Chapter 7 Flashcards
What is deviance
Variation from a set of norms or shared social expectations
Deviants
Ppl who violate these shared experiences
Conformity
Opposite of deviance
What does deviance help define
The limits of social tolerance
Methods of social control
Arrests, criminal trials, etc
Dysfunctions of deviance
Can disrupt social order, distrust will of others to conform, destroy trust
Internal means of control
Members conform to norms bcs they believe they should regardless of who is present
External means of control
Responses of others to a members behaviours, pressures or sanctions
What is a sanction
Rewards and punishemenrs used to encourage proper behaviour
Positive sanction
Encourages others to pursue a behaviour
Negative sanction
Discourage a behaviour
Informal external control
Post and negative controls, smiling, frowning
Formal external
Systems created by society to control deviance, courtroom
Labeling theory
How certain behaviours are labeled deviant, and how being given a level influenced behaviour
Cultural transmission theory
That a community’s deviance may be transmitted to new comers through socialization
Social learning theory
Deviant and conforming behaviours strongly influenced by consequences that follow them
Absolutist view- non scientific
Certain behaviours are deviant regardless of social context in which they occur
Moralist view- non scientific
The view that norm violations are deviant bcs they are morally wrong
Medical view
Deviance is essentially pathological evidence a society is unhealthy
Statistical view
Any variation from a statistical norm is deviant
Eg, left handed red hair
Medicalization of deviance
Transformation of moral and legal deviance into a medical condition, aids, alcoholism
3 components of human personality
I’d, superego, ego
Ego
Innate drive if Id.
Superego
Internalized norms of society
Strain theory
Social induced strain, such as animus forces ppl to engage in deviant activities
