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Genetics > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What genes travel together in meiosis?

A

linked genes

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2
Q

What are groups of linked genes referred to as?

A

linkage group

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3
Q

What are gametes that only contain the original combinations of alleles in the parents?

A

nonrecombinant gametes

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4
Q

What is the kids of parents whose gametes match the combination of the parents?

A

nonrecombinant progeny

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5
Q

What are gametes with new combination of alleles referred to as?

A

recombinant gametes

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6
Q

What are the children with new combinations of traits as compared to the parents?

A

recombinant progeny

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7
Q

What is the percentage of recombinant progeny in a cross?

A

recombination frequency (# of recombinant/total #)

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8
Q

What is the configuration where both wild-type alleles are found on one chromosome?

A

coupling configuration or cis configuration

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9
Q

What is the configuration where the wild type alleles are on different chromosomes?

A

repulsion configuration or trans configuration

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10
Q

Chromosome maps calculated by using recombination

A

genetic maps

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11
Q

Chromosome maps calculated by using physical distanced.

A

Physical maps

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12
Q

Distance on genetic maps are measured in…

A

map units (equals 1% difference in recombination rate)

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13
Q

What is another word for map units?

A

centiMorgans (cM)

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14
Q

What is a test cross between two genes

A

Two-point testcross

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15
Q

What is a test cross between three genes

A

three point testcross

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16
Q

What is the degree to which one crossover interferes with additional crossovers in the same region referred to as?

A

interference

17
Q

What value helps us to calculate interference by dividing the observed double crosses by the expected.

A

coefficient of coincidence

18
Q

What are the functions that correlate recombination frequencies to actual physical distance

A

mapping functions

19
Q

What is the value to determine if genes are actually linked

A

Lod scores

20
Q

What are variable genes with easily observable phenotypes

A

genetic markers

21
Q

What is the gene mapping strategy where one looks at the progeny phenotypes and looks for associations

A

linkage analysis

22
Q

What is the type of gene mapping that looks for nonrandom associations between the presence of a trait and alleles at many different loci.

A

genome-wide association studies

23
Q

What is a specific set of linked allleles?

A

haplotype

24
Q

what is the nonrandom association between alleles in a haplotype

A

linkage disequilibrium

25
Q

What is an area in a genome where individuals vary by a single nucleotide base

A

single-nucleotide polymorphisms

26
Q

What is the gene mapping strategy where two different types of cells are fused

A

somatic-cell hybridization

27
Q

What is the result of repeated duplication by a viral-infected or cancerous cell

A

cell line

28
Q

What is a cell that possesses two nuclei called?

A

heterokaryon

29
Q

What is the method for mapping that examines the impact of deletions on phenotype?

A

deletion mapping

Genetics (12 decks)

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