Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AP Human Geography > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
0
Q

Arithmetic density

A

The total number of objects in an area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Demography

A

The scientific study of population characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physiological density

A

The number of people supported by a unit area of arable land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Agricultural density

A

The ratio of the number of farmers to the amount of arable land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Doubling time

A

The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Population pyramid

A

A country’s population displayed by age and gender groups on a bar graph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sex ratio

A

The number of males per hundred females in a population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Epidemiologic transition

A

Focuses on distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ecumene

A

The portion of Earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Total fertility rate

A

The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Crude birth rate

A

The total number of live births in a year for every 1000 people alive in the society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Crude death rate

A

The total number of deaths in a year for every 1000 people alive in the society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Natural increase rate

A

The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Life expectancy

A

The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Infant mortality rate

A

The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year old for every 1000 live births in a society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Overpopulation

A

The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tomas Malthus

A

An English economist who was one of the first to argue that the world’s rate of population increase was far outrunning the development of food supplies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Neo-Malthusian

A

Argue that in Malthus’s time only a few relatively wealthy countries had entered stage 2 of the demographic transition, characterized by rapid population increase and that the world population growth is outstripping a wide variety of resources, not just food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Demographic transition model

A

The process of change in a society’s population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase and a higher total population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Zero population growth

A

When a country reaches stage 4 of the demographic transition when the CBR declines to the point where it equals the CDR, and the NIR approaches zero

20
Q

Population densities

A

a measurement of the # of people per given unit of land

21
Q

Rate of natural increase

A

population growth measured as the excess of live births over deaths

22
Q

Demographic regions

A

regions grouped together by the stage of the demographic transition model that most countries in the region are in

23
Q

Population distributions

A

how a population is spread over an area

24
Q

Natality

A

the number of live births divided by the population

25
Q

Mortality

A

the number of deaths per thousand people

26
Q

Population explosion

A

rapid growth of the world’s human population during the past century, attended by shorter doubling times and accelerating rates of increase

27
Q

Age distribution

A

The proportion of individuals of different ages within a population

can be used to estimate survival by calculating the difference in proportion of individuals in succeeding age classes

28
Q

disease diffusion

A

how disease spreads in a population

29
Q

J-curve

A

The shape of a line graph of population when growth is exponential

30
Q

Cohort

A

A population group that’s distinguished by a certain characteristic

31
Q

demographic equation

A

equation that summarizes the amount of growth or decline in a population during a certain time period, also taking account net migration and natural increase

32
Q

Dependency ratio

A

ratio of the economically dependent part of the population to the productive part

33
Q

Maladaptation

A

an adaption that does more harm than good

34
Q

S-curve

A

the curve that defines the rate at which technology is advancing

35
Q

Sustainability

A

how well a country can supply its residents with the proper needs

36
Q

Underpopulation

A

a sharp drop or decrease in a region’s population

37
Q

Demographic momentum

A

the tendency for a growing population to continue growing after a fertility decline because of their young age distribution. This is important because once this happens, a country moves to a different stage in the demographic transition model

38
Q

Diffusion of fertility control

A

Spread throughout the world

-shows how many kids a mother is having to see the growth of regions

39
Q

Standard of living

A

refers to the quality and quantity of goods and services available to the people and the way they are distributed within in a population

40
Q

Population projection

A

predicts the future population of a region

41
Q

Carrying capacity

A

tells you how many people an area can support

the population level that can be supported, given the quantity of food, habitat, water and other life infrastructure present

42
Q

Gendered space

A

areas or regions designed for men or women

43
Q

Anti-natalist policies

A

Concerned with limiting population growth

44
Q

pro-natalist policies

A

An attitude or policy that encourages childbearing

45
Q

Major population cultures

A

Relatively the same CBR and CDR

or

High CBR and low CDR

46
Q

Emerging population clusters

A

High CBR and lowering CDR

47
Q

Sparsely populated areas

A

Non-ecumene

Dry lands, wet lands, cold lands, high lands

AP Human Geography (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions