Chapter 7

Question 0

Race

Answer 0

identity with a group of people who share a biological ancestor

Question 1

Ethnicity

Answer 1

identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth

Question 2

Triangle slave trade

Answer 2

• Europe to Africa with goods to buy slaves
• Africa to Western Hemisphere with slaves and gold
• Western Hemisphere to Europe with sugar and molasses

Question 3

Sharecropper

Answer 3

Works fields rented from a landowner and paid the rent by turning over to the landowner a share of crops

Question 4

Racism

Answer 4

The belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race

Question 5

Racist

Answer 5

A person who subscribes to the beliefs of racism

Question 6

Blockbusting

Answer 6

Real estate agents convinced white homeowners living near a black area to sell their houses at a low prices

Question 7

Apartheid

Answer 7

the physical separation of different races into different geographic areas

Question 8

Nationality

Answer 8

In the US, it identifies citizens of then United States of America, including those born in the country and those who immigrated and became citizens

Question 9

Nation-state

Answer 9

A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality

Question 10

Self-determination

Answer 10

The concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves

Question 11

Nationalism

Answer 11

Loyalty and devotion to a nationality

Question 12

Centripetal force

Answer 12

An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state

Question 13

Ethnic cleansing

Answer 13

A process in which a more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region

Question 14

Balkanized

Answer 14

Descriptive of a small geographic area that could not successfully be organized into one or more stable states because it was inhabited by many ethnicities with complex, long-standing antagonisms toward each other

Question 15

Balkanization

Answer 15

Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities

Question 16

Acculturation

Answer 16

When one group of people adopt the culture traits of another culture

Question 17

Adaptive strategies

Answer 17

strategies that make people adapt to the prevailing culture

Question 18

Assimilation

Answer 18

The succession of one race into another

Question 19

Barrio

Answer 19

An urban area in a Spanish-speaking country

Question 20

Chain migration

Answer 20

Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there

Question 21

Cultural adaption

Answer 21

New people adapt to the culture of the previously existing people

Question 22

Cultural shatterbelt

Answer 22

Areas where diverse languages are spoken

Question 23

Ethnic conflict

Answer 23

A war between ethnic groups, often as a result of ethnic nationalism

Question 24

Ethnic enclave

Answer 24

A neighborhood, district, or suburb which retains some cultural distinction from a larger, surrounding area

Question 25

Ethnic group

Answer 25

People of the same race or nationality who share a distinctive culture

Question 26

Ethnic region

Answer 26

A region containing a dominant group of people who share the same cultural backgrounds

Question 27

Ethnic homeland

Answer 27

A place of origin for a certain ethnicity

Question 28

Ethnic landscape

Answer 28

Various ethnic groups that make up a population

Question 29

Ethnic neighborhood

Answer 29

An area within a city containing members of the same ethnic background

Question 30

Ethnocentrenism

Answer 30

Belief in superiority of one’s own ethnic group

Question 31

Ghetto

Answer 31

A poor, densely populated city district occupied by a minority ethnic group linked together by economic hardship and social restrictions

Question 32

Plural society

Answer 32

A society combing ethnic contrasts

Question 33

Segregation

Answer 33

And social system that provides seperate facilities for minority groups

Question 34

Social distance

Answer 34

The distance between different groups of society and is opposed to locational distance

Question 35

Distribution of ethnicities

Answer 35

Dependent on race, religion, and culture

Question 36

Sequent occupance

Answer 36

Notion that successful societies leave their cultural imprints on a place each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape

Question 37

Ethnic exclaves

Answer 37

A part of a country that is seperated from the rest of the country by ethnicity that is surrounded by different ethnicities

Question 38

Dowry death

Answer 38

Disputes over the price to be paid by the family of the bride to the father of the groom (the dowry) have, in some extreme cases, lead to the death of the bride

Question 39

Enfranchisement

Answer 39

A statutory right or privilege granted to a person or group by a government

Question 40

Gender

Answer 40

The state of being male or female (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones)

Question 41

Gender gap

Answer 41

Difference in political views between men and women

Question 42

Infanticide

Answer 42

The act of killing an infant

Question 43

Longevity gap

Answer 43

The gap between the life expectancy of men and women

Question 44

Maternal mortality rate

Answer 44

Number of deaths per thousand of women giving birth

Question 45

GDP

Answer 45

The value of the total number of goods and services produced in a country in a given time period

Question 46

GNP

Answer 46

Is similar to GDP except that includes income that people earn abroad