Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych 1200 > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Cognitive revolution

A

study of internal mental processes became an acceptable target for research

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The alkinson-shiffrin (multi-store) model of memory

A

stimulus–> sensory organs–> sensory memory–> short term memory long term memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

During alkinson-shiffrin model of memory what occurs

A

info is rehearsed and some info is encoded into long term memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sensory organs

A

sense, eyes/ears, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sensory memory

A

limitless, but short lived

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Short term memory

A

lasts 30 seconds, working memory and rehearsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Long term memory

A

unlimited, but not always accessible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ionic memory

A

visual sensory store (no more than 1 second)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Echoic memory

A

auditory sensory store (no more than 5 seconds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The whole report and condition

A

flashing letters at someone then asking them to report them back, can usually report 3-4 out of 12 letters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The partial report condition

A

hearing a tone while looking at letters to decided which row to repeat, people can report 3-4 out of 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Attention

A

helps select a portion of the sensor memory for further processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Change blindness

A

showwing someone a change in a picture, easier when presented simultaneously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chunking

A

letters placed randomly vs connecting to larger units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The serial position effect

A

if given a long list of words, most likely to remember the first few and last few

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

First few words remembered =

A

primacy effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Last few words remembered =

A

recency effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

2 types of forgetting

A
  • proactive interference

- retroactive interference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Proactive interference

A

after hearing the first few words this makes it hard to remember other info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Retroactive interference

A

info presented later makes it hard to remember stuff from before

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Phonological loop

A

for keeping sound based info active with rehearsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The word length effect

A

easier to remember short words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Visuospatial sketchpad

A

for representing visual info and where objects are in space (traffic flow)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Feature binding

A

seeing something as whole rather than a collection of features

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Episodic buffer

A

for representing combined auditory, visual, and knowledge from long term memory store

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Central executive

A

for coordinating the functions of the 3 storage systems and directing attention to sensory inputs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Declarative memory

A

memories that involve our conscious minds and that we can we can describe verbally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Non-Declarative (implicit) memory

A

memory for previously learned s``kills and associations that guide our thoughts, feelings snd actions automatically and unconsciously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Non-declarative memory includes…

A

includes all of the unconscious influences of memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Types of declarative memory

A
  • episodic memory

- semantic memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Episodic memory

A

memory for specific, autobiographical events in ones life

32
Q

Semantic memory

A

general knowledge about the world that does no involve accessing the details of any particular life experience

33
Q

Example of semantic memory

A

knowing difference between leprechaun and elf

34
Q

Edouard Claparede

A

shook the amnesia lady’s hand with pin for experiment

35
Q

Procedural memory

A

knowledge abut how to perform actions (dance routine)

36
Q

Priming

A

involves an unconscious influence of an experience on our subsequent thoughts or behaviours

37
Q

Donald Hebb

A

“cell that fire together, wire together” termed long term potentiation

38
Q

Long term potentiation

A

when neutrons across the brain fire the same time, the bonds between them get stronger

39
Q

Consolidation

A

the capacity to remember an event over the long term relies on a binding together of strong connections between the pattern of neural firing thats associated with that experience

40
Q

Henry Molaison (H.M)

A

had brain surgery to stop his epilepsy but as a results suffered from amnesia

41
Q

Anterograde amnesia

A

an inability to remember any events occurring after some brain altering experience

42
Q

Retrograde amnesia

A

not remembering experiences that occurred at some point of time before the trauma or surgery

43
Q

3 ways of incoming sensory info

A
  • encoding
  • storage
  • retrieval
44
Q

Encoding

A

info is converted for storage

45
Q

Storage

A

info is retained in memory

46
Q

Retrieval

A

info is recovered from memory when needed

47
Q

Rote learning

A

merely repeating info over and over again with the goal of remember it for long term

48
Q

Crank and watkins study involved

A

participants said numbers, then repeated a word a few times then had to say the number again

49
Q

In crank and watkins study the amount of times repeating the word had…

A

no effect on the likelihood of remembering them

50
Q

Crank and watkins study supports..

A

keeping info active in working memory, but is poor way of achieving long term memory

51
Q

Maintenance rehearsal

A

mindless repetition and rote learning

52
Q

Levels of processing frame work

A
  • shallow processing
  • intermediate processing
  • deep processing
53
Q

Shallow processing

A

thinking about the appearance of the word

54
Q

Intermediate processing

A

thinking about what the word sounds like

55
Q

Deep processing

A

thinking about the meaning of the word

56
Q

Effective other methods of elaborative rehearsal

A
  • self reference effect

- survival processing

57
Q

Self reference effect

A

thinking about info in a way that relates to ourselves and our other personal experience

58
Q

Survival effect

A

thinking about info in a way that relate to personal survival

59
Q

Recognition

A

identifying something that you’ve experienced

60
Q

Recall

A

requires bringing to mind details about a period experience

61
Q

Retrieval cues**

A

matches make you think about fire

62
Q

Encoding specificity

A

successful remembering depends on the degree of match between the current situation and the event that we are trying to remember

63
Q

Context dependent memory

A

remembering memories of a place when you are there

64
Q

State dependent learning

A

remembering will be more successful when a persons internal state at time of encoding matched their internal state of the time of retrieval (study while high, take test while high)

65
Q

Mood dependent learning

A

remembering will be more successful when a persons mood at the tie of encoding matched their mood at time of retrieval

66
Q

The room of emotion in remembering

A

high emotion leads to better remembering

67
Q

Neilson and colleagues study

A

shown list of words then one group a pic of surgery and others infractions on how to brush your teeth, survey pic helped remember more

68
Q

Flashbulb memory`

A

events so emotional and shocking that you will never forget any details but not true and less accurate after time, more confident about their memory of the extreme event

69
Q

Hermann Ebbinghaus

A

first to discover forgetting curse, studied his own memory of mixing words

70
Q

Mnemonics

A

methods for making info memorable (do kids play games on family game sunday)

71
Q

Elaborative rehearsal

A

the more you think about something the more likely you are to remember

72
Q

Guided imagery

A

a technique meant to help individuals remember and event from earlier in their life by having them imagine what the type of event might have been like

73
Q

Imagination inflation

A

the more a person imagines what an event would be like, the more likely they will be to become convinced that the imagined event actually happened to them

74
Q

Schemas

A

general knowledge in memory about what features are typical for certain types of situations

75
Q

Deese Roediger Mcdermott (DRM) effect

A

people think that they saw the critical lure on the list, even though it wasn’t presented

76
Q

Misinformation effect

A

when biasing questions alter an eyewitnesses memory for the event they witnessed

77
Q

Bruck and Ceci study

A

janitor cleaning or not then asked children different questions, tell adults what they want to hear

Psych 1200 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions