Germanium
C. Niacin
D. Biotin
A

B

18
Q 
Which of the following vitamins can cause birth defects if consumed in excess by a women during early pregnancy? 
A. vitamin A 
B. vitamin C 
C. vitamin D
D. vitamin B6
A

A

19
Q 
Excess intake of \_\_\_\_\_ can result in the calcification of blood vessels.
A. vitamin A
B. vitamin C
C. vitamin D
D. vitamin B6
A

C

20
Q

Excessive intake of vitamin B6 can cause:
A. impaired immune function.
B. gastrointestinal irritation.
C. permanent damage to sensory nerves.
D. diarrhea and gastrointestinal disturbance.

A

C

21
Q 
Excess or inadequate intake of \_\_\_\_\_ can increase the risk of developing kidney stones.
A. vitamin A
B. vitamin C
C. calcium
D. iron
A

C

22
Q 
Excess intake of \_\_\_\_\_ can interfere with the absorption of minerals including zinc.
A. vitamin A
B. calcium
C. vitamin C 
D. iron
A

D

23
Q 
Supplementation with \_\_\_\_\_ can complicate conditions for people on anticoagulant therapy.
A. vitamins E and K
B. vitamins A and B6
C. iron and zinc
D. calcium and phosphorous
A

A

24
Q 
Identify the nutrient that is likely to result in excess dosage in men when a dietary supplement provides 100 percent of its Daily Value.
A. Vitamin E
B. Vitamin C
C. Iron
D. Zinc
A

C

25
Q 
A dietary supplement containing 100 percent of the Daily Value for \_\_\_\_\_ is likely to result in excess dosage in both men and women. 
A. vitamin A
B. vitamin C
C. iron
D. iodine
A

A

26
Q 
The amounts of vitamins A, D, and E are expressed on supplement labels as \_\_\_\_\_.
A. milligram (mg)
B. international unit (IU)
C. microgram (mcg)
D. parts per million (PPM)
A

B

27
Q

High intake of retinol as a vitamin A supplement is associated with:
A. increased incidence of hip fracture in older women.
B. increased risk of breast cancer in younger women.
C. increased risk of lung cancer in both men and women.
D. increased incidence of gastrointestinal damage in children.

A

A

28
Q 
Which of the following nutrients is more likely to be consumed in excessive amounts from supplements and fortified foods combined?
A. Vitamin D
B. Vitamin C
C. Biotin
D. Boron
A

A

29
Q 
A(n) \_\_\_\_\_ refers to something that enhances athletic performance.
A. abiogenic aid
B. ergonomic aid
C. ergogenic aid
D. nootropic aid
A

C

30
Q

Creatine is synthesized naturally in the human body from the amino acids:
A. phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine.
B. methionine, glycine, and arginine.
C. leucine, glycine, and glutamine.
D. asparagine, alanine, and valine.

A

B

31
Q

The typical dosing scheme of creatine supplementation to build muscle mass is:
A. 20 g for 5–7 days followed by 2–5 g per day.
B. 10 g for 4 days followed by 1 g per day.
C. 30 g for 3–5 days followed by 1–2 g per day.
D. 5 g for 3 days followed by 2 g per day.

A

A

32
Q 
The most effective ergogenic response to caffeine has been observed at a dosage of about \_\_\_\_\_ per kg body weight and it is ingested about one hour before exercise.
A. one mg
B. two to four mg 
C. three to six mg 
D. eight mg
A

C

33
Q 
Which of the following stimulants is unlikely to be ergogenic for any athlete in normal health?
A. Corticosteroid
B. Androstenedione
C. Caffeine
D. Ephedrine
A

B

34
Q 
Which of the following stimulants mimics the effects of testosterone?
A. Androgenic-anabolic steroid
B. Androstenedione
C. Dehydroepiandrosterone
D. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agent
A

A

35
Q 
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of androgenic-anabolic steroid use in men?
A. Deepening of voice
B. Gynecomastia
C. Prostate cancer
D. Diabetes
A

B

36
Q 
Identify a potential adverse effect of androgenic-anabolic steroid use in women.
A. Gynecomastia 
B. Deepening of voice
C. Uterine cancer
D. Diabetes
A

B

37
Q

Use of androgenic anabolic steroids by adolescents:
A. can cause early closure of the growth plates in bones.
B. can cause sudden increase in height.
C. can increase the risk of Down syndrome.
D. can reduce aggression in response to physical provocation

A

A

38
Q 
1. Which of the following nutrients (present only as retinol) should be consumed less than 100% of the daily value (DV)?
	•	Vitamin A
	•	Vitamin C
	•	Vitamin D
	•	Vitamin K
A

Vit a

39
Q 
2. Good guidelines for adequate, excessive, and potentially harmful intakes of a nutrient for normal, healthy individuals are known as
	•	Dietary reference intake
	•	Daily recommended intake
	•	Dietary requirement institution
	•	Daily reference institute
A

DRI

40
Q 
3. The average daily nutrient intake level that is sufficient to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all (97–98%) healthy individuals who are in a particular life stage and gender group is defined as
	•	Estimated Average Requirement
	•	Tolerable Upper Intake Level
	•	Adequate Intake
	•	Recommended daily allowance
A

RDA

41
Q 
4. The average daily nutrient intake level that is estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals who are in a particular life stage and gender group is defined as
	•	Tolerable Upper Intake Level
	•	Estimated Average Requirement 
	•	Adequate Intake
	•	Recommended Daily Allowance
A

Adequate intake

42
Q
  1. True or false, some B vitamins (B1, B2, B12, pantothenic acid, and biotin) do not have UL values because of a lack of data on adverse effects?
    • True
    • False
A

True

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