Chapter 3? Flashcards
What is structural functionalism?
societies are social systems of interrelated parts. the organs of those integrated systems perform important social functions. Eg social institutions Use functionalism to examine the function.
Examples of social institutions
Religion, Education, Healthcare
What is conflict theory
Assumes that conflict is a permanent feature of social life resulting in societies being in a state of constant change.
What is a function in society?
Changes according to what they do in society
Manifest function?
an institution doing the thing it was intended to do.
Latent function?
An unintended consequence that isnt a bad thing
Dysfunction
An unintended consequence that is a bad thing
what is symbolic interactionism
a micro sociological theory that argues human society is based on the shared meaning of symbols- signs, language, and emotion.
What is the firt step in the research process.
To ask questions abt the social phenomenon of interest and discuss the purpose of the study, conduct a concept
What is a concept
an abstract system of meaning that enables us to perceive a phenomenon a certain way
Methods of research?
: the random sample, systematic, and stratified
random sample,
is selected by chance, so that every member of a group has an equal chance of being selected.
systematic,
A systematic sample draws a specific pattern of selection, such as every tenth name.
What is the second step in the research process.
s conducting a literature review, which is the process of looking at previous research in the field.
There are two main types of research methods
Qualitative methods
Quantitative methods
Qualitative methods
are research methods focused on non numeric data. They often do not have hypotheses as they are not oriented around answering a particular research question. Time consuming, but useful for looking at small group phenomena
Quantitative methods
Quantitative methods generally use propositions, which are statements about the nature of some phenomenon, or hypotheses if the statement is formulated so it can be tested, rather than questions.
Hypothesis
A hypothesis indicates how stated relations can be tested and serves as an important link between theory and empirical inquiry.
Stratified sampling
Sampling in which a population is divided into groups and then subjects are chosen at random from within those groups
Descriptive research
Research that describes social reality or provides facts about the social world
Exploratory research
Research that attempts to answer the question “what” by examining a new social phenomenon
Evaluative research
Research that measures how well a program or project works in relation to its goals
second step of research process
conduct a literature review
what is a literature review
find out as much info as possible abt his/her topic to avoid duplication work.
why do researchers conduct a literature review
to relate their research to past research
what is the 3rd step in the research process
develop research questions, either quantitve or qualitative.
ind. variable
does not depend on another variable
dep. variable
influenced by another variable
